 A six-year field experiment in the North China Plain demonstrated that diversifying traditional cereal monoculture with cash crops and legumes increased equivalent yield by up to 38%, reduced N2O emissions by 39%, improved greenhouse gas balance, stimulated soil microbial activities, increased organic carbon stocks, enhanced soil health, and could increase cereal production and farmer income while benefiting the environment. This article was authored by Xiao Linyang, Jin Ranxiong, Taishang Du, and others.