 The childhood vaccination coverage in low and middle income countries including India has increased significantly over the past two decades, resulting in a decline in vaccine preventable diseases and contributing to a decrease in morbidity and mortality rates. This development is expected to lead to an epidemiological transition and mandates for policies and strategies to extend the benefits of vaccination beyond traditionally target age groups to include adults, elderly and at-risk populations. The article reviews the current status of adult vaccination in India and proposes several approaches to move towards life course vaccination. This article was authored by Chandrakant Lahariya and Pankaj Bontwatch.