 Hello, and this is Maz and Gilbert. It's an honor and a privilege to speak to you today about the making of 5g with AI and open source 5g obviously is a very dear and a vibrant technology that is going to revolutionize society the way we work play and And be mobile and what I want to talk to you today about the technology drivers and really the role of AI and open source And really redefining and shaping 5g in our society But before I actually do that I want to give you a glimpse of What our life is in 2025 and what we're going to experience? Thanks to these evolving technologies of 5g AI and open source so you were you're getting up in the morning and Now the usual routine is to You know have a work out with your personal assistant a personal trainer your health metrics are being tracked and You know, you will know your vital signs You will know if there's something wrong and all that information is really fed into a database and going to your to your physician for you know identifying anomalies, etc. Why you want to catch up on the news and You'll have your XR glasses on and you'll be able not to have a physical device, but you'll be able to browse through you know with this with this XR device of of you know of what the news are and and Ever the news are really personalized to you and to your liking and what you basically like at that time of day And then as you go to work is Is now it's not just a car basically, you know, you're driving a car to work There's all this intelligent machine in the back that is sitting in the network and that Intelligent machine is watching out for you. It's watching out if there is a potential Accidents that may happen because of a of a walking pedestrian or an animal or something that may happen over the next 5 seconds 10 seconds 20 seconds 30 seconds, etc As you sort of, you know, finish the day then, you know You want to go and catch up with your friends and watch a watch a sports game? And you pick up on you take a lift to to get you there and you know The the actual car or the vehicle that you've ordered is very Personalized to you. There is a validation of protocol in terms of the car You know exactly the payments, etc And then when you get there most of us when we get to this large arena, we can't find our friends We can't find where the bathroom is we can't find where we can get a pretzel or do they sell a pretzel or Whatever the case may be and now The world is going to be a little different is that finding these items is it's actually very easy and you're wearing these these sort of XR glasses That really help you to navigate to know really in what row or where about is is Annie is at the moment And where is that gift shop and and what kind of a discount that gift shop has and then when you go and Watch the game. What's remarkable about this is that it doesn't really matter what seats you take It what you really want to do is that you want to have a very different views As the game basically progresses you practically want to follow the player you want to follow the ball You know as basically is proceeding and you want to look at that from different angles You want to sit out? You know you want to look at that when you are at the very top close to the bottom of the field Right left, etc. That's sort of the experience that you're going to have with this sort of virtual reality and augmented reality space Now okay, well you get back home and and one of the things that you do is that you like watching concerts Hmm and usually today when you watch concerts you have to book way in advance and you sometimes have to travel You may have to even go overseas Life is just going to be very different than is there Holographic communication is going to revolutionize of how we work and really how we accept entertainment Now this concert is made up of several players each player is in a different side of the world Africa Asia Europe, etc And they're all performing synchronously real-time live In your living room right in front of you and that's kind of an experience is something that's very radical And for us to do that you you really need a network You need the speed the latency to really allow this synchronous real-time experience that doesn't really exist today Clearly this is all going to be revolutionized not just our experience, but also industry is going to be very revolutionized We've been talking a lot about telemedicine, but yeah, it's not mainstream today by 2025. It is mainstream So the ability of a doctor performing an operation remotely It becomes just the normal sort of status quo what we do day in day out The ability for when when someone when a patient is picked up in an ambulance the ambulance is fully Connected with IoT sensors with 5g with edge compute, etc So the operation of what exactly happens to this patient starts as soon as you're in the ambulance Not what you can get to the hospital and that half an hour or an hour time could say absolutely save lives, you know a lot of lives as we get to factories and Manufacturing is going to be completely revolutionized. We're gonna moving obviously to autonomous Factories and autonomous manufacturing. Well, what does that mean? Not only we will have these sensors monitoring these factories to ensure We reduce faults to ensure that supply chain is running as is expected But what's really important is that now it takes us weeks months to train workers especially on complex type of objects like an agent, you know an airplane engine in the future that training is days because the The the the agent doesn't really need to know everything the agent is basically being Aided by a virtual Assist that aids you to know where the faults are what actions to take and and what problem you need to solve All the way to e-commerce and I'm really excited about e-commerce because I really feel that with all these technologies evolving there's gonna be a revolution in how we shop in Retail now being able to try, you know Your favorite shirts your favorite trousers by sitting basically at home look at yourself You know with different colors, etc All the way to now being in a supermarket and knowing exactly with just a virtual glasses Is that just knowing what product is on a discount? What's the expiration date of this product and what's your favor? Where is your favorite basically prop? Where would you get basically get that and and is that really a good price versus others that they're basically selling it in the market? All of this information is available to you today That will be available to you over the next several years Now you probably gathered some of these are starting to happen This is not like some vision that may or may not happen now Actually, we're starting to experience some of these Services, but that may not be mainstream and the question is a what's the road to making those mainstream now? We really believe this is what's what's going to happen over the next several years And I want to talk to you a little about how we're going to basically get there So the first thing is the technology disruptors Behind every experience. I just talked about there are about 10 technology disruptors That are really key enablers behind those experiences now none of these technology disruptors Don't exist today. They all exist But we're really going to happen over the next several years are three main Movements the first movement is that these technology disruptors. There is a convergence convergence of technologies 5g and edge cloud and open source and virtualization or robotics all of them are coming together To really provide you that experience that when you're driving in the car You're able to the car able to sort of warn you of a walking pedestrian that in about 30 seconds You may hit that pedestrian It's it's it's these technologies coming together that allow you that real-time holographic communication That's number one. The second thing is There is a huge movement towards Disaggregation and this aggregation is Absolutely an open interface is is absolutely a critical part of of this paradigm shift And what does that mean? It means that it's the adoption of standards adoptions of open source is the adoption of Many players can build pieces of the product and these products and experiences can be basically put together It's no longer. We are dealing with monolithic systems. They're built by one vendor or two now We're dealing with an open source paradigm. We're dealing with open interfaces and we're dealing with basically this aggregation That allow us to rapidly adopt these type of experiences and the third one that's really important is Virtualization it's software defined pretty much everything and this is also important and very related to open source is that the world's is moving all towards software and Software is key in here because without the software. We cannot basically Free up the data without freeing up the data You can forget about doing AI and machine learning and without AI and machine learning you can forget about doing intelligence Building intelligent machines and personalised assistants and intelligent robots, etc So everything is have to converge together in order to allow these experiences that I just talked about in this presentation I want to focus on the first four because I really believe the first four are foundational Capabilities that's really allowing us to create the experiences. I just talked about so I want to tell you why those four that come virgins of those four is really important and Certainly to enable those experiences I talked about the network of tomorrow really you have to have Fundamental shift in both the platforms and becoming very data-powered it needs to move to an autonomous network What does that mean? Well as the network is getting more complex as more and more technologies are basically added from you know It's from 4g 3g LTE all the way to 5g to massive MIMO to you know Dynamic spectral sharing and Wi-Fi and you have DSL and you have fixed wires a lot of Technologies coming in to this network the network really needs to become Autonomous and for it to happen there are several drivers needs to come and converge together The 5g and edge are foundation foundational because 5g allows us this real-time Network experience it allows us the speed the latency the low jitter so that you can actually have Multi-party cloud gaming happening a Synchronously all real-time just like if people are with you in the same room Playing that game It allows us this massive connectivity Billions of devices billions of sensors, but in order to do that the transport and the access by itself is not enough You need the compute you need the storage you need that intelligence to be to Basically walk with you wherever you go and that's where the edge is important And I'll talk a little about the edge and the importance of the edge is in a minute And then you have of course the AI in the machine learning just a sort of where the intelligence is and AI and machine learning are critical because to be able to process and Ingest and learn from complex patterns large amount of data and do that in real-time Operation in real-time being able to know that there is a pedestrian moving and and basically they need to do Being able to do that at scale for every car wherever it is at any point in time You really need massive connectivity and you need massive machine learning and that machine learning and I'll talk a little about that cannot be Centralized and this is a major revolution is that we're gonna start seeing machine learning and AI going from centralized to disaggregated to Decentralized type of a paradigm and I'll talk a little more about that And then I want to talk about the open source for this to happen This needs to be a community. They have to be standards being put in place Otherwise nothing will become interoperable. You cannot communicate from one device to the other You cannot communicate from one cloud to the other you cannot communicate from One network to the other and really having an open source Open collaboration to accelerate progress and define common and interoperable tools So I want to tell you a little more or of each about each one of these things that I just talked about the first one Is this this aggregation open interfaces and software and analytics as I mentioned earlier? We are moving at AT&T shortly. We started about six years ago in our journey towards software defined networking What does that mean? We're moving away from monolithic, you know hardware software all intermingled together to really Disaggregating software from hard. Why is that important? Well, just imagine that we change hardware every few years three four five seven years in some cases Software we change software every week And so the pace of change of both of these are so remarkable. So you do need to disaggregate So every time you change a software, you don't need to change a hundred thousand dollar two hundred thousand dollar basically machine That disaggregation we've started actually deploying that in our core network And we are hoping by the end of this year. We will exceed 75% virtualization of our core network Why is that absolutely important? Not only important in terms of scale you can imagine in COVID-19 is that Our habits of using the network using communication is radically different You know 56% of us are working from home and now some of the traffic has shifted to the home broadband is important Having great connectivity wireless connectivity at the home is important more than basically being somewhere else Being able to do that in a software world is a very simple thing to do and that's why we've managed our network certainly have restrained these evolution and these You know, you know Incredible sort of increases in traffic and changes in habits because it's become software based and that software has the Intelligence to basically move traffic around and optimize it without anybody knowing So I want to also move on to we've talked about the core There's another revolution about to take place which is the access and this is where 5g becomes really important Access today is going through a revolution and the Orion Alliance is driving this revolution and actually part of the Orion Alliance There's an Orion open source that's sitting in the Linux foundation that's driving that and as part of that is to really Open is to try to drive a software defined access is to be able to go from monolithic access to now Practically in the future what you'll have is an open Disaggregated virtualized access. What does that mean? That means that you know the That means your antenna that's sitting on top of a tower becomes just a very small piece of device That's a commodity device And everything else is a software and everything else all the compute is a commodity Compute that you basically put in some centralized core or a distributed distributed cloud Everything is run by software and that means is that now you'll be able to provide experiences at for every user for every device Secure and provide that experience in a very customized personalized way today. We just can't do that We can drive averages of experiences across a county across a DA across a market but to be able to provide that that seamless experience just for you and ensure everybody else is not Impacted you obviously need to go through this revolution of opening the ramp Which is what we are basically going through and have been over the past year or two the second revolution I talked about is the edge and I mentioned that one of the revolution is that AI and machine learning as we know it today is going to change It's no longer going to be a lot of intelligence center sitting in a centralized cloud It's going to be a distributed machine learning and AI and that distribution ranges from the Customer device from the consumer device the consumer sensor all the way to the mech And this is your mobile edge compute so think of the factories the retail stores where there is intelligence there They're edge cloud capabilities there that allow you to really process a large amount of traffic in stadiums and Autonomous cars your car will have some edge compute edge cloud actually sitting right in that car doing a lot of processing all the way to now Intelligence is distributed all the way to your small cell as 5g becomes mainstream all the way to your network edge to your core and To your core cloud and think of the core cloud is your third-party clouds as well and now AI and machine learning is distributed across and what really matters is Providing the best experience The best throughput the lay the best latency to the customer when they need and where they need it And you can imagine to do that at a cost effective way you need to have a distributed system so that Things like core cloud and core networks are basically doing heavy number crunching of processing large amount of data Across counties across nations to be able to build these sophisticated machine learning models Whereas these models are basically pushed to the edge and they are they run at the edge in real time on a day in day a day out basis So moving on in here. I want to Talk a little more about so How are we applying AI and open source and 5g today? And I I'm really glad to tell you that we're building 5g on AI apps as we speak a lot of the 5g capabilities have a lot of machine learning and also open source capabilities That's making up this this new revolution that we are experiencing. I'll just pick a few places where we are deploying AI today You can imagine traffic forecasting Just the sheer size of being able one of the one of the Fundamental thing about 5g is densification which that means is that having a lot of small cells in few hundred meter radius and These cells will have some Spectrum and millimeter wave that allows very large bandwidth very large throughput very little jitter In to allow these experiences. I basically talked about well to do that You practically have to forecast where the traffic is going to be not today Today the next one year the next five years and the next ten years to basically do that and Provide that the right experience for everyone. That's a very complex AI Optimization problem and that's basically what we have been doing in building 5g and how we have gone to 5g nationwide All the way to integrated natural planning. So now you've imagined you've done the forecasting But now being able to know where about in what corner of the country We're gonna basically put a cell site and what's the experience? Who's gonna be impacted by that cell and how do we make sure that when you're using your video when using your 360 video We're using holographic communication. You're getting that with very minimal buffering. Clearly that is like Designing an entire city Okay, I know in exactly where to put the assets where to put the edge cloud where basically to put the small cell Etc. And and that's sort of a lot of the AI capabilities being spent there all the way to let me talk about energy Optimization so now you have a lot of these assets these assets are very energy-hungry and One of the key things that we do today and we are deploying in our 4g and 5g is energy Optimization to really drive green Communication that you want to make sure that if you can put some cells or some equipment to sleep Because they're not needed It's off-peak time and reduce your energy consumption Why not impacting the experience? You absolutely want to do that and again to be able to figure this out at a scale and Ensure that the customer experience is not impacted is a significant AI problem that we are We are deploying today So I'm I'm really very excited that over the past several months. We've made tremendous Progress at AT&T and deploying 5g in America. We have we've gone nationwide a few weeks back. We've announced our nationwide 5g coast-to-coast and We've also deployed and continue to deploy 5g plus. So that's millimeter wave In 35 cities and County and this allows us up to 2 gigabytes 2 gigabits per second Through put and that's that's that's the kind of experience. It's that throughput. It's the very low latency It's the very low jitter. It's the very minimal packet loss Putting all of that together are basically foundational to providing the experiences. I talked about earlier on again, I also mentioned the open source and One of the key foundation to making all of this happen is really Bringing the open source and the communities together to enable in collaboration. This is a slide I thanks to Ibrahim Haddad from Linux Foundation Basically, it's a landscape of all the activities. We're doing as a community and really driving machine learning and AI Ubiquitous across society in different verticals Communication certainly is a key part of that As you can see a lot of companies involved in that this is a community Collaboration that goes nationwide it goes global and we're very excited about that and it's really a foundation part To accelerate in progress and everything I talked about in 5g and disaggregation and open interfaces, etc I want to leave you with a video and I think this video pretty much highlight what this experience of 2025 looks like and like I said, you're gonna see that some of those we're starting starting to experience those today By 2025 this is gonna become all mainstream. Well, thank you for that. I want to leave you with this the slide on Everything I talked about from the open source AI and how this is Revolutionizing 5g to edge cloud and how this operationally happens and all the technical details are actually in a book that Eight companies published this book 32 authors All royalties go to black girls code. We've raised over $3,000 so far I would really love to have you support this this incredible Institutions and with that. Thank you so much and I'm open for questions