 Hi friends, so we go for February month 2022 Yojno title new education policy. So we go for the title new education policy 2020 vision and pathways. So before going to this title, we need to understand why we need to focus on education policy and why the term news added here. And we know that the basic information on Indian education was designed by Britishers and the Macaulay system after independence, we have our own education policy. Still, we have the link of that British systems, British ideas of education, which has a huge influence in Indian system. And right now, we can also know that as economy of the world is transforming, even we have a term called knowledge economy, which needs new type of education system. So all this requires India to create this new education policy 2020. And we will find some of the important points of this article to understand what the new stands here. Okay, so that first one is the, I'll put paragraph one paragraph two, three, four and five. So in paragraph one, so a new education policy aligned with India's aspiration goals of 21st century proclaims to transform into a global knowledge superpower. So it clearly says that new education policy is to focus on India as a global power. So India's a global power means please understand our global superpower. So global power first thing is in the aspect of knowledge. So that comes the role of technology. So we want to become a technology superpower, human resources superpower. So all these are the aspirations. So that's the point here, which we need to interpret an aspirational goals of 21st century. So aspirational goals. So India has its own goals for 21st century. So 21st century, all we can relate here. So like technological power, technological superpower, human resource superpower. So all this can be related to this and to cater all these things we have this new education policy 2020. So and in paragraph two, they have given a deadline for this new education policy that is 2040. So the deadline is 2040, 2040. So to fulfill the goals, targets and pathways, so the child who gets entered into education system in a new policy would exist having gone through a new policy process. Ultimately, we can take this time frame. So we have a policy by 2020 and we are expecting the results by 2040. So what we need to understand is any education policies impact takes a generation, at least 20 years to see the real impact of education. That is the reason why the deadline is given another 20 years down the line to know what are the impact on Indian society, especially on the children. That is given in paragraph 213. And when you go for paragraph four. So what are the aim of this new education policy is first and foremost thing is universalization of, so universalizing school education. So education again can be split into school education and higher education. They want to universalize the school education that is gross enrollment ratio. So gross enrollment ratio should be 100 percentage. So what is gross enrollment ratio means and also they have given that is by 2030 by 2030 and for higher education. So gross enrollment ratio should be 50 percentage by 2035. So first we need to understand what is gross enrollment ratio means. So what is gross enrollment ratio is the target says 100 percentage by 2030 for school education, higher education 50 percentage by 2035. What we need to understand here is gross enrollment ratio relates to in that particular age bracket. How many kids are in the school? So when you take this school education bracket, so for example it can be from 3 to 17 years. What the target says is by 2030 all Indian kids should be in the school that is called 100 percentage. Whereas for higher education the target is around 50 percentage 2035 should be 50 percentage and all developed economies that is the gross enrollment ratio at the higher education level. So there are a lot of reasons why people lose out the opportunity of higher educations. Even well educated society these are the numbers and there are possibility for people to move out from school education to vocational education all this can be done. So this is the target or aim of this new education policy that is given in paragraph 4 and paragraph 5. So this that is called universalization of school education where school education or education is reachable to everyone. So it expects that the universalization of school education will provide scope for maximizing we go for the next page maximizing enrollment in higher education besides providing universal access enrollment and they take measurements to bring back dropout children's to schools and to prevent them from occurring further. So in the universalization also what the primary focus is they want to ensure that dropout kids are coming back to the schools. So this is what the new education policy tries to achieve so under universalization of education. So that is given in paragraph 1 in the next page then paragraph 2 so paragraph 3 and 4. So what paragraph 2 says is regarding modification of so modifying pedagogical structure how school systems are created. So right now the existing pedagogical structure is 10 plus 2. So right now we can see that we need to write a 10th examination of public examination and 12th examination that's a current structure. The proposed one is under new education policy 2020. So proposed one is 5 plus 3 plus 3 plus 4. So the reason what given by the new education policy why we are splitting up 5 plus 3 plus 3 plus 4 is because in 10 plus 2 pedagogical structure where students are more concentrated on a 10th public examination and 12th public examinations previous years of education was not taken into consideration by the students as the important in your life but the research in education system found out that especially that the lower level of education system when the students are very attentive and concentrating on their education there's a greater potential that has impact on positive impact on their life and society. So government was keen to change the structure from 10 plus 2 to 5 plus 3 plus 3 plus 4. We'll see what this 5 3 3 plus 3 plus 4 is. In this the most important thing is government is focusing on this yearly childhood care and education. So this is the most important thing where government is giving greater concentration that is from the age of 3. So from the age of 3 so they are going to focus on this early childhood care and education. So what under new education policy government feel is this particular one that is early childhood care and education forms the basis of foundation to make kids ready for the school. So that is given greater importance in this new education policy that going to transform the life of the kid and also the entire society and so they say from 3 to 8 years so 3 to 8 years after 3 to 8 years that is called foundation stage. So foundation stage that is the reason why they are focusing on this foundation stage for critical development. So child's major critical development happens at this age. So government and a new education policy is focusing on that dimensions and here we can see that another one what they called as foundational literacy and numeracy by grade 3. So government want to achieve that there is a foundation of literacy and numeracy by grade 3. If any student in India reaching the level of grade 3 that is third standard under new education policy they should have a foundation for literacy. Literacy is nothing but ability to read and also good in numbers and what a research found out says is research finding says is until the grade of 3 if a person or a kid is able to effectively deal with numbers effectively deal with language after that their educations becomes very simple because they are designed for education system they are very good in reading books they are very good in numbers so they are more interested to the studies until the grade 3 if a kid is losing this opportunity of not good in numbers not relating to reading books after that the dropout rates are very high. So based on that only government gives greater importance for grade 3. Under grade 3 a kid need to have a proficiency of reading and also good in numbers that is called foundation literacy and numeracy. Next thing is paragraph 4 so they also focusing on higher education so under new education policy this is what we saw under school education higher education they want to make multidisciplinary. So what is multidisciplinary means a kid in higher education especially at graduation level they need to have opportunities to study various subjects so this helps in opening the horizons of the children in various dimensions which helps in their personal life and also building the community especially regarding cognitive skills when their person is multidisciplinary multidisciplinary means knowledge of various subjects helps them to solve the problems very effectively to give a good example as right now in India we can see that most of the people are from engineering background any problem they always sees from engineering perspective so that is a problem solving based on social perspective psychological perspective so that can be done so that comes the importance of multidisciplinary approach so it is not that you want to solve the problem only based on your knowledge domain knowledge in single dimensions when you are multidisciplinary you can able to understand the problems in various dimensions and your solution will be more broad based so that is the reason why higher education should be based on multidisciplinary so that is given in paragraph 4 next next page paragraph 1 paragraph 2 paragraph 3 paragraph 4 and 5 so in this paragraph 1 the policy says that so multidisciplinary higher education institutions so multidisciplinary higher education institutions higher education institutions need to be developed in India next thing is that is called as multidisciplinary educational research universities so multidisciplinary educational research universities so objective of higher education multidisciplinary as we discussed that it helps in cognitive skills ability to make good decisions because you want to take into consideration of various factors that makes the decision very objective so that is the reason they have under new education policy they want to create this multidisciplinary educational research universities that is given paragraph 1 so that is in paragraph 2 so another most important thing about new education policy is so new education policy they are also focusing on bridging the gap so bridging the gap in communities so we know that in literacy levels based on communities we have huge differences literacy rate in SCST women we can see that it is very low in India when compared with national averages that is called the community gaps so new education policy have a provisions for bridging that gap and so they have given this social economically disadvantage groups socially social economic disadvantage groups and government need to identify this socially educationally disadvantage groups and we can see within the states there are larger populations where they have coming under this category and as per this policy they want to create special education zones special education zones to address the problem of this community gap in education as per this policy they are creating this special education zone so this is another most important initiative where the schemes related to education will be effectively implemented in this special education zones within the state level next thing is paragraph 3 the next thing is especially in the aspect of governance so how education should be governed so governance in education so this policy give lot of inputs first and foremost thing is setting up school complexes and clusters so they want to identify in a locality what are the various schools are there they were combined into clusters so there will be a resource sharing will be there so that is there next thing is setting up of school standards and authority so they want to create a standard in school education and for that there should be a separate authority for implementing it where school standards is for teachers for infrastructures all comes under this reforming education examination boards so right now all this are being done under this effective governance and also they are going to create some institutional mechanisms like higher education commission of india so higher education commission of india so one umbrella infrastructure in institution for higher education focusing on other verticals so they have different split ups one is national higher education resource center national higher education resource center which is part of this higher education commission of india the next thing is national assessment and accreditation council and higher education grant council these are related to higher education all part of this higher education commission of india ultimately under new education policy for higher education they are providing in institutional mechanisms so one is regarding this education resource center so they will determine what should be the future higher higher future higher education and this thing is assessment how this educations examinations all these assessments are being done and finally we have this higher education grants council so how this financial reserves are being allocated that's all given in paragraph 3 and 4 and next when you go for paragraph 5 and also focusing on state school standard authority which is being established especially for higher education so for based on this higher education comes commission of india at state level they are going to establish state school standards authority state school standards authority especially for quality dimensions so these are the things being done so this first school level at state and that is also higher education commission of india at state level so these are two separate institutions and this is given in paragraph 5 and next we go for so another point is paragraph 1 so paragraph 2 paragraph 3 6 so in paragraph 1 we need to go for the previous page the fact is given that is by 2025 by 2025 around 50 percentage 50 percentage students will be exposed to vocational education will be exposed to vocational education so vocational education is most important in the economy because it's not possible for every students to get into the streams right now which is considered to be very popular like professional streams it's not possible for every kids because they are learning pattern and understanding subject is very different so for them there's an opportunity under vocational education where they can learn a trait so learning a trait is nothing but learning a new skill like plumbing, electrician, carpentry so this all comes under vocational education as per this new education policy by 2025 50 percentage of students both in school and higher education level they haven't exposure to this vocational education so they can make the career choices based on this okay that is given in paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 so national research foundation national research foundation is being created under this policy and especially focusing on research and innovations focusing on research and innovations in college level universities and college research and innovation and universities and college in multidisciplinary research or interdisciplinary research so so under this national research foundation money will be allocated especially college and university level for interdisciplinary approach it is interdisciplinary research where research will be done in multiple dimensions So that is being increased that is given in paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 and technology is being effectively used in this education system. So how our technology is being used is one is for teaching. So teaching is one evaluation is one so teaching evaluation and professional development. So professional development. So these are the various areas where technology is being effectively used based on this policy and especially reaching disadvantage people through technology. So this policy clearly uses technological leverage. So right now we can see that technology can have a positive impact on the people as most of Indians have mobile phones and they are active in our internet space. So that can be leveraged by the government. So for all this purpose teaching, evaluation, professional development of the staffs. So that is given in paragraph 3. In paragraph 4, a promise is made under this policy saying that 6% of GDP will be spent for education. This is a global standard. So when an economy spends 6% of GDP in education, education is a social infrastructure and that clearly have an advantage in future socioeconomic development of the society. So that is what the promise under this new education policy. Next thing is, so in paragraph 5 they are also focusing on internationalization of education. So under this new education policy, so government was very keen that Indian students should have the scope of understanding outside world. So how this is being done is, one is where Indian colleges and universities are given opportunities to open their campuses outside of India. That is one thing being proposed and that is high performing Indian universities. So like IITs, IIMs can open their colleges outside of India. And apart from this, global universities can also open their campuses in India. So that is a greater possibility of Indian students interacting with global students. So that is another most important thing under this new education policy. Next one is, so new education policy also focuses on Indian language, art and culture. So art and culture in education. So based on new education policy, the local resources of Indian society. It is our language, art and cultures are integrated into our education system. And ultimately for that, so they are going to create Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation. So Indian Institute of Translation Interpretation to promote our Indian language. And this will be also as a qualifying pattern, so qualifying parameters. So studying Indian language becomes a qualifying parameter for employment opportunities. So government is going to incentivize students to learn our Indian languages very effectively and they are creating institution for this. That is Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation, which is being incentivized by becoming mandatory for employment opportunities. So these are the aspects of new education policy. Why it is called new because of all these points. Next we go for the article bridging education and communities. So bridging education and communities. So paragraph one, so paragraph two, paragraph three and paragraph four. And we already saw in the previous article where there is always a community gap in education. So in this article, they are going to focus how to bridge the gap in education among communities. And in this new education policy, so what they found out is previous education policies provide compulsory education for children. So paragraph one, so previous education policies focused on compulsory education for all social groups. So compulsory education for all social groups and they established, established so regulatory structures, so regulatory structures and also outcomes, equity. So all these factors are given in previous education policies. They are giving the background for this particular news article. And so with the growth of education system that becomes more challenges and in the previous education policies more about knowledge, so more about knowledge, not about application. One of the biggest criticism about the previous education policies is the education policies are designed in such a way that students should gain more knowledge about various subjects rather than the applicability of that knowledge. So that is set right through this new education policy. So in this, we can see that community development or community involvement. So this is all related to previous education policies that is communities involvement is through school development and monitoring committee. So in the previous education policies, communities involvement is through a school development and monitoring committees and through NSS, NCC and Red Cross. So these are the opportunities where community can interact with the schooling systems in the previous education policies. So right now we can see that by 2020 education policy that is given in, so paragraph 2 again. So new education policy 2020, so 2020. So they make flexibility and autonomy, flexibility and autonomy. So autonomy for community engagement, for community engagement. We will see what is this flexibility and autonomy in community engagement. So ultimately that results in bridging the gap of education in the society. So new education policy mainly focuses on how to integrate the local community in education system. Take example schools or colleges level, how local community can play in a very active role. Ultimately that result in bridging the gap of education among community. So the new education policy that is being driven especially based on two ideas. One is flexibility and autonomy. flexibility and autonomy is given to the local community so they can play an active role in education systems. So next thing is in paragraph 3. So there should be a more explicit, explicit and implicitly role of community in education. So community education which is being encouraged by this new education policy 2020 and this makes education more holistic, multidisciplinary and also experimental learning and integrating local skills. So all these are greatest benefits. So why when community is involved in it, one is local skills are being integrated. So local skills and experimental learning, experiential learning, experiential learning. So they will learn from the community. Next thing is autonomy. So these are the benefits of integrating local community into education system. So that is what given. So one is you can integrate local skill in our education curriculum. Next thing is experiential learning. They interact with society and know in society what is happening. And as we saw that one of the important objective of new education policy is transform the knowledge into actions so that all can be achieved through this. And here under community involvement in education we can see the role of private players, so private and community participation. So private and community participation where the policy encourages greater role of private players and community participation so where integral part of school education. So if you are in South India, you can see that already is being done. So private players will be actively involved in education and also community participation is very high. This we compare with North India where government is a sole provider of education in North India. So especially states like Bihar, Jharkhand and all. So these points can actually sit there. So just you can understand this. Don't relate with your local community, get confused on it. So still in that there are a lot of changes being proposed. Next thing is paragraph 1, paragraph 2, paragraph 3, paragraph 4 and 6 and 7. And this paragraph 1, so early childcare and education which already saw in the previous topic where government is very keen on age group of 328 where they want to strengthen the foundation literacy of our kids. Where here you can see that Anganwadi's are going to play a major role. So Anganwadi's are going to play a major role and especially parents, parents going to play a major role in this aspect of this early childcare and education. And so they have this school cluster model where local communities are also integrated in the school cluster model. They take a particular region, identify what are the schools there and they try to integrate into one school clusters where resources can be shared. Even the community resources are taken into consideration. So all these are part of it. And we know that traditionally Anganwadi's are focusing on nutrition. So they are majorly focusing on nutrition among children. So that can be effectively used in this early childcare and education. So Anganwadi is going to play a major role in this age group of 328 years education in Indian system. And so nutrition and also healthcare. Here we can see the role of community in education system. So right now under new education policy especially for the age group of 328 Anganwadi's are being integrated to provide the required nutritional status and also childcare and education where parents is also included in it. So that is the aspect. And next thing is this cluster schools. Cluster schools what we discussed right now is nothing but school complexes are being created in a particular geographical regions and they try to put as one cluster. Okay. Next thing is what are the advantage of this cluster model is? The cluster model of schools. So cluster model of schools result in active community participation. So community participation. Next thing is encouraging innovations. So encouraging innovation schooling systems. Next thing is so which also includes local experts. So local experts in schoolings. So all these are the advantages of the cluster model which is given in paragraph 2. And also local experts which also includes NGOs. So that comes the role of community in education especially at school level and Anganwadi playing a role in the age group of 328. So 328. 328. Okay. And also new education policy in paragraph 3. So new education policy. So new education policy encourages the role of community. Community and alumini. So alumini and volunteers. So volunteers in foundational literacy and numeracy. So this we can see that again related to 328 years where community, alumini and volunteers can play a major role. So alumini are people who already studied in the schools. So they can play a role in that particular school because they have the bondage with the school. And I think there is one case study in India where Andhra Pradesh where aluminis especially people outside of India who are NRAs are funding the schools there where a government program is based on it. So that clearly shows that how alumini can play a very active role in the development of education systems especially at the school level. Next thing is in paragraph 4. So initiative called Samajik Chetna Kendra. It's proposed under this new education policy to promote social cohesion during non-teaching and schooling hours. It's nothing but to build the community bondage or to build the community strength. So this being created at the school level Samajik Chetna Kendra where people will forgot their differences combined together under the schooling premises. So that builds the social cohesion, community cohesion or oneness. Next thing is paragraph 5. And so in paragraph 5 and 6 which is related to higher education the most important point is the choice based, choice based credit system, choice based credit system. So where a student can learn various subjects and they have the credit for each subjects. So ultimately that results in experiential learning. So what this idea says is right now as student especially in higher education if they want to have a knowledge in varied subject this choice based credit system gives them the opportunity to study various subjects. For example a person may be interested in max, a person may be interested in literature. They can study all the subjects and they have the credit system for each of this and ultimately they have an experimental learning. So their experiential learning they learn various subjects becomes multidisciplinary which is always advisable in a society because cognitive skills built up when you study various subjects. So that is given paragraph 5 and 6. Next thing is paragraph 7 which focuses on value based education. So value based education or what we called as ethical education. So ultimately what are the advantage of this value based education again promoted by new education policy is under value based education people are able to understand the societal values and political values. Ultimately this makes them as a very good citizen. Based on value based education lot of problems in a society can be easily solved. Any social issues it can be easily solved based on value based education and more focused on universal values universal human values ethical values constitution values. So all these are basis of this value based education to give a good example if a kid as proper value based education the kid can clearly understand that corruption is unethical harming a fellow human being is unethical or going against women is unethical crime against women is unethical. So value based education has a huge impact on society especially it is social problems. Then we go for paragraph 1, paragraph 2 and paragraph 3. So they are also promoting this service based participation in societal needs that is given in paragraph 1. It is nothing but making a student more community oriented. So where we can say SEVA service as the objective of the students. So community oriented so makes them community oriented and in paragraph 2. So they also focus on global citizenship education. So global citizenship education and here understand please understand bridging the gap between education and community is not only within India. So this new education policy want to make future India to behave like a global citizens. So they want to integrate with global order global countries where we need to have broader perspective of understanding the society from global point of view that is the reason global citizenship education where this new education policy focus on and especially it is more focused on tolerance, peace, inclusive societies. So that is the objective of this global citizenship education apart from there are other initiatives are taken especially for rural communities so rural communities. So one is Nath Bharath Abhyan. So this is mainly focusing on delivering the education to the needs of rural India so this was created to develop curriculum and the needs of rural India and also they have created this Mahatma Gandhi National Council of Rural Education. So Mahatma Gandhi National Council of Rural Education so to address the needs of this and also they are focusing on under this they are also focusing on MOCC that is massive online open course. So we can see lot of private players are there in modern day era especially for rural community so government is very keen on creating this massive online open courses and as a portal for Swayam platform and objective of this thing is fostering social responsibility and community engagement social responsibility and community engagement. So all these are being created by government under this policy to promote education integrating with community. Ok. Thank you.