 So my name is Philip Thornton and I co-lead Component B of the programme for climate smart livestock and this is mostly to do around adaptation and livestock systems in the selected countries. Also with the links with policy processes at mostly a national level in the three countries, Ethiopia, Uganda and Kenya. And this is one of the few, maybe one of the first research programmes that Hillary has been involved with that's actually looking at livestock adaptation. There's a heavy preponderance of work done on crops and cropping systems but given that we all know the importance of livestock in small holder systems throughout sub-Saharan Africa, this always seems like in some ways it's a strange omission not to consider the livestock and the role that they play even within interactions with cropping systems. And so I think this programme, this project will go a long way to being a pilot for showing us how we can help to identify interventions that will help people who have livestock as part of their livelihood strategy but also how we can link their needs at the local level with higher level policy work at the national level. Again, given the recent or relatively recent signing of the Paris Agreement in 2015, many countries now have commitments under the Paris Agreement for adaptation and mitigation targets. The focus over the last, even the last 20 years has very much been on mitigation. This is now an opportunity to get adaptation really onto the table and one thing that the programme should be able to help is to help national governments prioritise what they should be, if you like, what interventions will provide the best bang for the buck, if you like. So what are the most effective ways of helping small holders become more productive in the future while also minimising the environmental footprint of livestock and landscapes. It's an exciting project because of this, it's new, it's novel and as a result I think a lot of people are very interested in the project and so there's a lot riding on how we do and so I see this is a very important step forward because it's really, if you like, opening up the agenda to bring livestock fully or more fully into the whole adaptation discourse and that's really important. We're going to start off with some future meetings in each of the three countries at the research sites and these are really where we get local people to tell us what are their aspirations for the future, how do they see their livelihoods, their locality, their farming system, how do they see these changing in the future because we all know climate change is a big driver of many things but there are many other drivers too around population growth, increased urbanisation so people are often tending to leave the rural areas to go to the city and this has all kinds of implications for small holders, threats for sure but also many opportunities and so trying to get all of us thinking a little outside the box then what are the sorts of futures that we'd like to see in some of these rural areas and then from that we'll be doing an analytic work that can then help us to really identify for these particular communities what are some of the things that could really help around adaptation and then at the same time in fact a little later in the process we'll be working at the national government level and we'll feed back some of this information about what local people are what are they feeling about the future are they feeling optimistic or pessimistic or what are some of the things that the programme can put in place that can perhaps start to move some of these communities more towards where they'd like to see themselves being and so I think for me that's an exciting thing doing this linkage because too often policies it comes from the top down and it's sort of imposed on local communities but actually giving local communities a say in what they think should be happening that's exciting