 This is a supine cadaver. I'm standing on the left side of the cadaver and the camera person is also on the left side First let us demonstrate the inguinal ligament and the inguinal region. We can see this muscle here This is the external oblique muscle on the left side. The external oblique muscle of the abdomen as it goes medially It becomes aponeurotic and we can see the aponeurosis here and here. We have split the aponeurosis We can see that the lower limit of the aponeurosis is this structure here, which is visible This is the inguinal ligament. This inguinal ligament is a very important structure It demarcates the abdomen from the thigh. It demarcates the so-called inguinal region It extends from the anterior superior iliac spine and goes all the way to the pubic tubercle This inguinal ligament and attached to this inguinal ligament is the facial at the thigh When I have turned the external oblique aponeurosis, we can see the same inguinal ligament has got an upturned Surface where my finger is located right now. This is called the pupard ligament This pupard ligament forms the floor of the inguinal canal Now I'm going to put my finger inside this and we can see that my finger is coming out here This is the opening in the lower part of the external oblique aponeurosis and this opening is referred to as the External ring of the inguinal canal. The external ring of the inguinal canal is about 2 crura, a medial crust as we can see here This is the medial crust and this is the lateral crust The medial crust is attached to the pubic symphysis The lateral crust is attached to the pubic tubercle and the space between is bridged over by some Intercruel fibers and through that external ring we can see this structure passing This is the spormatic cord on the left side and when we trace the spormatic cord We can see that the spormatic cord has come into the inguinal canal here and I have lifted it up here When I pull here we can see this is the spormatic cord on the left side and if we further trace it We notice that the spormatic cord is disappearing This is the actual inguinal canal therefore the anterior boundary of the inguinal canal is formed by the External oblique aponeurosis and laterally it is formed by the internal oblique partly coming to the superior Boundary the superior boundary is formed by these fibers that we can see here. These are called the conjoined tendon Conjoined tendon are the fused fibers of the lower fibers of the internal oblique and the transverse abdominis They form the roof and they continue posteriorly and they form part of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal And we can see again the spormatic cord is disappearing inside The posterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by the fascia transversalis and just to bring you up to speed This structure that we can see here this thin structure that we can see on this side This is the fascia transversalis. This fascia transversalis forms the posterior wall and it also reinforced a little bit by a Reflected portion of the inguinal ligament called the reflex inguinal ligament So these are the boundaries of the inguinal canal and through which passes the spormatic cord Other structure that we can see passing is this nerve here and when I pull here we can see it is moving here This is the ero-inguinal nerve This is L1 which supplies the lower fibers of the internal oblique and the transverse abdominis It passes through the inguinal canal and then it comes to the thigh and it supplies the anterior surface of the scrotum Where it is called the anterior scrotum nerve all the labia females where it's called the labial nerve And it also supplies medial thigh and it mediates Cremaster reflex in males. So this is what we see about the inguinal ligament and the inguinal canal This is the rectus abdominis muscle that we have lifted up on the left side And we can see they had done a surgery and we can see remnants of the suture material here This whole area was completely obliterated by fatty tissue Therefore the lower part of the rectus abdominis is not clearly visible But the upper part is clearly visible and when we lift it up we can see the anterior layer of the rectus sheath and We can see the posterior layer of rectus sheath and we can see these blood vessels These are the inferior epigastric artery and the inferior epigastric wave which run on the posterior wall of the inguinal canal and they run Just medial to the internal inguinal ring and they come into the rectus sheath Therefore an inguinal hernia which comes lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels is called an indirect inguinal hernia And that one which comes medial to that is called a direct hernia The next thing I would like to draw your attention to is in this particular cadaver He had undergone a very unique surgery and that's why this whole lower portion is completely densely adherent And it took us a long time to dissect it out We can see this bulbous structure here which they have implanted in the lower part of the rectus abdominis muscle This is a reservoir. This contains a fluid and we can see this pipe coming out from the reservoir And it goes inside and we can see it is disappearing inside the strotum Inside the strotum, there is a bulb and there is a pump from the pump and the bulb we have this pipe coming out Which drains the fluid and we can see the continuation of that pipe here And this pipe then goes into an inflatable device which is located inside the penis when the patient squeezes the pump Fluid from the reservoir flows in and it goes to the spike and it goes and fills up this Inflatable implant. There's a small valve above the pump the patient turns the valve Which is also located in the scrotums the fluid drains back and it goes back to the reservoir So this is an inflatable three-piece benign implant. Thank you very much for watching Dr. Sanjay Sunny as Sunny out if you have any questions or comments, please put them in the comment section below Please like and subscribe have a nice