 Nanotechnology is an emerging field of science that involves the manipulation of matter at the atomic or molecular level. It is based on the study of particles with dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. These particles can be divided into four main categories, inorganic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles, ceramic nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanoparticles. Metal nanoparticles and metal oxides are examples of inorganic nanoparticles, while fullerines, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibres, and carbon black are examples of carbon-based nanoparticles. Additionally, nanoparticles can be categorized according to their dimensionality, 1-, 2-, and 3-dimensional nanoparticles exist. Nanoparticles are synthesized through either top-down or bottom-up approach. Top-down methods involve breaking down larger materials into smaller ones, while bottom-up methods involve assembling smaller components into larger structures. Synth-sizing nanoparticles has been achieved using various techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray difference. This article was authored by Efene Gers, Isas Jelani, Amara Nazir, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.