 Hello, Myself P. V. Ekhande, working as an assistant professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering at Vulture Institute of Technology, Solapur. Today we are going to study regarding the single acting reciprocating pump and in that we will be observing the working and construction of single acting reciprocating pump along with the basic classification of reciprocating pump. At the end of this session, students will be able to understand construction and working of single acting reciprocating pump. Basically, the pumps can be classified as dynamic pressure pumps and positive displacement pump. Dynamic pressure pump and positive displacement pump, in that there is a huge difference. In dynamic pressure pump, actually we will not get the high pressure but the discharge will be more whereas in case of the positive displacement pump, we will get the high pressure development whereas the discharge may be lower as compared to the dynamic pressure pumps. Under the dynamic pressure pumps, we have the centrifugal pumps, popular operator pumps and turbines whereas under the positive displacement pump, we have the reciprocating pumps and rotary pumps. Under the reciprocating pumps, we have the piston type of the pumps and the diaphragm type of the pumps whereas under the rotary pumps, we have the gear type of the pump, low pump, screw type of the pumps, vent type of the pump, then we have the rotary plunger type of the pumps. So these are the 5 pumps which comes under the rotary type whereas under the reciprocating we have the piston or the diaphragm type and under the dynamic pressure pump, we have the centrifugal, popular or turbine operator pumps. Think of the difference between positive and non-positive displacement pump related to pressure developed. So in positive displacement pump, very high pressure can be developed whereas it cannot be in case of non-positive displacement pump. Now we will see regarding the single acting reciprocating pump. These pumps are used for lifting of the water from low level to high level or delivering the water from one point to another point. When we consider the construction of this reciprocating pump, it has got similar construction as compared to IC engine. In the IC engine we have the cylinder, piston, then the walls are there, cooling arrangement is there. So similar to that, there is a cylinder and piston arrangement along with the walls which are provided for the entry and exit of the working fluid and in this case, when we consider the pump which is operating the working fluid as a water, it itself act as a cooling agent. That's why it don't require the special cooling arrangement as like IC engines. In IC engines, air cooled engines are provided with the fins on the periphery of the cylinder whereas in the water cooled engine, there is a cooling water jacket which is provided on the cylinder. That is not required in case of the reciprocating pump which is either single acting reciprocating pump or double acting reciprocating pump. Now we will consider the construction of the single acting reciprocating pump which has got the cylinder, then piston, piston rod is there which is connected to the connecting rod and the crank and there is a shaft on which crank is mounted and this mechanism is given power with the electric motor. So electric motor rotates the shaft of the crank, crank rotates through one, rotates and to which the connecting rod is connected which converts the rotary motion into reciprocating motion and there are two extreme positions for the piston that is inner dead center position or outer dead center position. Accordingly there is a positions on this center line which is indicated as a inner dead center which is at this location when the crank reaches this point and outer dead center position is at this location when the crank reaches at this position and it has got the inline position with the connecting rod when these two positions are there and piston will have the extreme right hand position when it reaches the outer dead center position and when it reaches the inner dead center position it has got the inner dead center position, extreme inside position when it has got the inner dead center position over here. Now at the end of the cylinder the pipes are connected which is called as a suction pipe and delivery pipe. So one end is provided with the delivery pipe which delivers the water or the liquid to the over a tank which is kept on the terrace whereas the other pipe which is connected to the cylinder that is provided for lifting of the water from the storage area which is called as a sump well or which is called as a storage tank. From this tank the water is taken inside the cylinder through this pipe line which is called as a suction pipe and at the end of this pipe there is a suction wall provided which is called as a non-return type of the wall or one way directional wall which is required at suction port as well as exit port or we call that as a delivery port. So one wall is provided as a delivery wall and other is as a suction wall both are unidirectional wall which allows the liquid entry in only one direction. So that is regarding the construction of this single acting reciprocating pump. Now when we consider the working of this in this what happens suppose initially the piston is at the left hand extreme position which is called as a inner position during the reciprocating motion from inner most position to the outer most position. Now what will happen inside this compartment when the piston moves in the right hand direction there is a vacuum creation inside this zone that is because of the because of the movement of the piston on this piston the o-ring is mounted which is of rubber type which provides the silt type portion and due to this the vacuum is created inside this region. Now due to this vacuum creation there is a pressure difference between the water which is stored in the sump on which the atmosphere pressure is acting which is a positive pressure and vacuum pressure is a negative pressure. Now this pressure difference causes water entry from suction pipe inside this cylinder portion till the piston reaches the outer date position or outer most position or here that is extreme right hand position. Now when the half revolution is completed that is from IDC to inner or dead center position during that there is a entry of the water suction stroke is completed. Now when the crank rotates for the further when 80 degrees angle there is a movement of the piston from outer most position to the inner most position. Now during this what happens the water which is inside this compartment is subjected to pressure or the pressure force which is because of the piston surface and its movement in the inner inward direction. Now this force which is acting on the water is higher as compared to the atmospheric pressure or what will happen this unidirectional suction wall will get closed because of the pressure which is acting on this side and the water which is now to be delivered to the tank for that purpose this delivery wall will get opened and now the water inside this compartment rush through this pipeline through this delivery wall delivery pipe towards the tank portion. Now this continues till the piston moves from outer dead position to the inner dead position or outer most position to inner most position during this the water will get delivered to the tank portion. Now again when the piston reaches this inner most position and start moving in the outer most direction right hand direction again the vacuum will get created over here and entry of the water through this pipeline will be inside the cylinder and then during this what will happen the water column which is inside this pipe will close the delivery wall because this is unidirectional wall so water will not rush inside the cylinder portion in the reverse direction rather it is restricted over it over the delivery wall that will be retained inside the pipe only because of that now the water inside this column will be at the atmospheric pressure and vacuum pressure which is inside this because of that the water will rush from this side to the compartment and the piston movement will be continued. When the piston reaches the outer most position again the same thing will happen when it start moving in the inner direction it will closes the suction wall opens the delivery wall because on this side there is only atmospheric pressure whereas water is subjected to high pressure that is why now water rush into the delivery pipe and that gets delivered in the delivery tank which is stored in the tank restored in the terrace stored on the terrace and water will get discharged in this compartment in this tank. So like this the strokes are completed and the water will get delivered from some to the delivery tank so this is regarding the working of this thank you.