 Hello everyone, myself Professor Prithish Chikte working in mechanical engineering department in Walsh and the stock technology. In our first session, we will start with introduction to lathe machine. There are the different types of machines like lathe machine, shaping machine, drilling machine, milling machine, planing machine. These are the parts of manufacturing technology courses. Now these are the learning outcomes. The students will be able to explain the working principle of the lathe machine. Also they can describe the different components or the parts of the lathe machine. What we will learn in this session? First we will learn with working principle after that what are the specifications of the lathe machine and the parts or the components of the lathe machine, working principle. As you can see in the diagram, the lathe machine is a machine tool which consists of the work piece. Mainly the cylindrical type of work piece can be used in the lathe machine and these work pieces can be hold in the job holding devices. There may be the different job holding devices like the centers, the live center and dead center. Also we can use the types of checks, face plate, angle plate, driving plate, lathe carrier, mandrels. These components can be called as job holding devices. Now the second part is that the work piece or the job is rotating while the cutting tool is supported by the tool holding devices. The tool holding devices can be called as tool post. In lathe machine, in most of the lathe machine square tool post is used means the four tools can be used at a time for the cutting operation. Mainly lathe machine is used for the removal of material. Material means mainly the metal. So this is called as metal removal process and there are the two cases whenever we want to cut the material, whenever we want to remove the material. In this diagram you can see the tool is moving parallel to the axis of rotation. Here the job is rotating and the tool is moving parallel to the axis of rotation. In this case we can get the cylindrical type of surfaces. Now in this second diagram the work piece is rotating and the tool is moving perpendicular to the axis of rotation, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the work piece. Now in this case we can get the flat type of surfaces. So this is the working principle of the lathe machine. Mainly the lathe machine consists of the work piece with the job holding devices and the cutting tool with the tool holding devices. Now you can see there is a schematic diagram of the lathe machine. Now you can see here the work piece is rotating. This is the spindle, this is the headstock, this is the tailstock. Always the headstock will be to the left hand side which is fixed. The tailstock always it is moving in the guide ways which are provided in the bed. This is the tool post which is a part of a carriage. Carriage is the main part where the tool post is kept here. This is the work piece and the types of chuck or maybe the first plate can be used for the work holding devices. Now let's specification. Specification means dimensions, parameters. Now in some countries like the United States of America the lathe is specified by the swing means that will be the maximum diameter that can be accommodated by the machine. The type of lathe which is called as sliding, surfacing and the screw cutting and in the England the lathe machine is specified by the height of the center which is the half of the swing over the bed. Now what are the main specification or the dimensions of the lathe machine? The first one this is the maximum distance between the center. This is the one center which is called as live center which is at the headstock. This is the dead center which is at the tailstock. After that B dimension this one is we always called as the swing maximum swing in the gap. The C is the height of the center from the bed. D is the maximum swing over the carriage. This is the carriage and E is the swing over the bed. This is the bed and this is the swing over the bed in the diameter in mm. Now this is one example of the lathe specification of the Harrier lathe machine manufactured by the kilo square. You can see the diagram. So maximum distance between the centers that is 600 mm, maximum swing over the bed that is 330 mm, height of the center is 165 mm, maximum swing over the carriage is 210 mm. These four are the main specification of the lathe machine. These are also the specification but these are the four main specification of the lathe machine. After that we can call as the weight of the bed, after the hole through the spindle, spindle where we can fix the job, the faceplate diameter, faceplate is also one type of job holding devices with 300 mm. Just go through the question, which is the most important dimension in lathe machine? Just think about this question. Now after that question, we will move towards the parts of the lathe machine. What are the different the main parts of the lathe machine or we can also call as the main components of the lathe machine. Now you can see this diagram very properly. So this is the bed, which is the base of the lathe machine. This should be your study with high strength, which is manufactured by the cast and mainly headstock. Headstock is an assembly, which consists of the different components we will discuss in detail. After that the spindle, which is present inside the headstock, tailstock this is the tailstock, which is at the right hand side. The lie center may be present here, the dead center is present here also, suppose I want to perform a drilling operation. So where I can fix the drill tool, yes you can remove this dead center from the tailstock and you can fix the drill tool inside the tailstock and you can move this tailstock nearer to the workpiece and that can be sliding inside the bed weights. But the headstock, which is sturdy, which is fixed to the bed, carriage is one of the most important part of the lathe machine. Now what it consists of? You can see the hand wheel, the hand wheel is provided. The lathe machine is the conventional machine, each and every operation you have to perform manually. For example, suppose you want to place the job inside the job holding devices, yes manually we have to do. Suppose you want to change the tool from the tool holding devices or the tool post, yes you have to do manually. Suppose you want to slide this tailstock in the bed weights, yes you have to take this tailstock here. If suppose you want to move this carriage, yes with the help of hand wheel you have to do. After that feedback mechanism, there are the different types of mechanisms we are learning in the parts of lathe machine. Now the bed weights, you can see the two diagrams here, the as we have discussed the bed is a base of the lathe machine. You can see here the V bed weights are there, where we can slide may be a carriage or may be the tailstock. If suppose we are having the flat surfaces means there may be a chances of going the chips inside that, but here we are having the V bed weights means there are no chances of going the chips inside that. And it should be a study because whenever you are having the vibrational cases, whenever you are having the cutting operation, it should be a study position and it is a made of these are the references.