 Only persons that are trained, qualified, competent, and fit to perform their duties will be allowed to execute hot work and enter confined spaces. Grinders must also be declared competent. This training ensures that individuals are equipped with the skills and knowledge to understand the hazards associated with hot work, working in confined spaces, the contents of permits, and the control measures implemented for their protection, which includes emergency procedures. All hot work operators must attend a training presentation, have passed the hot work assessment and planned task observation before being appointed and authorized by the responsible section engineer. A thorough formal risk assessment is required to identify all hazards, to assess potential loss events.