 تشرف بالاشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا لا وياله من شراف عظيمي بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله أما بعد السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته بردس and sisters Welcome back to our Q&A Ramadan Session with أستاذ أبرحمن حسن The first question is Does backbiting and tail-bearing break the fast? Me and some brothers had a discussion over this and they used this hadith as an evidence Abu Harira reported that the Prophet SAW said If one does not eschew lies and false conduct Allah has no need that he should abstain from his food and drink Narrated by Al-Bukhari الحمد لله رب العالمين له الحمد الحسن والثناء الجميل وأشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول الحق وهو يهدي السبيل وأشهد أن سيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين لهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد Fasting is a form of worship عبادة بها أن نتكلم الله سبحانه وتعالى بإمكانه من كل شيء that will cause our fasting to break from sunset to sunrise from sunrise to sunset من طلع الفجر الصادق إلى غروب الشمس from sunrise to sunset حتى مغرب which is sunset ما يدخل here is of two things that we hold from إمساك إمساك حسي it's a tangible thing that you have to hold away from and there are also things which are إمساك معنوي إمساك حسي is that you have to stay away from his food drinking and sexual intercourse those three are tangible physical things that you're told to withhold from the second form of thing that you need to hold away from is إمساك معنوي now it's not tangible but it's more spiritual it is staying away from speech which are prohibited false testimony, lying, backbiting tell bearing, insulting and also speaking in foul language and also coming with الجهل الجهل in الحديث means الذي who will ضد الحلم it's the opposite of forbearance it's when the person actually loses his composure now all of those are إمساك معنوي they are things which you have to hold off not only in رمضان but also outside as the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم told us من كان يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر فليقول خيرا أو ليسمط that whichever of you who believes in Allah and the day of judgment say that which is good or be silent also the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم specifically told us in رمضان وإذا كان يوم صوم أحدكم فلا يرفث ولا يسخب فإن سابه أحد أو قاتله فليقول إن مرء صائم the prophet said to us that if it's a day which you're fasting then don't insult don't use foul language don't lose your composure okay and don't fight back rather respond by saying إن مرء صائم I am a fasting person I don't want to indulge into your ignorance the Hadith that our beloved brothers have brought forward of the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم the Hadith of the Qur'an من لم يدع قول الزور والعمل به والجهلة فليس للا يحاجة أن يدع طعامه وشرابه الإمام أمير الصناعري ورحمه الله he commented on this and he commented on this in his سبول السلام which is a shahrح of bulugul maram the second volume page 320 he says الحديث دليل this hadith is an evidence على تحريم الكذب والعمل به that you're lying you see وتحريم السفه وتحريمي and the prohibition from a person being dimwitted السفه على الصائمي the person who is fasting وهما محرمان على غير الصائمي أيضا and it was also prohibited from the one who is not fasting إلا أن التحريم في حقيقة كتاكد التحريم الزنا من الشيخ والخيالاء من الفقيري it is forbidden in regards to the person who is fasting outside the Ramadan but it is even more emphasized when Ramadan comes in just like an elderly person زينا is more emphasized for him not to come with it because there is no da'id there is nothing calling him to do it and also a فقير a poor person to be arrogant there is nothing forcing him or her to be arrogant so the person who is fasting to come with these things is emphasized more on and that is why the Prophet said this the reason why they are stated is not because they nullify your fasting it is because the fact of Ramadan entering has made this more serious in terms of its prohibition anyone who is looking for his fasting to be complete you have to come with the withholding of the two things that I mentioned إمساق حسي and the إمساق which is معنوي once you've come with those two the إمساق حسي being drinking and eating and having suction and of course you stay away from that and also trying to vomit deliberately that falls on the إمساق حسي okay and of course women and then he fasts a close need to bleeding all of that falls under مفترات which are حسي and also the second one which is the إمساق which is things on what that are معنوي such as watching your mouth and making sure you observe your mouth, your eyes, your ears all of those are things that a person has to withhold from this حديث doesn't show in any way full more shape that it breaks so fast some people they misunderstood the hadith of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and what they said was that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم has said and so they said this حديث اعتبار المفهوم they took a reverse understanding that Allah تبارك وتعالى he requires the actions of his slaves and so with this حديث we say this حديث it doesn't have a مفهوم to it in other words there's no reverse understand that can be taken out of it which is that الله تبارك وتعالى requires the actions of his slaves الإمام ابن قدامة رحمه الله he transmitted an إجماع that backbiting and tail bearing and action speeches like that don't break your fasting و لذلك he said backbiting does not break your fasting by consents so it is not correct to take that حديث and understand it as opposite to the consents that's already there but it is amazing that ابن قدامة brings the إجماع even though there is الإمام الأوزاعي رحمه الله إمام أهل الشان who had an understanding opposite to this إجماع which is that he said that backbiting it breaks your fasting it nullifies your fasting and it is obligatory for you to bring it back but scholars they looked at where he got that understanding from and they said he didn't get the understanding from the حديث and our brothers have presented in the question rather he used a حديث which is بعيف that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم has attributed him that he said five things they break the fasting of the one who is fasting so this حديث five things this حديث is weak it is weak and the reason why it's chain of narration is weak is because زي العين is Kitab نصب الراية he says رواه ابن الجوزي في الموضوعات من حديث عن بسة وقال هذا حديث الموضوع وقال ابن معين سعيده زي نتشين إذا كداب the same ابن أبي حاتم إنه زعل إذا سألت أبي عن حديث رواه بقية عن محمد ابن الحجاج عن ميسرة ابن عبد ربه عن جابان عن أنس أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال خمس يفطرنا الصائم فذكره فقال أبي إن هذا كذيب وميسرة كان يفتعل الحديث so two individuals all of the sorry two imams ابن الجوزي رحمه الله وإن ابن أبي حاتم who brings it from his father أبو حاتم الرازيو so the حديث من حيث is weak also أنه قابل للتأويل even if we accept that it's authentic it could also be understood it has an interpretation an explanation for it which رحمه الله he says الحديث باطل لا يحتج به الحديث is it can't be uses any evidence وأجاب عنه الماوردي والمتولي وغيرهما بأن المرادة بطلال الثواب لا نفس صومي that نوع رحمه الله he said الحديث is but he said ماوردي المتولي other than them have given مرنص صائمة it doesn't mean a soul نفسه it doesn't mean the fasting in and within itself is what's nullified rather what is nullified is the what is nullified is the reward that is in the fasting نعم the second question is my wife's means is finished but she didn't purify but she didn't purify herself due to deficiency of water so she planned to delay it but due to errands she was unable to purify herself until Salat al-Maghrib is her fasting correct okay this question it needs to be tackled from two different sides one is connected to the fasting and one is connected to the prayer so let's start with the one that is least of the two which is the fasting as for her fasting after her menses comes to an end what is correct is after her menses comes to an end what is correct is there is no need to condition al-ghusl for the fasting we already tackled that before like غusl is not a condition for the fasting as for the hadith that says من أصبح جنوبا فلا يصوم that the one who wakes up in the state of Janaba he shouldn't fast this hadith is من سوخ it's abrogated with what حديث عائشة و أم مسلمة it's abrogated on the hadith of عائشة أن أم مسلمة رضي الله تعالى عنهما which they said أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يدريكه الفجر وهو جنوبا من أهله ثم يغتسل و يصوم that the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم فجر he would reach Fajr whilst in a state of Janaba from his family I mean yeah intercostal hadith his wife ثم يغتسل و يصوم and then after that the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم he would shower and clean himself عليه السلام and he would fast so if you haven't come with غسل from the night before and fasting comes and hits you then there's nothing upon you you have to bring back that fasting you have to carry a fasting because there's the hadith that I narrated right now of Aisha and Umm Salama صحيحين okay Imam Muslim he increased a word which is the hadith which is و لا يقضي you don't have to pay back I mean he never used to pay back عليه السلام so the person who falls into this situation doesn't have to pay back okay but what is more befitting is for an individual to make sure that they are in a state of purity that they should clean themselves it should look after the in order to be ready for Allah و تعالى الله says in the Qur'an و لا تقربوهن حتى يطورنا فإذا تطاحفنا فأتوهن من حيث أمركم الله that the person when they clean themselves after the the men's finishes for the woman she cleanses herself straight away okay based on this ayah that her husband can't come close to her unless she cleans herself so it's better that as soon as she comes off her menses that she's clean straight away okay and this of course shows she shows completeness but her fasting is correct whether it's a janaaba for a male or female or whether it is a menses for the woman or even postnatal be leading or any other bleeding now we come on to the other side which is the issue pertaining to her Salah Salah being the best action there is after the shahadatan after the shahadatan which is the best action that a person come with is sorry it's Salah and the prophet SAW told us اول ما يحاسبه به العبد يوم القيامة الصلاة فإن صالحة صالح له سائر وعمله وانفسده فسده سائر وعمله that the first thing a person will be accounted for accounted for the day of judgment is their prayer if your prayer makes it through and your prosperous in your prayer then every other action for you is prosperous وانفسده and if you've become short and corrupt in your prayer then very little all your other actions are corrupt so the Salah is a very powerful action and what we know is that the action of the Salah is a prerequisite before it that a person has to come which is a shard a condition and that is الوضو and the purity is what's needed from you if a person is unable to do it and they're not able to come with وضو they come with now this sister if her situation was that she was unable in the sense where she had no water to do it then this is عذر شرعي the Sharia has given her an excuse but if it was because of her you know negligence because of the fact that she wasn't given it it's important then she's in a very serious situation and she needs to fear الله سبحانه وتعالى and this is a very common trend when it comes to women that they finish their menses and they sit about Salahs go by and Tahara hasn't been done yet so when the menses is over the woman should clean herself straight away and she should fear الله سبحانه وتعالى that is very important و العلم عند الله knowledges with Allah the third question is I'm a single sister from a very poor family background I have a serious illness that permits for me not to observe Ramadan and I cannot pay al-Fidia so what is the ruling regarding my affairs? this sister if her illness is a temporary illness then she has to bring back that fasting by fasting another time because Allah سبحانه وتعالى says in the Quran that whichever of you is ill or is upon a journey then you have to bring up other days to come as for if the illness that she has is a chronic illness it is a permanent illness and upon her is Fidia Fidia meaning she has to feed every single day نصف صاع نصف صاع is what one kilogram of دقيق one kilogram and if she's unable to and she hasn't got the ability to do so then Allah سبحانه وتعالى he says in the Quran that Allah does not burden a soul more than that which he can more than that which he can bear also Allah says in another ayah نزورة الطلاق لا يوكلف الله نفسا إلا ما آتها so the person has to come with that which is in accordance to their ability and if this sister is saying I am a sister who is very poor and I have no financial ability to do that then she's forgiven but if she ever gets finance in her life when she doesn't have it if she dies without ever making money without ever having money then لا يوكلف الله نفسا إلا وصع but if she ever gains this gains money then this is what يبقى في المتها it was on her neck if she makes money and she gets money then she has to pay back those Ramadans that were missing from from her she has to pay back those Ramadans that are missing from her even if it's 20 years on that line and she makes money this is a responsibility that is on her it's on her shoulder she has to pay back but if she dies then Allah does not burden a soul more than that which he can bear والألم عند الله إن شاء الله will stop there be in the evening الله الكريم سبحانك اللهم أحمدك شدوا الله إلهي الله استغفروا كا واتوب إليه