 Monkeypox is a virus that causes a smallpox-like illness in humans. It is transmitted primarily through direct contact with infected animals such as rodents, squirrels and prairie dogs. The virus can also be spread through contact with contaminated objects or surfaces or through airborne droplets when someone who is infected sneezes or coughs. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, chills, fatigue and a rash. The rash usually starts on the face and then spreads to the rest of the body. The rash is not itchy and does not blister like smallpox. Most people recover within two weeks but there is a risk of death if the virus progresses to its later stages. The virus has been found in Africa, Asia, Europe and North America and has been reported in the United States since 2003. This article was authored by Evelyn M. Bunch, Bernard Hote, Liddy Chen and others.