 I am Mr. Seshkanth Gosavi, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Valchan Institute of Technology. I am giving the online educational resource of giving stakeout, or which is also known as lineout, using the total station. The learning outcomes of today's online educational resource is, at the end of this session, the learners will be able to give stakeout or lineout of points on ground using total station. The learners will also be able to explain the advantages and limitations of stakeout method. Temporary adjustments of total stations are of course going to be there in all the processes which we are using with all serving instruments. So with the total station also we need to do the setting up, we need to do the centering, we need to do the levelling and we need to do the focusing. The temporary adjustment of total station has another important adjustment to be done, which is orientation of the plane table, orientation of the total station. It may be the orientation by magnetic compass or it may be orientation by OCCBS setup. But both of these methods are not that much applicable particularly when you are going to use a stakeout operation. Because in the stakeout some previous work has already been done by the party regarding the survey and therefore the extension of that work might be possible. If it is the initial setup wherein we are setting up the instrument on the field and collecting some data and thereafter doing the setting up, then it is okay to go ahead with the magnetic compass and OCCBS setup. OCC stands for occupied station and BS stands for backside. In the earlier lecture we have already seen how the resection method works. In the stakeout method we need to go ahead with the creation of the database. What is stakeout? Stakeout is setting out the points as per the drawings which are created for construction of some civil engineering work. So the drawing might be available wherein the column centres might be there, corners of the walls might be there or centre of some kind of civil engineering structure might be there like a well or anything like that. So for all those important points which are required to be fixed onto the field or onto the ground, stakeout is essential. So creation of database of that particular drawing is at most important. There are two ways of doing it. You can directly feed the drawing as input to the given survey which is to be done for stakeout or you can create the coordinates of the stations from the available drawing and those coordinates can be fed into the total station to search for. In both the methods it is essential to have the clear idea about the exact location and the coordinates of the instrument station. So occupied station of the total station has to be precisely known and in majority of the cases this is done by using the resection method. Some previously available data might be there which is available into the file, may be in the AutoCAD or may be in the coordinates form and that minimum two of those particular stations we will revoke and we will try and identify what are the coordinates of OCC station in that case. This is the conventional total station as you can see the tripod is there and at the centre of the tripod we can attach a plumb up or we can do it by using the optical permit to make sure that the vertical axis of the total station will be exactly above the point occupied by the total station. In addition to that leveling can be done roughly by using the circular bubble tube and thereafter precisely by using the plate bubble tube. This is the prism which is held on the top of a tripod. There is another way you can hold the prism above a rod on which the markings of the height of the rod will be there and that can be used as an input while starting our work. Carry out temporary adjustment is of course the first step I have already explained about that. Go to the onboard program software such as Topserv in Sokya some other software might be there with the trimble, some other software might be there in Pentax, some other software might be there with Topkant, Topserv software is there. So carry out resection or carry out OCCBS setup in order to ensure that the coordinate of the occupied station will be properly set. Go to the function or program and selects takeout. You have to further go ahead for entering the input data such as name of the occupied station, height of the instrument and height of the target. If the two stations are already available on to the ground you can have their data available into your database and then you can hold the prism alternatively at each of those two stations to make sure that the OCC point will be available in terms of its coordinates. So for this we will have to bisect each of these two stations from its previous data which is revoked into the software. Select the function of observations thereafter. Keep target on station whose coordinates are known, bisect them and give the input information. Repeat till errors are less than 5mm. So resection method requires very very precise operation in order to make sure that the orientation of the total station will be matching with the requirements of the drawing or requirements of the database of the coordinates to be set on to the ground. Once this is done it will return the coordinates of the occupied station. Once that is done then we can proceed further for the stakeout operation. So in the steps of the stakeout enter the coordinates of the station to be staked out as input information or you can invoke the name of the respective station from the drawing and try to search for that. You will have to alternatively hold the target prism on trial positions on ground of station to be staked out. Maybe it will be a column center. So you will have to search for that particular column center on the ground arbitrarily. Initially we will be holding it arbitrarily somewhere and we will press the stakeout button which is supposed to return you with the error message or directional instructions. It will return the error in distance. So it will tell you by how much distance you are away or you are near to the trial position of the respective point to be staked out. It will also give us angular error. That means by how much degrees, minutes and seconds you have to rotate on the right side or on the left hand side to reach to the desired point which is to be staked out. It may also give you information regarding the direction. So it may be towards north, towards south, towards east or towards west. So in a quadrantal fashion it will inform you about how to change the direction of the telescope to suit to the requirement of the station to be staked out. Refine the position of the target prism now as the directions have been received in the previous step. You will have to change the target prism to a new position and once again a stakeout button will have to be pressed to get further instructions. As you know if you are more experienced you will understand the previous instructions clearly and you will be properly holding the prism in an appropriate direction. If you are not experienced chances are there that you may require more number of trials to refine your position. You will have to again press a stakeout for searching the correct position. You will have to repeat the process of pressing stakeout and refining the position of your target rod till the correct position on the ground of the station to be staked out is found. How to understand whether you have got the correct position? Very simple. It can be verified that the distance and the angle error at this particular position will be zero. If it is zero which means you have reached to the exact desired location which is the point to be staked out. Please pause the video for a while and answer the following questions. For stakeout the database is created by using which methods? The solution of this particular question was that the database for stakeout is prepared either in a drawing form or in the form of the coordinates of the stations to be staked out. As all of you know we have these two possibilities that you can feed the coordinates or you can invoke the respective points from the drawing and then you can keep on searching for them on to the ground. I have referred serving for engineers by J. Yuran and W. A. Price. This is a 2006 edition. I have also used elementary surveying and introduction to Geometics by C. D. Ghilani and P. R. Wolfe. This edition was 2012 edition which I have referred for preparing this particular online educational resource. Thank you very much for patience and interest into watching my video.