 like our our next speaker Anne Logan from the Great Basin Unified Control District has her presentation up and so she's rapidly advancing up to the front of the room and again although we're running behind please take your full 15 minutes for the presentation. Okay I'm Anne Logan the deputy air pollution control officer for Great Basin Unified air pollution control district and I am going to pick up where Phil and Grace left off and the history of Owens Lake and the district is really critical to understand where we are today but I'm going to focus on the current dust control status and current regulatory framework under which this district operates its monitoring and enforcement activity. So to provide kind of the simplest overview of the current regulatory framework still provided the history of all the different iterations of SIPP and supplemental control requirements determinations that have been the district has been through. The current regulatory framework really consists of two main components and the first is the control plan and that's contained in the 2016 Owens Valley planning area state implementation plan and that provides the overview of the control strategy to attain the federal PMPEN standard. The legal requirements and enforce enforcement mechanisms for that plan are contained in three primary regulatory documents both to both that being the district governing board order 1604-1301 and district rule 433 both the 2016 SIPP and district rule 433 were approved by EPA and California Health and Safety Code 42316 which was originated in 1983 provides that the district can require the city of Los Angeles to undertake reasonable measures to mitigate air quality impacts of its activities for production, divergence, storage and conveyance of water of dust control development and currently the three main back homes are shallow flooding managed vegetation and gravel with provisions in shallow flooding for tillage and brine. It's important to note that the dust control season for Owens Lake for which the requirements of these back home needs to be met is October 16th to June 30th. It isn't the full year. These back home include about five square miles of gravel and back home managed vegetation shallow flooding has the largest acreage with almost 30 square miles shallow flooding in several different ways by DWP including shallow flood flooding ponds and sprinklers. There's about three square miles of brine and tillage dust control efficiency areas which are reduced control efficiencies that are allowed in specific areas and also of nine square miles of dust control that have been ordered. 1.2 square miles of that have been deferred. So in 2013 the city and district agreed upon provisions that allow significant environmental and cultural resources that met specific provisions to be deferred for dust control and we have just over one square mile of those areas today. Since today require a lot of responsible for the operations and maintenance and the district is responsible for the monitoring and enforcement of these best available home measures. The district's activities are really separated into two main components and that is ambient air quality monitoring the primary purpose of which is to determine compliance with the federal TM10 standard. There's also the goal to meet the California ambient air quality standard for TM10 in communities within the Owens Valley TM10 planning area. In air quality monitoring the district also does an annual monitoring with CalPAP that's used in an evaluation of monitored and modeled exceedances for contingency determination for additional control areas is to issue health alerts and provide real-time data to the public and the second part of the district's monitoring is focused on the best available control measures compliance monitoring and evaluation and that's to ensure that the dust controls are installed and operated to require design and performance criteria. And this is a transition so over the past several decades the district's primary focus was really in identifying the source areas that needed control and as dust control has been implemented there's been a transition to the primary focus of staff being on the monitoring and compliance evaluations of the dust control is shown here and this includes the district and LADWP. It's important to note that the compliance with the federal and state standards is only at the regulatory shoreline through district monitors. LADWP sites are used for performance criteria for the backup but aren't used in evaluating compliance with the national ambient air quality standard. And to map I won't go into the details of the monitoring sites but it's just to show that given the large area of the lake there's significant PM-10 monitoring the district has 10 sites and DWP operates I think currently right now an additional four. Monitoring program is the dust identification program and this is a method that was determined to monitor sand flux. It involves dust as well as a time resolution of that mass and it was originally developed to estimate PM-10 emissions and correspond those to source areas for that needed control. It's evolved to become a performance criteria for specific types of backup including tillage, brine and dynamic water management and currently there are across Owens Lake that are used both in monitoring areas that might need additional controls as well as the performance criteria for areas that are currently under control and sites are operated by both the city and the district. The district includes field observations, source area mapping of areas that become emissives that are outside of currently controlled areas, surface integrity observations as well as including LIDAR. The district has developed a induced emission using a drone and the procedures of that are contained in regulatory documents and it's referred to as induced particle emission tests. The district also operates a network of remote dust cameras to track dust emissions during daylight hours and so if we look at the different best available control measures this is a superficial overview of the compliance criteria for those backup and the purpose of not to go into the details of that compliance criteria but to highlight that there are specific performance criteria for each backup and those need to have measurable performance criteria that the district can track and evaluate to ensure the control efficiencies of those best available control measures and so you'll see for each of the backup have multiple types of performance criteria that are tracked where others have just a single criteria that's evaluated and in the evaluations of those back on the hands on the type of criteria so certain dust controls are more subject to rapid change than others. For shallow flooding the district's evaluating the compliance criteria every eight days provided there's a clear satellite overpass because wetness can change very quickly. Things like brine or vegetation are evaluated more on an annual basis and then surface evaluations, tillage, stand-foot monitoring, a lot of that is continuous or as needed and LADWP both in the monitoring as well as in the performance evaluations and a lot of work is done to ensure that both entities are proactive in ensuring the compliance criteria. The district has the authority to take enforcement actions if performance criteria are not met including ordering reflux of areas issuing NOVs or NTCs unless the reason the performance criteria are not met is due to breakdown condition or something that would be eligible for a variance under the district's procedures which would be issued by our hearing board. The PM10 standard in a demonstration of attainment and so on an annual basis determination is done by the district of the monitored and modeled PM10 exceedances to determine if additional areas are required for controls and also to ensure that the currently implemented best available control measures are sufficiently controlling PM10 emissions and this contingency requirement is a requirement by the 1990 Clean Air Amendment Act which requires that progress be made towards attainment of the federal standard. So that was a brief overview of the district's current monitoring and enforcement activities. I think Jennifer Long is coming to provide DWP's side. And can I just confirm that both of you will be able to stay through the afternoon for our question session which is currently scheduled at 1.35. Okay, great. Thank you. Hi, everyone. My name is Jennifer Long. I'm the manager of the old like engineering group. So we make up about 10 engineers that comprise of electrical, mechanical and civil engineers as well as drafting technician. I just wanted to say that next time I should go before Jaime because he kind of stole some of my thunder and my pictures and some of my slides was also maybe a little repetitive so I apologize for that. But anyway, but my group is responsible for supporting all the operations and maintenance on the Owens Lake. So at the lake we have about 50 construction maintenance and operator staff there and basically I am going to basically here's an agenda I've been asked to basically give an overview of kind of like who we are at the Owens Lake. I'm actually based up at the Keyler Construction Yard. My husband and I actually both work for the department up there. It's been a year and a half or so that I've assumed my new role as the manager of the Owens Lake engineering group, but previously I had worked for a total of seven years on Owens Lake dust mitigation projects. Previously I was working more on the regulatory side of things, special studies and research that sort of thing and then now I'm transitioned over to the O&M side. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to basically go over kind of who we are, who's at the lake, what are the supporting groups. I'm also going to give kind of an overview of the infrastructure that supports each of the different back-end types. I'm going to talk a little bit about our operations as well as the maintenance activities that we have to do to support our dust mitigation efforts there and then I'm also going to end with an overview of kind of the operational constraints and challenges that we face and that's something that Jaime was kind of touching upon and I'll try to expand a little bit more on that. So in terms of who we are, so like I mentioned my group is comprised of about, well nine engineers including myself, I'm a civil engineering background. We have about 50 or so staff guys out there who on a daily basis are basically monitoring the health of the lake. I mean our areas like wet enough, how are our plants doing? Are there any leaks? It's a continuous 24-7 type of operation. We have hydrographers out there basically that are responsible for coming up with the irrigation scheduling to help make sure that areas stay compliant. They're also in charge of basically spreading the water allocations to the different areas, shallow flood areas, not only for operational needs but also to assist with somewhat any management associated with habitat value. And then we also have electrical mechanic shops that's responsible for maintaining power to all our facilities not only after lakes with entire acrobats. And then basically from LA all the way up to Bishop we have, we rely a lot on other engineering groups to flee to get our equipment, survey to help us make sure we are working within the boundaries that we're should. Supplemental construction staff and of course we've put out a lot of contracts for materials and that sort of thing and then we also have to deal a lot with the other groups real estate legal corporate environmental on the permitting side of things. In terms of assets, so Jaime kind of talked a little bit about this already but this slide basically gives a brief overview of those assets of what we're actually responsible for and then of course what we rely on to attain and maintain compliance of all of our dust mitigation areas. So we have about 31.8 miles of zonal mainline pipe. And what zonal mainline pipe is that's our primary water supply pipeline that takes water to all areas around the lake. And so we have three sources of water that we pull into our zonal mainline. That's one of which the Los Angeles Aqueduct. On the north end it's Lubkin. On the south end it's from Cartago. And then we also have up in the north off the lower Owens River we pump up to 50 CFS through our lower Owens River pump back station. So those are the basically the three sources of water that feeds the zonal mainline. That basically is a continuous loop all around the whole entire Kern-Heart Lake bed. And then we have 35 turnout facilities. So the turnout basically allows us to pull water from that zonal mainline into an individual dust control area. And at the turnout facilities we have filtration systems to help you know get rid of the majority of like the sediment and organics that are present in that raw aqueduct water that we're pulling from the river as well as from the aqueduct. And then there's cathodic protection because as Jaime mentioned we have very stately soil conditions at the lake. So we have to protect all our varied metal piping you know fittings all that all that all that good stuff. And then there's all the controls and instrumentation for the automatic kind of control of operating the lake. So for the most part I like to say that most of the lake can be operated through our SCADA system. But there are certain areas and portions of areas that are manually controlled. So we actually have to have our guides go out there manually open the ballot here and there at times. And especially for like dust mitigation and for compliance reasons there may be a need to maybe operate areas more or less. And sometimes you know you have to go there if you want to isolate an area the guides will have to go out there and do it by hand. In terms of like the piping the water supply lines that we have that are two inches or greater we have 4200 miles of it. And as Jaime mentioned in our farm which is the Management Area's T5 to T8 we have 35 or actually to 35 to 300 miles of subsurface drip to irrigation. In terms of berms as Jaime mentioned we have about 128 miles of berm roads. And actually it's funny because even for me even being there for about a year and a half full time I still kind of lose my way around sometimes but I hear Google Maps works wonders. So for you guys who you guys finally go there might want to make sure you charge your phone and have that ready. Okay so now what's that? Okay so now I'm going to kind of transition and try to give an overview of the type of infrastructure related to the different vacuum types. So I'll go ahead and start with shallow flood vacuum. So like like other folks mentioned you know for shallow flood you can have pond you can have lateral shallow flooding and as Jaime mentioned there's bubblers which is um which is okay I don't know I need to point here sorry but it's a tough left. And then up here we have an example of above ground sprinkler in our channel area. Up here to very top that's an example of our drainage system we have pumps there it's like a little mini pump stations that we can recirculate surface or subsurface water within that area. And in some areas we actually have the capability of pumping into what we call a fine-line conveying system and what that allows us to do is be able to move water and distribute water to different parts of the area depending on operational need and especially related to habitat values and salinity management. Down here ever so often once in a while we have a leak and so this is an example of a shoring system that we had to install um um shoring system we haven't saw that gave us access to the area. And then the picture to the bottom left is an example of our fritillic filtration system that I just mentioned. So basically as water comes up and out from the from the main line from the zone main line to the turnout station it actually goes through a series of a stand separator and and brush filters. So basically the stand separators allow the heavy sediment to basically fall out from the water and then it goes through brush filters which basically helps remove most of the organics like the leaves, the twigs, algae. And so we especially notice actually during the runoff season and when there's higher temperatures there'll be a lot more algae bloom a lot more organics present in our in our system and that could be a problem because depending on the volume of sediments that are going through a system obviously that could clog and then overrun our filtration system and then make its way further down the system and then leads to clogging and plugging of sprinklers and that sort of thing. So I'll talk about that a little bit later. But in terms of pond shallow flood so we have um higher perimeter berms around those areas simply because we're having a whole bath more water and and the side slopes are generally are generally rip-wrapped. That's to help prevent oil erosion from the wave action. For the lateral shallow flood like bubblers or sprinkler areas we we have obviously lower like shorter berms because not necessarily we're not holding back you know a bunch of water and typically those have extensive pipeline distribution network like I said above the reserve or sprinklers. In terms of operations of shallow flood areas so basically rerun those areas through irrigation schedule through our SCADA system that's maintained by my engineering group and the schedules are set by our hydrographer in coordination with the watershed resource folks and biologists up in Bishop as well as on the lake just depending on you know what the need is time of year. Weather conditions obviously have a big effect on if we have a front areas a little bit more less if there's rain out there then we can back off a little bit on that. So it's very a dynamic process that they adjust those irrigation schedules and out in the field and in the SCADA room that's all operated by our aqueduct and reservoir keepers. So in terms of maintenance actions or maintenance activities I should say I'm sorry related to shallow flooding it just really in terms of already maintenance a lot of it's dictated by what our guides see out in the field and so it could include things like cleaning out sprinkler heads or replacing sprinkler heads because the sprinklers have fees because of all the salt and it's preventing the sprinklers from being able to rotate that thrifting or sometimes they need to unplug or replace the sprinklers or bubbler heads because they're clogged or damaged due to sediment getting caught in it or if construction has just ended sometimes because our HDP lines sometimes those shavings from just the fusing process it'll actually end up and plug in our sprinklers as well so things like that it's always it's like I said a 24-7 thing where you guys have to be aware of the areas and know what's going on there and just to give a little context to the magnitude of what they deal with we have over 38,000 sprinklers spread over those you know 32 square miles slash 48 square miles that we've mitigated today so it just shows you what a big tall word that really is for our guys. Other parts other maintenance activities could include just flushing the lines to to try to clear up that sediment and organics that tend to settle at the bottom of the piping and so we had a series of blow-off valves clean out flush valves flushing mechanisms to help remove that sediment. Now I'm going to move on to tillage in terms of tillage of the infrastructure so so tillage and brine all at one point were shallow flood backup areas so they're going to have obviously that same infrastructure there but the difference though with with tillage areas obviously you're not going to have those sprinkler irrigation systems you know permanent infrastructure you're going to have outfalls possibly or you're going to have bulbers and so we also have a way of deploying a temporary irrigation system if if needed for maintenance or refloat orders and in terms of operations and maintenance of these areas really tillage is one of our you know if we're not doing our maintenance or we're not having to deal with a refloat order tillage is a waterless sedimentation measure so it's one of those things where it's a leave it and forget it until maybe you have to do some maintenance or some other action in that area so the only time you know we really have to do anything and depending on what we're trying to achieve like I said is if we want to do some pre-emptive maintenance or if the district is asking us to do maintenance or if they give us a refloat order and what those actions may include main include tilling the inner furrows so we have the furrows here and sometimes they fill with sand that either could come out from another area like sand intrusion from another area or for whatever reason and and and the and we and because of the way that the district measures like ridge height and things like that we'll actually run our bull plow down the existing alignment of the existing furrow to push up and out that collected soil up on top of the ridge to build up that ridge height so that's another way uh we would do maintenance or another way would be between the ridges so like this area here you can actually take your equipment through that same area and actually put in some more tillage rows so there's a couple different ways or what we could do is we could actually level the entire area and then re-establish tillage or level it refloat it and then and then re-establish tillage and so some of these pictures just up at the top left you see a series of equipment with the switch plow we refer to that as tillageddon just because you just had all that equipment all at one time out there trying to roughen up that surface and then generally is what our first step is you want to roughen up the surface and then what you want to do next is you want to go back through in the opposite perpendicular direction and then you want to with the bull plow and then that's when you'll start seeing like these type of deep furrows you see at the bottom right and up top that picture probably looks familiar because I may have it but basically you want to have that continuous kind of light shape so that's ideal what it should look like and and talked about the eye-pet testing so the picture in the top middle that's our ex-acquitus manager who's been retired and knit and they're basically with that drone protecting the eye-pet test okay so in terms of brine as I mentioned before because it was once a shallow flood area it's going to have very similar infrastructure but with this one you're not going to have bubblers or sprinklers you're just going to have a series of outfalls help supply water to the area so in terms of operations and maintenance of brine areas this is another pretty simple bathroom in that sense where it's a leave and a forget it death mitigation measure to us and if we were to have to do some type of maintenance or if we were issued a reflux simply all we have to do is turn on the faucet so we turn on those outfalls flood the area let me to do its job with re-established that crust layer that we're looking for and so that's that's pretty much it or actually and then the other thing that we could possibly do too is part of maintenance if we're trying to distribute the water to all areas within that brine area we can actually put in some cross-hatching like little channels to basically move that water to all the to saw to the whole area that we're trying to work with so in terms of like these pictures like the very top left that's a picture of a stuff excavator that broke that hard top crust of a brine area and you see how muddy and lucky it is not not fun the bottom right picture I think basically I have this photo but it's a pretty cool photo and it's funny to say that actually the color of the brine it can take on many different colors and what kind of dictates that is the composition and the type of bacteria that's present in the brine solution and then the picture to the bottom left is actually it shows the unique kind of crystalline structure of the salt that naturally occur underneath that brine brine crust okay so in terms of managed veg because it's supposed to be funny I didn't hear any laugh but okay so I don't know about you guys but I'm kind of a city folk I grew up in Pasadena with your area so I've never actually seen a gopher in my life so when I went up to the Owens Lake sorry Adam so when I went up to Owens Lake one of the first questions I asked the guys I'm like what are some of the major maintenance issues that you guys have you know in management areas and they said watching gophers gophers pose quite a bit of trouble uh to us they're kind of maintenance nightmare I was like oh really why what's going on well what happens is these little critters so so this is what I thought they looked like and this is reality what they look like so cute cuddly and caddy stacks here maybe still cute but maybe not cuddly where I want to want to pet it but but anyway basically what these guys do is they burrow and they're and create a tunnel network in our veg areas and when I told you that we had 3,600 miles of surface drip tube irrigation well they basically burrow through that irrigation line that we have and so what we end up with is kind of very bad version of the Bellagio water show in Vegas you know you feel a lot of water but just without the lights and sounds but then of course then we have to deal with all those leak repairs so that's not so fun but but kind of talking with that managed vegetarian the south that I was telling you about from T5 to T8 only in those locations do we have permanent irrigation stations and so the bottom left picture kind of shows you what those tanks that the station looks like you'll see a bunch of tanks that we hold the chemicals we basically use it as we go but twice a year spring and fall we apply the fertilizer liquid fertilizer through our irrigation system and that's to keep the plants happy and healthy and so up top is an example of a happy and healthy established managed veg area so in terms of infrastructure I mean once again it's going to be very similar to shallow flood simply because we have to irrigate these areas right so but there is a little bit difference in terms of infrastructure especially for like the newer phase 7A 910 managed veg areas is that you'll have raised broadsits and that provides kind of like a drained low salinity zone for those plants to kind of grow drive and not have their root don't burn because of any salt that are being reclaimed from that area and then in between these broad beds what you'll find are furrows that go between those broad beds and that facilitates kind of like the distribution of irrigation water as well as helping remove the salt from those reclaimed reclaimed reclamation activities I should say and then and yeah just just like shallow flood we have subsurface surface drainage system and in the farm T5 through T8 that is a little bit different than the 7A 910 areas in that not only do we have filtration at the turnout stations but we also have secondary filters out in the field and that's just because of the different systems the drip tube versus the above ground sprinklers that we have based on the 910 veg areas oh I'm sorry I guess I didn't mention about the maintenance activities well the main activities I kind of jumped ahead so the fertilization or application of fertilizers through our irrigation system referred to as fertilization that is something that's part of our maintenance program as well as obviously the upkeep of our water conveyance system and of course any repair leak repairs that we have to deal with just because of the go first in terms of gravel infrastructure is really simple all you have basically is you have underlying geofabric which in that bottom left picture you see the the black so that's the geotextile fabric and then rock is basically applied over it of two to four inches and so the other pictures that you see here are some of the different tools that we use as part of our maintenance activities so the very top left photo you see that department trust what what what it's drawing is what we call a chain harrow and a chain harrow suddenly looks like a section of chain length then with tines which are like sharp teeth I guess I guess you could call it like that and you basically drag it over the top surface of a gravel area and what ends up happening is the rock comes up top and then the stands will drop underneath that and so as you can see in the picture there's like a little section where you see this inundated with sand and then the adjacent areas you see that it doesn't look the same well that's because we we dragged it with the chain harrow and then the other picture that you see so like the top right and the bottom right are two different pieces of equipment that we have either designed and fabricated ourselves actually the pump shop has led by John Hunter so the bottom right photo shows that type of tractor equipment that he him and his guys came up with to help with the gravel maintenance the one up top is actually a commercial piece of equipment that's actually used to clean beaches actually but it actually was quite effective the only thing it ran kind of slow but that is an option to us for maintenance activities and then in terms of permanent sand fencing this is kind of a unique one we have about 20,000 linear feet of five foot can sand fence that we have installed out there and basically all is composed of in the bottom right you see a wooden post with some birds by from top and that's just to prevent perching of predatory birds and then you see to the right there's a huge aerial photo just like an overview of T1A1 and you see that the the the sand fencing is oriented to protect against the predominant wind direction and there's also gaps within the panels of sand fence as well as underneath the sand fence material as you can see in the top left and that's to allow wildlife access through the area and so basically maintenance and we operations there's really nothing that we have to do other than let's solve you know just let it be maintenance of just making sure that there's ever damage sections and panels of sand fence that we replace that sometimes with the high winds it brings in trash or tumbleweeds and things like that to the area plus we have extreme weather conditions so the really intense UV rays will kind of deteriorate that material over time so actually a couple years ago we ended up replacing the entire 20,000 linear feet of it of it and then the last slide that I wanted to share with you guys or talk about I'm sorry is about the operational constraints and challenges that we face as a way I think like a lot of the issues that we deal with are actually because of reasons that we really have no control over and that's environmental conditions and that includes like presence of those organic and sentiment that I was talking about in that raw aqueduct water that we pulled into our zone mainline it's the saline foil condition and it's the extreme and harsh weather conditions in terms of rain and temperatures and all that that we deal with so I think that this slide kind of best describes demonstrates I'm sorry some of the challenges that we face so actually in the top left you'll see two photos of a foreign after and this is of a gravel area T32 too and in a two week period of time I don't think you can tell but you can see that on the right side of two weeks later you'll see an area kind of like a like a light gray portion of it that's sand inundation so that's just over a two week period of time so but luckily we have means and methods for maintaining those areas so we are able to go in there and you know clean it up to make it to make to make it look nice and pretty in terms of the high winds also if you look to the bottom left you'll see like Jaime shared an example of a conic that flipped over well there's another one that ended up in one of our ponds and it basically obliterated a a hand hole that was in its path in terms of of of soil conditions the photo in the middle you'll see a gentleman that's trying to crawl away crawled way out of an area so he got he uh yeah he was pretty stuck there and so we have a joke at the lake not that anybody would actually really do it but they asked you have you ever been baptized now anybody asked you that please say no you're not interested because what that means is they'll take you to a little little area like such and then they you know you might find yourself in a similar predicament like I said nobody's actually ever done that but then another thing is about in terms of weather conditions extreme cold temperatures um you know you could have ice cold when you're crying and then actually the photo to the bottom right that's actually during the construction installation of our zonal mainline as you can tell it was snowing pretty cold and actually with the windshield factor I understand it was zero degrees out there they actually had to see welding um welding um welding work just because it was so cold and then just moving up from that you see kind of the middle right you can kind of see a truck there well if you can't really see it totally just because there's dense fog sometimes there could be heavy dense fog so that could make it a little bit tricky kind of driving around um there's 128 miles of berms and roadways and up top I don't know to me the guys were kind of laughing at me when I told them I was going to put this picture but but you'd actually see because there's like cattle ranchers like all around the area so you'll actually find a cow or two maybe in your pathway so that's kind of like an interesting thing but um but I think to speak a little bit more uh statistically on those environmental challenges in terms of water so um as I mentioned there's there's a lot of sediment and organic that um are present in the water that we that runs through the whole mainline we have filtration systems that we try our best to filter out the majority of it but like at the certain times of year it's really hot or whatever we find that stuff is making it pass that and continues on through our conveying system and then it causes issues out in the field um also too with the salts that are naturally occurring in that water we find that in some of our piping especially the plastic irrigation piping that we have in our sand sheet which was in the first phase that actually there will be calcification calcium buildup in the line and obviously that's not good restrict the flows and then pressure losses and our ability to get water to the different areas for dust control um also um okay so there's that and in terms of like weather conditions just basically when the rain don't seem to really be our friends uh you know they just lead generally lead to increased maintenance of areas um breakdown of areas so that that's that's not that's not ideal for us and then in terms of sailing flow conditions now I was going to crack a joke that you know salt's great on the state but it's not so great when it's mixing your soils because it creates really foggy foggy working conditions for us to be in um and especially when guys have to walk out like a half a mile or whatever to get into an area it just doesn't make it fun especially for this gentleman that's in this picture picture right here and also what happens with those saline soils at least the corrosion of our um you know our buried electrical mechanical equipment um we have about a protection to help prevent corrosion but obviously you know it's it's a pretty harsh environment so we that does create issues for us too as well and okay thank you