 So welcome everyone to our final webinar of this series. This is our 11th And if you missed any of the earlier webinars, please go to our field to fork website We now have 35 archived webinars available So today joining me actually in my office is Todd Weidman Todd has a master's degree in agriculture with an emphasis in horticulture from NDSU He's a lifelong gardener and he has a lot of experience in both traditional gardening and square foot gardening And he's really fun to listen to so I hope that you find what he has to say today useful So Todd come on over Thanks, Julie. There'll be a little extra something in your pay for that We're gonna get started here and it should be pretty good. I believe this is the last one. Yes, okay All right. We'll skip this part There's a short survey that you want to complete later. It's um, it's very easy to fill out I've done it so I think anyone probably could and you have the opportunity to win a prize for a dry Definitely worth your time to fill the survey out. I'm gonna start with this picture here It is a very typical raised bed using the square foot gardening method There is so much savings with when we'll get into that when you use this type of Method and also the added advantage that for example if it rains if you look at this picture You can see that you can walk right out there and I'm harvest or look at your garden and not be in the mud you're not pushing down the soil destroying the tilth and Each of these little squares of the zone and we'll get into that a little bit more Why would anyone want to do this? You can grow and and for example, you had a let's say a traditional garden where you have rows You do you grow about 100% of that garden in 20% of the space. So it's quite remarkable About a fifth of what it would take to grow in your traditional garden. You can grow in a raised or a square foot garden Type of a method you do a lot less work 2% of the work Not exactly sure if that's exactly accurate, but there is a lot less work You don't know if you don't know what size to start with I would start with a 4 by 4 Just to get going Many people like to do a 5 foot wide the reason you do a 4 by 4 or 4 foot by I have 4 foot by 10 feet and 2 and a half feet high the reason that it's 4 feet is because the average adult can reach out 2 and a half feet and You have it 4 feet You're not crawling in the bed if you have for example a 5 foot Many times I've seen people build these and they're actually crawling in the bed and kind of defeating the purpose of having the garden Many people wonder well, you know, I want to plant but I don't really know how to do it Is it just the absence of rose? Well, it is the absence of rose, but it also is if you take your garden package Seed for example where you buy your directions on your garden packet You look at that and it'll say for example nine inches between plants in the row So then you keep that nine inches away from all plants in the garden And if you know and then for example, if it's you don't have to worry about the roll part because there is no roll So you're actually using that space Here's a nice grid with a 4 by 4 garden sample 4 feet by 4 feet You have 16 zones in this and in each zone you could theoretically plant a completely different crop or flowers or vegetables And you quite well as well as you just pretended that in that one foot by one foot area That's where for example the top left say you planted all radishes in there Follow the directions on the packets how far apart a radish should be from the next radish in the row You can get quite a number of radishes in there now someone say what if I want to grow a tomato? A tomato will actually take up about one and a half in in two direction or three directions actually type of a thing so the tomato will take up quite a bit of the garden here But if you had something like beans, maybe you get maybe two in there or peppers Maybe three depending on the type maybe two and it's very nice and you save a lot that way Here's kind of a nice colored one. I Put this one after it so you can kind of see for example if somebody had oh Let's say you had little tiny things where you put them, you know 16 in a block versus one versus four versus two so you get a general idea of how the plants might look in your garden And each little square is a zone We're gonna touch on these areas here as we're going through the project or through the presentation a Lot of questions I get especially when it comes to seeds is what kind to get there's there's a big But big debate but there is a lot of Unknown or confusion as far as hybrid versus open pollinated or heirloom varieties Hybrid mesh then both have their their uses and both are are good in this depending on the situation Hybrid vegetables are very nice Yeah, the stronger plants disease resistant higher yield many times over the flavor is not as good or maybe not as sweet They're not as strong and they are very good for shipping But as far as a very nice flavor, you know, it's a tomato But it's not as good as a flavor as for example an heirloom tomato And I guess that's it's not personal, but I think that many people would agree with me on that Now open pollen and also with a hybrid They will not come true to form so if you plant a Hybrid vegetable many times it'll have an F1 on the on the picture or on the back indicating that it's a cross They will not come true to form so what will happen is say you all had beautiful tomatoes. They were fantastic It's a hybrid you save the seed and next to your plant them It'll be a tomato, but it will not be the same as the one you had and it will not be in most cases the same quality Now the open pollinated or heirloom different flavors different colors Almost a rainbow full of colors for these Very nice different flavors that you don't always find However, they are not as strong a plant tend to get lower yields Not as much for disease resistance insects seem to attack them or I plant both just to get a variety but The open pollinated or heirloom you can also save the seeds providing has a cross with something so if you had And let's say you had yellow pear Tomatoes and it didn't cross anything. It'll come back true to form is yellow pear tomatoes again next year And even if they did cross for example with another hybrid I mean another heirloom like Walmart or something you should get a nice F1 hybrid out of it I'm not sure what it would look like, but it would be a good plant also Saving seeds or not, you know if you do it right you can actually save some money if you do it wrong You have a season of a plant that is not Worth growing I've tried this before I've seen squash seeds that I I should have known head cross with other squash and what I get is Kind of a stringy chunky Almost unedible or inedible type of a fruit or squash from the plants Instead of one that some that I expected So if you have the time and you know what you're doing sure save seeds But if you don't and then that's where the very heirloom are open pollinated But if you don't they're really not as expensive if you think about it for example, like you get a package of carrots There's usually between 150 to 400 carrots in a package that cost anywhere from a dime to a dollar ten That's a lot of carrots. And so something to really think about Here's just some pictures of heirloom a lot of times they they throw organic in there But that's a completely different topic just because it says it's organic doesn't mean that it's heirloom a lot of times They're kind of slid in the same area Hi, Brad. We we discussed those and You can't see on this. I do have a I think a fuzzy picture that's coming up here with an F1 on it You know the very next picture if you close one eye you can probably see I'm above the carrot It says F1 and that means that it's a cross between one heirloom and another heirloom and they develop this really tough super Strong diseases that then I yielding carrot Look at the one on the right here Kentucky Wonder Beans are heirloom In almost all cases they will say whether or not they're heirloom or hybrid on there They like to both both both types of seeds on are usually have that on their on their on their package when you buy them Sometimes people like to plant things in containers It's like a little tiny raised bed or square foot garden if you know one foot by one foot container as you can see in the bottom Right here But if you do do that and you want to just start with that or you just want to start with these and move them out later There are some things to think about with your containers Which one is right a lot of times people will go by. Oh, that's so cute. You know nice little metal container there in the middle Metal tends to heat up in the sun and you can actually cook your plants with a with a nice metal container This is I can say cute because I have daughters, but this is a very nice little cute container The problem is though and if someone was here, I would ask them, but um, there is a problem with this container There was no drainage here. We have one with drainage, but It's um glazed over and with a clay pot a lot of times instead of glazing over before you said to do that They were for pulling the salts out of the soil So you'd have your plant in a clay pot for example, you'd water it next thing you're gonna get a white residue on the outside And that's very good for the plant not as nice looking for the homeowner, but very good for the plant We talked about drainage and I kind of gave away the next one here why water so water comes out the bottom The reason that you water so that water will come out of the bottom is that the water that we have here And in many areas has just a tiny little bit of salt in there And so if you're thinking oh, I'm gonna save water and not You know water so water comes out the bottom I will Guarantee you that after a while once you hit that water layer or where the water always stopped You'll actually create a salt water area and your plant will suffer or die from that Sometimes people will take the water that came out of the bottom and try to run it through again Um, you're just you're defeating the purpose of removing the salts by that Basically, you're just reapplying the salts and it will get salting and saltier as as time goes on Here's just a picture of some holes in the bottom of container Sometimes people will have containers and they'll say well then the soil comes out if there's holes in there What I do is I'll take a coffee filter just um I think they're Like maybe a hundredth of a penny each and they're very inexpensive and I'll stick that in there and that will stop the soil from from running out the bottom Different types of containers some of them you can actually plant so if you had your little raised bed square foot garden you could plant this and um the plants roots in theory will eventually break through this coconut core And um, you're done. You don't have to try to cut it out or dig it out of there Pete Moss has been around for a long time newspapers is one too that they're they're starting to Um, where you take like almost like a mortar pestle type of a device and make them Um, these will we'll also work for that commercially they they grow them in cells Um, I think it's usually 72 cells or so that there are there isn't a tray And they grow them that way and as you can see each one has at least two draining tools in the bottom If you like if you're into recycling, um, here's here's an example of where someone has taken a Melk carton cut it down made a little tray out of it. There is drainage holes in the bottom of it and Little happen is for example, these are onions The like a whole package was sprinkled in there when they're about this size they will take and cut apart the Plastic container and gently put them each in their own little pot or plant them in the cells of your raised bed garden and Um One thing what just a little aside here when you plant onions in there you plant them for example a couple inches apart and every Week you harvest three or four pretty soon. Um toward the end of the year You might even have to do a little bit more than that depending on how many put in there um You'll have just three large onions if you if you kind of space them out say okay This one this one on this one i'm gonna leave in there But as the time goes on i'm gonna harvest everything in this because it's gonna be too tight as the plant grows And that's kind of a fun way of growing onions Here's um another um, you know for commercial you can um put them in your pots like that The the container on the bottom of the darker black actually is a tray for collecting water and it's something that you could if you um Had plenty of water dump it out and not use it But these are getting close to being um re repotted not quite though. We'll get into that here Here's some little plants that are in a um Oh coconut core or peat moss type trays and um then they're separated out and and these can be directly planted right into your into your garden Here's a side view of those Growing in containers is very similar to growing in a raised bed. Um you need to have enough room If you put um for example two tomatoes in a container this size they um, they'll actually compete with each other like a weed Here's um just proof that it can't be done As far as uh raised bed same rules as a container We kind of went through that good drainage appropriate size. We're going to talk now about the the right soil and appropriate material for the bed Here's a nice little, you know raised bed type of um If you can see there they they've got a trellis and the the vine crop is growing up on that And so and you have a little raised bed um having a trellis in there is a nice way to grow your vine crops And I have even seen pumpkins growing on there. Their stem gets um quite thick or deep I guess um As far as the the diameter or circumference of the stem compared to a regular pumpkin grown on the ground But um they they will hang in in there if you're if your support is strong enough Here I went out and um got some pictures of raised beds They are a little bit um There's still snow on the ground when I took these pictures if you look at the one that's kind of in the right center That is a smaller one. Um, they're they're all four feet wide. Um, the one except for the tall one to the left That's a little bit narrower. They're four feet wide. This looks like a four by four bed and um very nice to work with Here's an example of somebody just throwing a little bit of wood in there to make it kind of an art As soon as the snow falls, I'm sure that there'll be a beautiful little raised bed there I'm not going to say where I took this but um it is in the area here If you live in the country or on a farm or what have you um, this is something I did when I was a Kid in high school or actually I'm just being in college my mom wanted raised beds And so I pulled all the stock tanks we had when dad was gone out to um a nice um, oh roll And um made a very nice area with them kind of hole in the bottom with an axe fill them with soil planted them and left and um, they're very nice for that They worked very well nice depth easy to you don't have to bend over anything and um after a couple years I was allowed to come back So it worked out all right What can they be made of um if you have um plenty of resources cedar of course fantastic It just seems to last forever. However, if you're like me a little bit low on the resources on pine pressure treated wood Pine is nice because it's very inexpensive even new and after it's done you can just um It just kind of rots. It's a very very inexpensive used pine Metal or plastic, um, I would go for something that was animal or food grade approved Any concrete or stone, but it gets kind of expensive and it's not really movable once you put it in there What not to use You're chemically treated contaminated wood Railroad ties all of these things have been have been known to cause problems with People's health when they eat the vegetables out of there I would not recommend it and if you had something like that I would definitely um Put in a different type of a system than these What should you use in there? Well, you can put almost anything in there. You have um, it's a nice type a personality type of project You can put in whatever you want. However Um, I recommend if if you're brand new at this, um, purchasing purchasing some nice, um, either just regular top soil or Some soil that's already been made by for example a nursery That they they have bagged up nicely with different types of things besides top. So they might have vermiculite or perlite some type of volcanic rock peat moss coconut core humus Yeah, I always say humus. It's not humus. It's humus um type of a there's there's just tons of different things they can put in there and so You can do that It can be expensive So I would shop around a lot of times I'll go to a nursery and say hey What do you use for yours if they had one there and they tell me and that's what I do and it always seems to work out good It's nice and clean. Um, and it's ready to use. You don't have to stir it You don't have to add fertilizer is and you can ask them if they have fertilizer But usually a lot of times it comes with that Talking about that a little bit one thing things to avoid bones meat and cheese It tracks rodents and I'm talking about rats and other other undesirable creatures Um, definitely don't put those in there. Um, you don't want to Um Be known as the place that has all the rodents basically um disease plant materials. Um, so nation, for example Your tomatoes peppers egg planted potatoes or an eight shade family You don't want to put those in there because they they share the similar diseases and you don't want that Basically to inoculate yourself with um a blight or what have you from a disease plant You know, you're rotated to one of their the cousins of the of the so nation. They're still more likely to get those diseases and Very very very difficult to get rid of weeds a lot of times people say, well, I'm going to throw weeds in there They have a use however if your weeds have for example seeds on them You are making a really big problem or for example in the summertime So you're cutting up a purslane weed. You throw it in there. It's almost like a starfish You cut it in 10 pieces. You'll have 10 little purse lanes growing. Um, so I won't recommend putting weeds in there Chemically treated grass clippings. For example, you spray it along for dining lines This little what have you um a lot of times that will hold on to that On the on the grass clippings and then when you put grass clippings on your garden that you've treated with Whatever type of broadleaf killer you've now inoculated your garden The majority of the plants that you plant out there will be broadleaves and um You have a number of different um mutations and undesirable results from that. So I wanted to use that Um wood chips seems like a great idea. However, the carbon and nitrogen ratio is um, I think it's 40 to 1 And so you have a lot of carbon for nitrogen and the little creatures the flora and the fauna Bacteria and what have you in the soil that's trying to eat the wood chips will actually Need a lot of nitrogen to break it down before they die and become plant food Kind of a circle of life or life cycle thing takes a long time if you had five years And you did the first year and not the next four it would work out really good But nobody really does that and so I would avoid wood chips A lot of times when you get it, um, it'll have nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium You're macronutrients that are in in majority of fertilizers and there'll be some some micronutrients You don't want to put a lot of the micronutrients on there You can get some mutated plants from that Dead plants um dead zones. How you know if it has nitrogen phosphorus and potassium More than likely you're pretty good. The other ones are such a low level that you need that. Um, it's a good chance. It's already in there Spagnum peat moss perlite volcanic rock. That's nice for um, lightning it up and giving it good tilt Giving a lot of um spaces for oxygen and water to percolate through there And so that's nice to help um loosen up the soil people who use coconut core Um, other, you know, extra topsoil. There's there's a lot of things you can put in there um So I guess what I would do is you find somebody that has one that that you really like ask them what is in there And then maybe consider that fertilizer a lot of times, um, I get questions people want to make their own fertilizer Like combining different types of fertilizer. It's it's just a nightmare Um, what I would do is just buy it at the rate that you like Like a 10 10 10 or 2020 20 you've got your nitrogen phosphorus and potassium and there's all there's a lot of different variations of that like like a 28 um 10 Two or what have you there's there's a lot of variations, but I would definitely um Personally if you're starting especially I would buy it. Um slow release or not slow release the slow release fertilizers are I love them I when I Start my garden in the spring. I'll put all kinds of slow release fertilizer according the directions out there And I'm done. I don't even bother. I you're you're done for the year It just slowly releases from these little pellets and works fantastic. I think If you are more advanced or or have more time you can go out and and personally, um at the right time of the year Fertilize your radish your your carrots your corn. What have you but um, I really don't have that kind of time And I really don't want to but I just use the slow release as far as organic or commercial I go whatever whatever one is cheaper and um seems to work out just fine Here's an example of um three numbers. This one just has nitrogen. So You see the point zero five zero zero. So that the first number is nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium Here's a picture of organic um fertilizer bat guano or bat droppings or bat whatever you want to put in there Another 13 Four and 13 for the nitrogen phosphorus and potassium mainly you follow the directions and it it works pretty good See we talked about this Light Love sunflowers and them And so As far as light your your best light for these is sunlight obviously and if it's outside and you've got a raised bed or a square foot garden Or are you in a traditional garden sunlight? Eight hours of sunlight you can grow almost everything A lot of people say well, it's really good sunlight. I don't know what that means So I've got two really good hours of sunlight So I don't you know to me if it's like two hours of sunlight and it's just sun And you have two hours of sunlight some other place and it's just sun It's to me. It's still the same sun and I don't understand where the good comes from Without it you get a lot of yield diminished plant death Sometimes I'll see people will plant a little garden or raise a bed of garden underneath a tree And I've always been wondered about that. Um, you know, I'll put um garden in a Direct competition with a very large plant that will steal all the water all the nutrients all the light And um something has to lose there. So don't put them underneath trees Here's when you're starting your plants. Um, the grow lights are a lot better than they used to be a lot lighter a lot cleaner and Very nice to work with easy to get But also movable so you can move them up and down I like to keep them anywhere between two or three inches above the plant and as the plant grows I'll I'll pull it higher not that I'm concerned that it's going to burn the plant But the plant will actually try to grow into it and then um, it's hard to separate the plant from the light bulbs as it's Kind of work its way around in there. So I would definitely keep an eye on Seedlings here's just a picture of six seeds that were planted Uh at different times and you can see is as it's growing and you might think well The one on the far right is ready to transplant and actually it's not um the two Leaves are not actually leaves that you see there But actually part of the cotyledon and they're they're providing food for the plant So I would not say I would say you definitely um shouldn't transplant yet here talked about this You don't want to fertilize into your true leaves form. It's kind of a waste of time It might it'll help a little bit, but I would wait to your true leaves form. Here's an example of true leaves There's a tomato If you look um, it almost makes like a t or an x the the two the two that are um serrated or lobed Type of leaves are the actual first true leaves. They came after the cotyledons or the pseudo or false leaves that you see on the sides and Now I would say you could throw a little fertilizer in there You might be wondering how much I would do about Maybe a half to a fourth strength just to get them started If you do too much and you kill them well, you're kind of out of luck So by doing half strength and then increasing as time goes on It goes pretty good, but once once a week or once every two weeks Hardening off. This is something that for whatever reason I hate doing It is the right thing to do You have your plants growing you want to move them out You do need to give them some time to grow In a little bit harsher environment you're protected a very Safe environment with nothing bothering them ever always getting the right amount of food water You move them out to the harsh climate of the outside and they can die So what I would do is um I like to take them and put them in the shade underneath some shrubs or in the shade Underneath the deck or someplace where they're outside but the shade and maybe a little breeze hits them And then the next day a little more and a little more and after about a week or so Depending on how fast you want to get them out. They should be ready to The plant biggest thing is don't let them dry out. They are Used to being in a non-windy environment and they can dry out quite quickly So you'll have to check them a few times during the day to make sure they're not dry Not drying out If someone was here, I would say, um, are these ready to transplant or not? I cast Julie but she's being nice to me. So I won't torture her with this today Um, obviously not. You can you see some of them haven't even come up yet. These are not ready to transplant. They don't have the trees Here's a couple of publications that um, I think are very good that would help you with this presentation They are linked on the site and um, what worth your time to to look at Here's a picture of this again. Um, just to reiterate what we went through if you look it's um, non-treated wood And I would say this is probably I'm just guessing, you know between You know foot and a half two feet high It's it's marked off in zones. And so it's got One two three four five six seven eight by four. So there's 32 zones here Very nice area. Obviously it's four feet wide. Um, you don't have to do this string method I have done both ways. I like the string method because to me it's like, yeah, I got a little zone out here But it really isn't required for that And you could in each zone you can plant something different and it's very nice or you can plant the same thing It doesn't really matter. I like to when I do this here I like to throw a flower in there once in a while just for something a little different And um, make sure the biggest thing is to follow direction with that now, you notice there's no There's no tilt problem because you're not actually climbing into the bed You come from the side you have weed in there. You just pull it out throw it on the lawn and grind it up later with the lawnmower Then you water you you save a lot with water and fertilizer and sunlight isn't wasted because the plants don't have rows where that's all wasted on You control the type of soil and fertilizer that goes with this also so Very nice way of doing it. Are there questions? You can type in the chat. All right Let's see here So if anyone has questions if you want to take them in the chat if you if you've fallen asleep Maybe tell me what temperature it is where you're at now but um, otherwise I'm I'm ready to be grilled for questions on raised beds or square foot gardening One thing that doesn't work well in these types of gardens. I found is corn Corn needs several other plants for pollination and a nice block If you plant corn in a row you do not get a good yield Maybe these kernels won't get pollinated because it's been pollinated. So corn doesn't do well in here You know in certain large vine crops that will wipe out your garden There are also plants that you won't want to put in here. I know Sometimes people have you know, for example, I what I do is I'll grow them on a trellis that's hooked onto the bed For example, my cucumbers and they stay off the ground nice and clean And they they do well on a trellis and in pole beans too, obviously So you can save a lot of space by um by trellis and in these little square foot raised beds How many tomatoes can I plant in a four by four square? Now four by four square I say I would say that you probably get Maybe two Tomatoes in there. Um, the problem is that they get so big they'll crush each other out So um, if you do a little pinching and stuff you might be able to get three in there Like you train them so that they they go like a nice straight up trellis Here's a question. Have you tried combining raised beds with low tunnel production to grow vegetables almost year round I have um, my wife actually bought me a low tunnel this year and we stuck it out the other night As far as year round, um, that would um, they would freeze hard as a rock in the wintertime You know, it just It wouldn't be able to handle our our cold hard winters But if you had a low tunnel you could get an extra two weeks of growth in this in the beginning And two weeks of growth in the end of the year right around there, you know, not exactly maybe so, you know between a Three-fourths of a month and a month extra growth on that What is your oops should you rotate crops between raised beds on a yearly basis? Um, I'm very strong. Um proponent of rotating your crops And so if you have a little sheet of paper you can make a map And say for example, you had beans and peas and carrots here Next year and you want to throw a tomato in there, you know, I just rotate it And you break the disease cycles and insect cycles that are there. So yes, I would definitely rotate crops every year What's your thought on the use of germinating mats for seedlings? When do plants come off the mat? I like a germinating mat for seedlings. So what is that? That is a Basically, it's almost like an electric blanket, but it's not it's a plant that or a mat That's for growing that you put underneath your seedlings when they're starting Gives it a nice warm temperature and the plants just take off I would you know, for example, if you're if you got your first First or second set of true leaves I would take it off then Just to kind of tough them up for the outside world as far as when to when to take it off Best method to keep rabbits and gophers out of raised beds A lot of times the raised bed itself will keep out the rabbits of the gophers Maybe not the gophers up, you know, for example, I have a two and a half foot high raised bed And I also have a A foot high raised bed and the two and a half high one. I've never had any Animals in there. Now the foot one I have I've had rabbits and And more rabbits in there, I guess the best thing for that would be fencing you can buy different products Plants skid sometimes helps Sometimes the smell is so harsh though that you wish you'd never done it my opinion and then also dried blood and get that from the nurseries and Probably dried blood though. It seems to attract dogs And so if you have dogs, they'll always be jumping around in your garden Not as fun as you think So I would say you know chicken wire, which is unsightly is a nice way of doing it But a lot of times people don't want to do that because of the unsightliness but maybe that'll become a popular thing and Everyone can do it. So any other questions these are These have been real mind-stimulating and and good I'm sure that there's probably a few others that are starting to wake up now. So if you We have some more questions you can sure ask. Otherwise Well, one other thing for creatures as far as keeping them out of there one year I planted in my regular garden I put in sweet corn and I put in 10 rows of sweet corn and it just never came up I thought all of the soil was too cold and it rotted. So I replanted and Other week went by nothing and I it's like, where is this going? I dug down. I could not find a single seed And so after the fourth time I replanted the sweet corn I turned around and looked in all the morning doves in the neighborhood just flew down and went right down the row and ate every kernel of corn I put out there and so I went out and um got some chicken wire and I planted it immediately put chicken wire over the top of it And um, they just sat on the on the chain link fence next to include include we cannot get at it and um Probably not the best for them, but um They had eaten so much corn now they could barely fly. So It was pretty good We'll raise beds require less water in the traditional gardening methods They will require less watering instead of like for example, let's see water in traditional garden Your um, your water will go in between the rows, which is a huge waste Or for water It just can't be helped you could try and do like um, for example, all different types of watering tapes and such but if you um, just water traditionally with a sprinkler or I don't think anyone does floodgarden in here, but um with a sprinkler. There's a lot of waste with that I would say, you know, I think um At least a 20 percent I would say um for me more realistically for me. I guess it'd be more like a 50 percent savings in water with Um with watering in the raised bed just because um, not maybe with a square foot method now with a raised bed Okay, I think I spoke wrong there that that was for a um square footgarden Now with a raised bed, you actually have to water a little bit more The reason being is that it um dries out quicker and so that's um That's why you'd probably do a little bit more. You'll figure it out and go from there We've had great success raising garlic in raised beds Um, I've had some success too as long as um, I've grown in the middle sometimes when I've grown it toward the edge of the bed The the roots of the garlic has gotten cold and the garlic has actually Not come back or rotted over the winter or in the spring So if you're gonna try to plant something like garlic I would try it in the very middle of the raised bed and then kind of branch out from there Just keep in mind that it's possible that it'll die One thing too a lot of people don't realize a little aside here that you can grow garlic here You harvest the usually I harvest my garlic in first part of july And then I'll I'll take it. I'll brush it off. You don't wash it and I'll stick in the garage in a cool Not really cool, but a dark place After I brush out the soil and then it'll dry up a little more and I'll brush off more soil And then in the fall probably about october I will break them apart and the really big healthy ones I'll plant And the rest I'll eat and start up the cycle again But once again rotating that is is the way to go any other questions if not, um We'll just wrap this up and make sure you do your surveys so that you win Well, thank you again everyone for joining us. Um By the way, my name is julie garden robinson and I've been coordinating this series And we're especially interested on the survey in you telling us what future Future webinars that you're interested in that's how we get the ideas So please check out those archived webinars and all of the various nutrition food safety and horticulture publications We have on the field to fork site And I think we'll wrap it up for today I'm sure Todd would be delighted to hear from you in the future if you have other questions He'd love it. So thanks again everyone and Hope to catch you next time that we start our webinar series probably in the fall or for sure next winter Thanks