 Hello everyone, this is Arvin Mathirajah from ST Microelectronics and I'm very, very excited to be talking to you today. Welcome to this webinar on VI Power Intelligent Power Switches, high-side drivers, low-side drivers as well as brush DC motor drivers. I'm responsible for market development for ST's VI Power Technology and it's my pleasure this afternoon to share with you. What VI Power Technology is to introduce you to the product line and really to help you understand the features and the benefits so that you can leverage this technology to not just speed up your design cycle and design process but enhance the reliability of your design and to reduce the cost of your design especially for 12V, 24V DC applications. So let's get right into it. Before we talk a little bit about what VI Power is, I'd like to mention a few things. First and foremost, this process technology is qualified to the Automotive AEC-Q100 Electronics Stress Standard which is a very stringent standard for reliability, especially short circuit reliability when it comes to protected FET technology. And another very big benefit is that the VI Power products are guaranteed for 15-year production lifetime from the date of launch and quite frankly the M07 product family that we'll be talking about today was launched just a few years ago and so there's longevity to the technology and the product family that we will be discussing today. Also because of these products being used of course in non-automotive applications but also because of their application in the automotive space, we tend not to make changes to the die or the packaging therefore the front and the back end only because there's a lot of testing and qualification that's required and that benefit obviously transfers to you as the user. All VI Power products are designed to operate from minus 40 degrees Celsius up to 150 degrees Celsius, die temperature, junction temperature and they have extensive diagnostics features to improve the performance and the reliability of your design and therefore also very very applicable to safety critical applications and harsh operating conditions that you might find in medical or aerospace or transportation applications and of course even consume electronics for that matter. And we're very proud to say that for VI Power Technology ST is a market leader, we have over 50% market share and in the vertical power switch technology and we appreciate you attending this webinar and learning more about the technology and perhaps seeing as to how it can fit your needs today. So I'd like to start with the video that does a great job of introducing VI Power Technology to you and once the video is done I'll be right back here. Welcome back. So continuing right from where this maybe have a quick refresher on again what VI Power Technology is. Now if you were to take a MOSFET and use it as a power switch to maybe power up a load, maybe a heater coil or some kind of a lamp or light, whatever the case may be, there's a couple of things that we need. First we need a driving circuit to drive that MOSFET efficiently. Second we need to have circuitry to protect the MOSFET against destruction that could be caused by excessive current voltage or temperature. And then third we probably need some smart circuits around that as well to perform sensing to give us information in order to perform diagnostics and other protection functions and features that are based on intelligence. In order to do all of this there's a considerable amount of design effort, not to mention higher component count and a larger board space that's required. And therefore the assembly costs go up, the reliability of the design goes down and in order to provide a solution that eliminates all of the additional design and the overhead and the reliability, the loss of the reliability. What STVI Power Technology does is it integrates the power MOSFET along with a gate driver, protection circuits, sensing and diagnostics all into one package and in most cases one monolithic die as well. So using that technology we can then provide or create high side driver solutions or low side driver and HBrush driver solutions. So let's start with talking about our high side driver solutions. Well before that here we'd like to share a little bit about the evolution of VI Power Technology. In fact we're currently in the fourth generation event and approaching very quickly the fifth wave of innovation. VI Power Technology was introduced to the world in the early 90s and since then we've had a lot of innovation especially in terms of adding smarts through diagnostics but also in miniaturization. And therefore as you can see the ideas on area product which allows you to have smaller lithography for a given amount of power dissipation. That's absolutely been improving over the years and today we're currently in production with our M07 family which achieves significant miniaturization that we'll talk about. And of course we're on track to launching our M09 and M011 technology here in the next few years so we're very excited about that. Now what kind of applications and market spaces would VI Power be applicable to? Well really every industry that you can think of. Within the automotive space some of the primary applications would be motor control resulting in let's say or being used in sliding doors or sunroofs, window lifts, any kind of fans or pumps, seating etc. And then also power distribution in your body control module or your smart junction box and especially to control lighting, your front rear and interior lighting that could be light bulb or LED based and to actuate locks and solenoids. Now that can then extend to other industries as well in other markets such as aerospace, you know in the commercial space if there's any kind of LED lighting application or point of sale system, bending machines, beverage dispenses and so on or battery applied, battery powered appliances or tools. These would be great for use as integrated power solutions in those applications. And again building industrial, medical and like. So to start with high side drivers, what I'd like to do is maybe introduce the concept to you. Here if I can direct your attention to the diagram in the lower left corner, you'll see that there's a microcontroller and then there's an interface to this gray block here which is a high side driver. Now this high side driver has an integrated FET and has some very simple digital interfaces with the microcontroller. The most important being the input pin which allows you to turn on or turn off the FET that's within the high side driver. There is a multi-sense pin which is actually an analog feedback pin that's a current source and therefore you'd need a resistor to convert that to a voltage. And then you can use that analog feedback to identify current temperature and voltage of your driver. And I'll talk a little bit more about that in the next few slides here. There is a sense enable pin that enables or disables the multi-sense feature and then there's also various select pins depending on the number of channels in the package. So a given package as you can see we've got multiple packages here. A given package could have one channel, two channels or four channels meaning four power MOSFETs, fully protected MOSFETs in them. And the RDS on values or the on resistance of these FETs would vary from or range from 1.5 million to 140 million. So this gives you a lot of granularity and depending on the power that your load requires you may choose a FET that is appropriate for that specific load. And we'll talk about how to identify that. With the M07 family the operating voltage range is 4 volts to 28 volts DC. That means we offer full short circuit protection in that voltage range. And then for the M05T family that would cater to your 8 volt to 36 volt operating range and you'd have full short circuit protection there. For the M07 family the clamp voltage or the absolute maximum voltage is 41 volts. For the M05T family it's 58 volts. And you could drive loads up to 30 amps as a matter of fact. And all these switches have very very low quiescent current typically 0.5 microamps which is outstanding. Now in terms of the applications we already talked about it but typically if you've got a mechanical relay you want to replace or you want to drive a solenoid or a motor. You want to power up some kind of a heater or a light or a sensor. These would be ideal solutions for those needs. To talk about the diagnostics and protection that's built into the high side drivers. MultiSense which I mentioned to you earlier where you are able to glean information such as the current temperature and voltage. Definitely gives the microcontroller the information it needs to make smart decisions. But there's also built in diagnostics such as identification of a short to battery condition. Or if there is an open load or there's no load that exists. Both when the switch is turned on or when the switch is commanded to turn off or stay off. And the drivers are also designed to detect over temperature conditions or if there's a loss of ground or a loss of battery condition. In both cases the gate driver will shut off and stay off until reset. In terms of protection there is a variety of protections against transients, load dumps. Especially if you're in the transportation industry you'd be familiar with load dump scenarios. There's built in clamp for over voltage conditions as a shutdown for an under voltage condition. A lot of our hybrid packages have built in reverse polarity to protect the circuit within the driver. But perhaps most importantly there's a two stage current limit that essentially powers our enhanced power limitation strategy. Which I'd like to introduce to you now here in the next slide. So if I was to take a let's say a 20 milliohm driver for example. And turn it on to a load that is shorted. There will therefore be short circuit current which is fairly high current. And what would happen as you can see in this graph here to the top right hand side. Is that your current will rise instantaneously starting from zero may go all the way up to a very theoretical high limit. In this case there is a built in limit to the 20 milliohm switch which restricts the current or limits the current to 75 amps or around that value. Now as that current is limited there will eventually be a point where the temperature of the junction between the coldest part of the die being the logic area. And the hottest part of the die which is the power stage that junction temperature difference would exceed 60 degree C or 60 Kelvin. At that point the driver actually shuts off and waits for that delta temperature to drop below 40 degrees Celsius as you can see here. Once that happens the driver automatically turns back on in an auto restart manner. And if the short circuit condition persists eventually the delta temperature will again reach or exceed 60 degrees C and the driver will shut off. And it will do so until eventually if the microcontroller does not turn the driver off and the short circuit condition persists. Eventually the driver junction temperature will reach around 175 degrees C which we consider the shutdown threshold. And at that point the current limit that's built into the chip will actually be dropped from a high limit to a low limit. And the driver will automatically modulate itself at a frequency that allows it to maintain the power dissipation within the package and therefore protect it from a catastrophic failure. Now this is the way that the driver actually protects itself it's a phenomenal strategy and it's this particular operating scenario is called auto restart. Now there is another operating mode which we call latch off mode that is actually programmable or configurable via a pin called the fault reset pin. The fault reset pin was toggled high what would happen is that the driver upon having a 60 degree Celsius difference between the coldest and the hardest part of the die would shut off. But rather than restarting would actually stay off and therefore be latched off until the input pin is recycled or reset. In the latch off mode these drivers are designed and have been qualified to pass one million repetitive short circuit cycles which is great a performance per the automotive standard. It's absolutely excellent performance. The multi sense pin allows the user to glean information such as the current that the MOSFET is driving to the load the temperature of the die in within the package as well as the voltage at the drain pin which is typically your battery voltage. Now if you're driving a motor it's it's typically very useful to have the current sensing information in order to perform things like speed or torque control. And especially within these high side drivers there is a loss less current sensor meaning there's no shunt resistor for example where you would have power dissipation. Therefore it is there's no loss within the current sensing function and the accuracy would be 95% so typically 5% error which is great for a multitude of applications. Now in terms of temperature sensing it's fantastic to know the temperature of the of the die and therefore roughly the board as well when you're doing thermal profiling of your design. And optimizing your PCB design and also to understand what the temperature is so that you can calibrate your current sense accordingly because current sense accuracy actually varies as temperature drifts. So there's a lot of benefits to having this information. In terms of electromagnetic compatibility or EMI performance of the drivers a lot has been done to improve the gate drive functionality of the high side drivers from the previous generation. To start with the switching times are faster and the turn on and turn off times are actually symmetrical and therefore the rise and fall times are going to be constant with your PWM frequency that's excellent. And in terms of switching losses they've been a 10% improvement in switching losses compared to the previous generation as well as compared to a lot of the gate drivers or the high side drivers that are out there in the market. Because of the optimal edge shaping and the improved slew rates of the high side drivers we've been able to pass class 5 in the CISPA 25 EMI mission level or EMI standard. So really we have best in class thermal efficiency and electromagnetic emission performance. Now one of the unique features of the M07 family is the ultra small footprints for the given on resistance. As you can see there's three primary packages that a majority of the drivers are offered in. This is the power SSO 16 package which is very similar in size to the SO 8, your standard SO 8 package. It's a 20 millimeter squared area and typically you'd have your 8 mili ohm up to 140 mili ohm drivers in this package. And then you have your larger power SSO 36 package which is great for your low RDS on usually your four or three or one and a half mili ohm packages. And then there's also the octa pack which is similar to a deep pack with more pins that allows you to drive loads with a seven mili ohm or a four mili ohm driver. Now what's interesting is that compared to the previous generation, the third generation or M05 family, these packages are up to 75 percent smaller. And within the market the M07 high side driver family has the highest package density. So really this allows us to not only reduce the size of the packages but also the cost of the packages. Another thing that I'd like to mention here is as you can see in here the left hand side there's a scale that shows you the junction to ambient thermal resistance. Meaning how much temperature rise could you expect to see for one watt of power being dissipated by the package. So for example if I was using a 50 mili ohm high side driver to drive a three amp load, power is calculated by I squared R. So current times current times resistance. If the driver is 50 mili ohms at room temperature which is 25 degrees C, typically at very high temperatures, let's say at around 125 degrees C, that would, the junction temperature, the RDS on would double typically to let's say 100 mili ohm. So three amps times three amps times 100 mili ohms gives you .9 watts. Just let's say close to round it up and let's say close to one watt. At that point if this driver was driving a load where the ambient temperature was around 85 degrees C and that 50 mili ohm driver was in a power SSO 16 package, you would expect to see around a 21 degrees or 20 degrees C rise over that ambient temperature which means 85 degrees C plus 20 degrees C. You would end up at about 105 degrees Celsius. So we typically like to keep the junction temperature to less than 125 degrees C only because at that point even though the junction can handle it, maybe the FR4 material on your circuit board may not be able to. And so that is how you would be able to identify what kind of driver and package to employ in your design. The M07 product family has actually been designed as a family. So there's a lot of flexibility and scalability in terms of the pinout and in terms of the RDS on. So if you were to look at a 10 mili ohm driver in a power SSO 16 package, a 140 mili ohm driver would also be in a power SSO 16 package with the exact same pinout and all of the drivers in between in the RDS on range. This allows you to keep the same PCB layout but use different drivers and packages depending on the needs of the application. So you could have multiple revisions or you could use the board in multiple different designs depending on your end load requirements. So in a single channel package for example, pins 29 through 32 would not be connected. But if you were to use a dual channel package for the same RDS on, for example a VN750 versus a VND750 which is a dual channel package, they would be pin to pin compatible. In terms of nomenclature for our high side drivers, any ST part number starting with VN is used to identify a VI power part. The number seven after the letter, if it's a D it's a dual channel Q quad channel. That number seven after that letter identifies the generation or the technology, in this case M07 would be the number seven. And then the three digits following that would be the RDS on. So 140 mili ohm switch would be 140 or a 50 mili ohm switch would be 050 and so on. So here's a quick look at all the products that are available in the M07 family. As you can see closer 25 parts here and there's a lot of granularity. And this allows the user to optimize or optimally select the right driver without compromising on the cost to be able to drive a given load. And you also have cost savings that can be achieved by using multi-channel packages, not to mention that these multi-channel packages also utilize less space on your board. All of these numbers here on the bottom regarding the amount of current that the drivers can handle are calculated based on a four-layer board given 85 degree Celsius ambient operating temperature. And this would be the maximum continuous current that a given driver could drive given these conditions. So you could probably drive more if the ambient temperature was lower or if you provided even better heat sinking than having a four-layer board. I'd also like to introduce you to the M07 enhanced driver portfolio, which is brand new. These will be launched shortly here in the next quarter of 2018. We have added a few more part numbers, therefore further increasing the offering within our high-side driver family. And what's unique about the M07E or enhanced products is that they operate down to 2.85V versus 4V with the standard M07 drivers. They have improved thermal packaging parameters and more importantly, a superior current sense position as well. Typically, you would get a few percentage points of improvement in your accuracy. We also have our ViPower zero or what we call the Vibzero family, which allows you to pack in very, very low RDS on drivers in small packages and these would be great drivers for use in applications such as powering up high power heaters or replacing high current relays, power distribution for high power loads, high current loads, as well as motors. And they do have extended current sensing features. A lot of them do, as you can see by the magenta color dot. And what that means is that you have improved current sense accuracy even towards the lower current ranges of the driver. And they all operate down to 2.85V as well. We do have a product line with the M05T high-side switch family which caters to 24V applications, typically industrial and transportation sectors where if you're looking at off-road equipment, agricultural equipment or controllers where 24V is nominal, 36V is the maximum voltage to guarantee short circuit protection, and the clamping voltage is 58V. We're also capable of handling much higher inductive energy and therefore very suitable for circuits where there are longer leads or where you're driving high-inductance loads. As you can see we have drivers that can drive 2.5A up to 11.5, maybe 12A given the same conditions we talked about in the previous slides. Okay, very excited to share with you the launch of VI Power M07 SPI multi-channel high-side drivers. And what's unique about the SPI drivers is the communication and control of the drivers within the packages is done via a serial peripheral interface or a serial communication bus, digital bus, versus using just simple direct digital inputs or logic inputs. This is very useful. If you have a design where you have a multitude of channels or loads that you want to control, let's say 10, 15, 20 loads, you definitely want to use multi-channel drivers to reduce your board space and to more importantly reduce the number of IOs that are needed on your microcontroller in order to control those channels. So for example, if you had 20 channels you wanted to drive, you could use 5 packages of our quad-channel SPI drivers, the VNQ7003, VNQ7004, or our 5-channel VNP7008, which have different RDSons per channel and you can use those as needed for your design. There is also the benefit of having improved diagnostic capability for all of these channels because you now have a serial communication interface. Here's a block diagram of a typical 4-channel SPI driver. As you can see, there is this logic block here where you can control, you know, bulb versus LED mode that affects your open load detection. Also, there is, you know, current sense feedback and control of the blocking time of your high-side drivers, you know, controlling the slew rate. All of this can be done via SPI, which is an 8-bit or a 16-bit, you know, depending on what you configure it to be at a 4MHz rate. There is also what we call LIMP home functionality. And what LIMP home functionality allows the user to do is to control directly these channels through digital logic pins in the event that the SPI driver or the SPI bus for some reason drops and there is no serial communication between the microcontroller and the multi-channel high-side driver package. This is very, very important for, you know, safety-critical applications where you would need some kind of robust backup in the case that the communication bus drops. And as I mentioned to you, there is very much like the other high-side drivers. There is very low standby current and this complies with the Sysper 25 standard and the AEC-Q100 standard that we mentioned earlier on. So, to talk a little bit about the high-side drivers in action, again, they're used in a plethora of applications. I mentioned beverage dispensers or multi-purpose load boards or power distribution boxes. You know, solid state solutions basically driving lights and, you know, valves and solenoids and fans and such. Okay, now to talk a little bit about the VI Power low-side drivers, specifically our OmniFET3 family. OmniFET3 uses M05 technology and a low-side driver is different from a high-side driver, only in that the low-side driver has its source connected to ground versus the load in the case of a high-side driver and the drain pin is actually connected to the load versus the DC bus in the case of a high-side driver. The interface is also simpler. There is an input pin and there is a digital status feedback pin if you so choose to use it and there are single-channel and dual-channel packages. The three-pin versions are great for replacing your standard FET. Typically, if you're using a SOT223 package, a three-lead low-side driver, you could replace that with the protected version, which is the OmniFET3 driver. The clamp voltage is 41 volts, but you would still have the built-in current and power limitation and the over-temperature protection. Now, if there is a need to get diagnostic information such as an open load or a short to ground or if there is an over-temperature condition, then you could use and you design the five-pin version that comes with that status pin. Here is our product offering for the OmniFET3 low-side driver family. As you can see, again, a very robust offering ranging from one amp up to seven amps. The seven-amp driver, which is a 10-milli-ohm driver, comes in a PowerSOT10 package, which is part of our OmniFET2 family. A VNL designator is used for low-side drivers and the rest of the nomenclature, the numbering scheme, is the same. Excellent. We appreciate your attention so far and I'm excited to talk to you about a very, very important topic and also the last topic of our presentation here today, the VI-powered H-bridge motor drivers. If you want to take two high-side and channel FETs and two low-side and channel FETs such as our high-side drivers and low-side drivers and put them in a bridge configuration, add some controls, you can now drive a brush DC motor or two unidirectional motors or multiple motors in a cascaded fashion depending on how you configure these drivers. Very, very flexible in terms of configurability and they have the same features as our high-side drivers do. The operation range for voltage is 4 volts to 28 volts with full short circuit protection. We have 8 mili ohm to 200 mili ohm drivers and that would be the combination of your high-side and low-side. So 8 mili ohm would mean your high-side driver and your low-side driver would be 8 mili ohm path. All of these drivers are capable of being pulsed modulated or switched at a rate of 20 kilohertz and have very, very low standby current at the range of three microamps. And most importantly, lossless current sensor that I mentioned to you when I was talking about the high-side drivers is a built-in feature called current mirroring that allows you to identify the current through the high-side drivers of these H-bridge drivers allowing you to perform torque or speed control of your motor very, very effectively with high accuracy. There is also the same current and power limitation that you would come to expect of VI power technology with thermal shutdown protection and added cross conduction protection to prevent the high-side driver and the low-side driver of the same leg from ever turning on because that would be catastrophic. It would be a short-circuit condition. All these inputs are not just 5 volt but also 3 volt CMOS compatible. Okay, let's talk about the general application scheme for these H-bridge drivers. And I'd like to direct your attention to the blog diagram over here. As you can see, there are four switches in the H-bridge package. Two high-sides and two low-sides all are N-channel FETs. If you were to turn on high-side A and low-side B at the same time, current would flow in a particular direction, causing the motor to spin, let's say, in a clockwise direction. If you were to turn on high-side B and low-side A, current would flow in the reverse or opposite direction, causing the motor to spin in the opposite direction. If you were to turn on both high-sides at the same time, leaving the low-sides off, that would essentially cause the motor to slow down and stop, or essentially that's a way to break the motor. You could do the same by turning on both the low-sides on at the same time with the high-sides off. You never want the high-side and the low-side of the same leg to turn on at the same time and therefore you do have built-in cross conduction protection to prevent that from happening. In order to perform the various, you know, to perform the switch control, as I just mentioned to you, you would use the input A and the input B pin. Input A controls the high-side driver A, input B controls high-side driver B. And the PWM pins control the opposite low-side driver. So in order for me to allow current to be conducted in, let's say, the forward direction, I would have input A turned on and the PWM pin would then drive low-side B. Also, I could use the select pins to select the desired feedback on the multi-sense pin if I'm looking for the current to the temperature or the voltage of the high-side drivers. I can choose to do that using a truth table that's available in the datasheet and by selecting logically through the select zero and the select one pin, selecting those states logically. We also encourage having a blocking capacitor, which is recommended for, you know, just filtering out ripple and voltage transients that you typically see on the supply because of the load that the motor would put on to that bus. The multi-sense pin, as I mentioned to you, provides, you know, a current that's proportional to the load, but also the temperature and the voltage feedback. And this would then be converted to a voltage using an external sense resistor. There is a multi-sense enable pin that allows you to actually disable multi-sense on one driver in the event that you want to get sense feedback from another driver sharing the same ADC input pin. Therefore, you could use multiple HBRIS drivers but only have one ADC pin and still be able to look at, you know, sensor information from any one of those drivers just by disabling or enabling the multi-sense pin on the rest of the drivers. Here is a roadmap and a product offering for our VNH family, the VI Power HBRIS family. As you can see, we have M05, M07, and even M09 products are available. The M09 VNH9013 is really the power stage only. It does not have the protection and the controls yet. But all of our M07 HBRIS drivers, which are brand new in the market, have all the features that I described to you. And I would also like to take this opportunity to talk about our low-OMIC HBRIS drivers here on the next slide. But as you can see, before going there, you could use integrated drivers to drive, you know, a continuous motor load of 2 amps all the way up to 10 amps, maybe even higher depending on the operating ambient temperature and the heat sinking that's provided. So to talk about our low-OMIC HBRIS. What's different about the low-OMIC HBRIS from the rest of the HBRIS driver family is that instead of having four switches all integrated into one package, we have two high-side switches in a package and two low-side gate drivers. So you don't have the power MOSFET within the package, but you have the gate drivers which would drive an external power MOSFET, allowing you to essentially distribute the power that's being dissipated into three different packages or maybe two if you're using a dual low-side FET and therefore achieving better thermal performance on your circuit board. Our VNHD 7008 has a dual 8-milli ohm high-side driver and VNHD 7012 has a dual 12-milli ohm high-side driver and using conjunction with external low-side FETs, you can drive fairly high power motors up to 180 watts. They all are 20 kHz PWM compatible and they also have in fact an additional charge pump output in the occasion or the case where you want to drive, for example a reverse battery protection MOSFET. Talking about motor drivers in action, there's many, many different applications that the H-bridge drivers can be used in. We talked about seat control, we talked about power lift, gate locks, latches, bed lifts for example in the hospital environment, agricultural seat planters or sprinklers to controlling any kinds of valves or multi-direction motors, instructional robots, 3D printers, vacuum cleaners, really any application that uses a DC brushed motor. Okay, to wrap up I'd like to talk about some resources that you could use to evaluate and design in VI power technology and VI power parts into your application. To start with we have easy boards. They're very simple small boards with the respective parts ordered onto the board, whether it's a high-side driver or an H-bridge driver, along with all the resistors that you need in order to interface with the microcontroller. There's a simple breakout pattern and a header connector so that you can connect your load and also connect your microcontroller and just test and evaluate the part and its performance thermally and also the logical performance for the diagnostics and protection. As you can see there is an EV-prefix for getting a respective eval board for a given part so if you're looking for an easy board for the VNQ7140 you would essentially order the EV-VNQ7140AJ you can get it through your distributor or directly online on ST.com slash automotive underscore eval boards. We also have flyers and brochures, many many application nodes, design guides, manuals, CAD models for all of our parts and there's also product selection guides and matrices. All of these are available on the resources page of the VI Power Parts and you can also use the ST SmartSelector tool for VI Power products. You can either scan the QR code on the screen right here or go to ST.com slash SmartCell dash VI Power. It's a very simple three-step process that allows you to identify the right part of your design. In fact there's a video that I'd like to play that walks you through the selected tool. Also you could download an app on your Android phone or iPhone through the Play Store or the App Store, search for ST VI Power and you have the same tool available on your mobile platform. Finally, to wrap up we have our Twister Simulator which is a very powerful electro-thermal simulator at state-of-the-art, absolutely cutting edge, the only one of its kind in the market and we launched it very recently, you could download it on ST.com slash Twister Sim. I have a video that I'd like to play here which talks about this tool and once that's done I'll come back and wrap up. This is a device that is used in VI Power technology that allows complex evaluations with accurate dynamic simulations of load compatibility, wiring harness optimization, fault condition impact analysis, diagnostic behavior analysis and dynamic thermal performance. Simulation results including junction and case thermal profiles, load current and diagnostic behavior are known on dedicated scopes views or exported in a number of different commonly used formats in just a few clicks. Twister Sim has an interactive selector that pre-selects suitable devices based on first level system requirements and it assists in describing your actual system configuration with layout, load and driving profile customization to build an accurate model of the final application. Let's try a real example of product selection and simulating its electrical and thermal characteristics using Twister Sim. Click on interactive selector button and enter your typical and maximum supply voltages, device topology, number of channels, load type and load characteristics. A PWM source type is typically selected for LED or lighting applications where brightness control is desired or for motor applications where speed or torque control is desired. If no switching is required for the load, select DC. Now set ambient temperature and PCB dissipation area information. All information is automatically displayed by Twister Sim to pre-select suitable devices capable of meeting the requirements. Newer devices and devices that better match your conditions are reported first. The colored labels give a first feedback of expected maximum operating junction temperature. The presence of the Twister Sim logo indicates the availability of simulation models. If the selected device is among those having a simulation model, it is possible to export the selected device and application information into the simulation section. Let's select, for example, the N7140AS. Press the export button to proceed. At this stage, you can further customize your project parameters. You can modify line in, line out, then DC or PWM, loads, resistors, RC load, RL load and lamps. Simulation parameters such as duration and step size. Now it's time to press the simulation button to launch your simulation. A progress bar shows its progress status. At the end of the simulation, Twister Sim automatically opens a scope view to display the simulation results. However, a plot button becomes active as well during the simulation to check the results while the simulation is in progress. Now you can customize the data displayed in different plots according to your needs. Adding new plots. Adding a new curve in a plot. Adding a new function. Adding a new curve. Zooming an area of interest. At the end of the simulation, you can save and export simulation data in different formats to facilitate result analysis. Thank you for your attention. Excellent. We hope that that video added value to you and that it's inspired you to go to ST.com slash Twister Sim and download the evaluation version. Of course, you can get the free version once you follow the screen instructions. It's a very simple registration process where you enter your details. You'll get an unlock code for free and then you could use the full version as well. But that concludes our presentation for today. Again, thank you very much for attending and thank you for your attention.