 Over the last seven years, there have been four very significant extreme events affecting the Amazon Basin. There have been two one-in-one hundred year flood events and two at least one-in-one hundred drought events. Now, by simple ecosystem science, when a system oscillates between two extremes, it is an early warning sign that the whole ecosystem may be in a rapid transition process from one equilibrium stage, which is the Amazon, as we know today, into a savannah.