 Dear students, in this module, we are going to discuss a very interesting question. What happens when religion and culture conflict? Conflict can arise when religious beliefs and practices clash with different cultural norms and values. Religious institutions may be resistant to change in response to cultural shifts leading to tension and conflict. And similarly, cultural practices that conflict with religious beliefs can also lead to tension and conflict within a society. If we look at the Pakistani Mosque, there are a lot of religions that do not have any special relations or religious ideology does not verify those religions or beliefs. But despite this, people's faith or belief is based on those religions. That is why they believe that this is also part of our religious beliefs. We often see such religions practiced in the mosques, especially in Pakistan. For example, when we look at the wedding pictures, the ideological aspect of the wedding pictures is that your wedding is a wedding, then it is a religious wedding, and this should be done very honestly. But in this, our cultural values, especially our societal norms, are mixed with a lot of religions that do not know which religions are derived from the ideology of religion and which religions are derived from culture. And people are a victim of confusion in this regard. And some people have to face these kinds of religions in every situation. The logic behind this is that these pictures are a part of this religious ideological value. So it becomes very conflicting and becomes a source of problem for people that when religious and cultural values are amalgamated with each other, they create a sense of confusion and sometimes they are completely in opposition to each other. So negotiation and compromise may be necessary to resolve the conflict between religion and culture. And examples from Pakistan, we see that there is an arranged marriage, like in our tradition culture, the elders decide their children's marriages. Unfortunately, there are many rural areas where they are still not allowed to marry and their marriages are decided without their consent. When we look at religious ideology, the religion gives full permission that you have to take consent of the couple in every situation. So this is a conflicting value in our society, because of which there are clashes, especially youths who face this confusion. That what is the right way to practice our belief system, either we should believe our tradition or we should believe on our religion. Similarly, the use of Dori, which is not accepted in Islam, however, are traditional cultural practice, which is creating a sense of conflict between cultural and religious beliefs. Then the celebration of Valentine's Day, which is a recent phenomenon that Valentine's Day is practiced especially in urban elite class or urban educational institutions, which is in complete contradiction and in complete conflict with our Islamic religious ideology. So it is a full thought for you that you see that in Pakistan, there are many such practices, social practices, cultural practices, which are in conflict with our religious beliefs, but still they are being practiced in the name of culture or sometimes in the name of religion. So it is a full thought for you that you should clarify the distinction between them, observe them and see them in different media or social media, and especially observe the practices that are being practiced in the atmosphere of your religion, so you can make a list of the cultural values that are in conflict with our religious beliefs.