 Okay, I welcome you all once again to my channel explore education and the I am going to discuss today the last topic in the main heading intelligence the Indian test Indian adaptation of intelligence test that is Bhatia's battery of performance tests of intelligence, okay. And then I am Dr. Rashmi Singh assistant professor department of education SS Khanna girls to be college University of Allahabad it is my email ID the video will be in bilingual mode and it must be useful for various teaching examinations and please do subscribe my channel too so that you can get my future videos too. Let's start. First of all Bhatia battery. Why are you calling it a battery? Because there are many sub-tests in it. Performance test We have talked so much about intelligence that you know that non-verbal tests are also called performance tests because there is no need for language, only your performance is seen in it. So who is the one who makes it? Mr. Chandramohan Bhatia, former director of Uttar Pradesh, Manavigyan Shala constructed this test for Indian population in 1955. That is, when David Weschler made the first test of intelligence, W-A-I-S, then Bhatia's battery of performance tests of intelligence is also, sorry, it is one of the popular tests of intelligence in India. This is a very popular test in India. Despite some of its limitations, the battery still is one of the favorites among many psychologists. There are five sub-tests in it, course block design, Alexander's pass-along test, pattern drawing test, picture construction test and immediate memory test, B-D-P-A-P-D-P-C-I-M. So these are five sub-tests that make Bhatia's battery. Okay, so let's see one by one. Course block design test. What is this first? It is a design of a block. So what is in it? This battery includes 10 designs from the original, 17 designs from the course test. That is, this is what Bhatia sir has made. This is made by the coach. Out of those, he has taken 10 designs from his 17 designs. Then what happens in this? Time for the first five designs is two minutes and for the remaining five, the time is three minutes. That is, we give the subject, subject, student the first five designs for two minutes and the remaining five designs are given for three minutes. So what is the purpose of the design? The cards, sorry, the cards, the variety of colored designs are shown to the test taker. You can see a lot of cards and these are its blocks. So what happens is that colored design is shown to the test taker. And what is it said? Ask to reproduce them using a set of colored blocks. It is shown to the design and blocked and it is told that you have to make this design. And performance is not just on the accuracy of the drawings, but also on the examiner's observation of behavior during the test. We will not only find the size of this thing that you have made it perfectly, but also because the examiner, the test taker, is also observing your behavior during the test. And the designs become progressively complex. That is to say, it gives you two minutes for the first five, three minutes for the next five. This means that the design is getting harder and harder. Okay, so there are ten designs in the course block design, in which the original 17 was taken out of it. The pattern is shown to you, the design is shown to you, it is blocked and you have to make the same design. And how much does it mean in two minutes? It means quickly. Okay, then Alexander's Pass Along Test. This is made by William Picken Alexander in the year 1937 at Edinberg University. In Edinberg University, this test was made in 1937. Alexander's Pass Along. And what did he do? All the designs of the original test are included in this battery. In this battery, all the design that Alexander's Pass has, is taken out. Then the test taker puts the blocks and trays in a wooden box. This wooden box has blocks and trays in front of the subject along with the card in which a combination of blocks and trays is represented. That means the subject shows the card in which the combination of blocks and trays is shown. Then what the subject has to do? The subject has to arrange the blocks in the box exactly like the one shown on the cards. That means the way the card is shown, it has to make the same design which is given to the block. The subject is only allowed to slide the blocks and cannot pick them up. This is a special thing which is not in the course block design. Pass Along, you can pass it, you can shift it, but you cannot pick it up. The subject has to arrange the blocks in the box exactly like the one shown on the cards. As shown in the card, it has to make the same design, but the subject is only allowed to slide, to shift, to push, to pass along the block. We can only move the blocks and cannot pick them up. This is a special thing which is related to this. The first four of these have to be completed in two minutes and the rest of the four have to be completed in three minutes. The last four have to be completed in two minutes and the rest of the four have to be completed in three minutes. The course block design has been completed and the subject has to pass along. Now what will be the pattern drawing? This test is constructed by Bhatia. This test is constructed by Bhatia. This test includes eight cards. Every card has a pattern. This test includes eight cards. Every card has a pattern. Every card has a pattern. Every card has a pattern. Every card has a pattern and the subject is required to draw these patterns in one go without lifting the pencil. The time for the first four cards is two minutes. The subject has to stop the test when failure has been recorded twice in succession. If we make two mistakes, then we will be stopped from doing this work. That is, we will not proceed ahead of this test. So this is the pattern drawing. What is the pattern in this? We have to draw the pencil. We don't have to lift the pencil. Then picture construction. What is picture construction? There are five subjects in which pictures related to the Indian rural life are fragmented into two, four, six, eight and twelve pieces respectively. How many are you seeing in this? Three and four and twelve. There are twelve in which we will get five pictures. We will get a picture set in which two parts are broken, four parts are broken, six parts are broken, eight parts are broken and twelve parts are broken. We have to combine them and make a complete picture construction. At one time, pieces of a picture are placed before the subject who puts them in order and constructs the picture. It will be given to us that this is not the type of block that children make. So we have to fit it in the right way so that we can immediately make a picture. Just earth upon. The time for first two pictures is two minutes and the rest of three pictures is just three minutes. The first two pictures get two minutes to make the first picture and the next three pictures get three minutes because there are five pictures in it. In case of failure, record not only failure, but the number of pieces the subject was able to fit in correctly with the time limit. Meaning, when the object is unsuccessful, then we don't just have to see that it was unsuccessful. In fact, we also have to see how many pieces it was able to put in that time limit. We will get the number according to that. Okay. And then the fifth test is the immediate memory test. That is, how much we can recall as soon as our memory is so sharp. So this test has two parts. It has two parts, digit span forward and digit span backward. From the name itself, you will understand that we have to digitize as it is. We have to tell it right away. For example, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven. We have to tell it once and once, seven, six, five, four, three, two, one. The test taker is required to repeat the number of examiners. The examiner will repeat the test taker. The number of digits is increased on every trial. For example, for the first time, it will be 2, 4, 6, 8. We have repeated 2, 4, 6, 8, 8, 6, 4, 2. But next time, our ink will increase. The digit span will increase. It will increase again and again. Because every time, the test is getting harder and harder. The complexity is increasing. The test is continued till the subject repeats. It's successful in the same order. This is digit span forward. Till then, you will be asked. Till then, you will be telling the correct test. In the backward recall, the numbers are repeated in the backward position from the last to the first. From last to first, we will have to tell the backward in the opposite order. This recall is also continued till the subject successfully repeats the sequence. Till then, you will be asked. It has three alternative sets. If failure is recorded in the first set, try the second and third alternative. There is no such thing as, if it is asked once and we didn't tell it, then we will fail immediately. There are three alternatives. If failure is recorded in the third set, then we will try the third set. If failure is recorded in all three alternatives, if we fail in all three, then the final failure is recorded and one must stop. Then it will be considered that we are not able to score in immediate memory and we will have to stop. Okay. Now, we have come to know that Bhatia battery was made in 1955. Chigar Mohan Bhatia Sahib made it. There are five sub-tests. Alexander Paselong, pattern drawing, picture construction and immediate memory. Then, what is its description? How is its standardization done? There are five sub-tests. They have been in villages and cities for four years and have been standardized in cross-cultural settings. Then, how much has the split half reliability come out? It is not very good. And it was valid but it was okay. Then, correlation with other intelligence tests is seen in terms of 8-2. That is to say, how much is its consistent connection with other intelligence tests. Then, the total maximum time it takes, it will take about 45 minutes to get it somewhere, because you get it in 3, 2, 5, 3, 2, 5, all of them. You must also be given instructions, so you get it in total and it takes 45 to 60 minutes. And how secure can you be in total maximum score, it is 95. Okay. This is the description of the Limitations are very popular. What are its limitations? First of all, it has norms only between 69 to 131 IQ points. That is, it does not show a range of less than 79 and 131. That is, you cannot measure extreme cases with this. Then it was standardized only on boys. This is also seen when it was made. It was released in 1955. It was done around 1950 for 4 years. That is, it was standardized from 1951 to 55. That is why at that time, girls were not so mature that it was not the right time to go and test them. That is why it was standardized on boys. Then, of 11 to 16 years of age only, they have not even tested the boys of 16 years old. They believed that after 16 years of age, the wisdom is almost steady. So, you cannot believe this to a certain extent. Then, that is why 16 years of age is also taken on adults. It was very standardized in the 1950s, 50 years before 2000 and now it is from 2022. That is, 72 years of old standardization. So, it has become very old. What are the means of these norms? What must have remained important at this time? Then, that is why it was tried again in the 1990s because it was so old at that time that we have to standardize it again. But this was not able to be done in the best way. You can say that it was not published, it was not popularized well. So, there are such limitations. In spite of this, it is very popular. Why? Why so popular? It is a performance test. First of all, it is non-verbal. There is no need for language in it. And hence, it can be administered to people with language incompatibility and poor verbal abilities. That is, those who do not have language knowledge, who have a problem with the language, you can administer it on them. Then, it can be used in some cases to children suspected of specific learning disability. If the subject is a subject, you can administer it on a particular type of learning disability. These are tests are interesting. You see, there is a block, you have to mix it, you do not have to pick up the pencil, you have to make the picture. So, it is a play-way method type of interesting. So, students are motivated to do it, they show interest. That is why it is so popular. Then, it is a very special thing in it, which is not in any other intelligence test. It is a separate set of norms for illiterates and illiterates. Which apparently seems appropriate given the illiteracy rates in the country and hence, appeals to substantial number of the professionals. So, they have separated the norms of illiterate and illiterate in the test. The norms of illiterate have been separated. But, we also know that only literacy intelligence is not affected. There will be many other factors that will be affected. So, it is just because there are illiterate and illiterate norms, that it does not even sit properly. Okay? But it is popular still. It is easy to administer and score, it is easy to administer, it is also easy to score. All these things make this test so popular. Then, what should we conclude on the battery? It is probably one of the pioneer tests of IQ that dealt mainly with performance of tests. Then, one of the important aspects of the test administration is that during the administration, if the subject is unable to complete the task within the time limit on any of the levels in the four performance of tests, the examiner demonstrates the correct procedure of doing it. Before proceeding to the next item of the test, this peculiarity cannot be found in any other intelligence test. So, this can actually be considered as one of the best methods to check the actual ability of the person and how well he learns and makes use of the information taught or the feedback. Then, we will definitely want to say that its major positive point is actually its serious limitations too. That is, limitation to that it is separate norms for illiterating rate ones. So, in this way, I am sure that you will be able to see the results of the test. So, this is a serious issue and concern of the battery that whether it is good or not so good to put two norms, two separate norms for illiterate and illiterate ones. So, in this way, I am so happy today that I have covered the concept of intelligence in utmost totality. So, thank you all and don't forget to like and subscribe my channel, explore education, enjoy my daily life too.