 الحمد لله رب العالمين إنه الحمد الحسن والثناء الجميل وشدوى الله إلا إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول الحق وهو يهدي السبيل وشدوى النسيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعلى آله واصحابه والتابعين لهم بحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد إن شاء الله تعالى سنرى المدخل إلى علوم القرآن فضبطة إلى قرآن تبزك الله وخينا طروق في تقديم سوف نتحدث عن المكي هو المدني Today we're going to speak about المكي هو المدني المك dei صور says مديني سورا المكي هو المدني ما يengول المكي المكي هو ما نزل قبل الهجرح هل هناك الكثير من المشاهدين؟ المكي هو أي شيء that came down before the Hijrah ما نزل قبل الهجرح أي شيء that came down before the Hijrah المساعدة التي نقول before the Hijrah even if it came down in other than Makkah it doesn't have to come down in Makkah it's as long as it's before the Hijrah مثل إذا كان المساعدة صلى الله عليه وسلم كانت في طايف و this is before the Hijrah he was in Taif remember when he got stoned and pushed out of Taif القرآن that came down in Taif is called Makki because it came down before the Hijrah are you with me brothers and anything that came down بعد the Hijrah ما نزل anything that came down in what after the Hijrah it's considered what مدني even if it came down in Makkah are you with me brothers like the ayat that came down in Hajj اليوم أكملت لكم دينكم وأتممت عليكم نعمتي و رضيت لكم الإسلام الدينة it came down in Arafa but what is it called مدني even though it's Makkah and it's inna it's called what مدني why because it came down after the Hijrah are you with me brothers so now we understand what is Makki and Medeni this is the strongest opinion that Makki is anything that came down before the Hijrah and Medeni is what came down after after the Hijrah anything that came down after the Hijrah that's the first point the first point was today what to define what Makki means and to define what مدني means good now we're going to move on to the next one which is how many Suras in the Quran are Makki and how many Suras in the Quran are Medeni how many Suras are Medeni and how many are Makki the Medeni are 20 the Medeni are 20 20 of it is Medeni and the second one is Makki is about 80 82 and 12 is disputed so we divide it into 3 are you with me brothers 82 of them came down in what Makka 20 of it came down in what and 12 of it is disputed is it Makki or is it Medeni خلاف does that make sense benefit take this benefit down which one is more who believes which one if you believe Makki is more I believe Makki is more who believes Medeni is more I also believe Medeni is more how did that happen good so Makki is more in numbers of Suras and Medeni are more in size if you open the Quran now and you look at the 20 that are Makki Medeni you see is bigger is more thicker then the part that's what the Suras that are Makki are small does that make sense and this is the justice of Allah and 12 is what 12 is مختلفن فيه it's disputed where should we take it should we say Makki should we say Medeni in case scholars disputed regarding it so what would we do we define what Makki and Medeni means true or false true or false did I define what Makki and Medeni is we now know what it is right point number 2 did I tell you how much Makki are and how much are Medeni did I yeah good point number 3 how do we recognize Makki and how do we know Medeni how do we recognize it الطريق إلى معرفة المكي طريق إلى معرفة المدني so the next point is how do we recognize it how do you recognize what is Makki الطريق إلى إلى معرفة إلى معرفة المكي والمدني how do we recognize it number 1 the first way that we recognize it is it's in two ways first of all it's in what it's in two ways the first one is انقلو السماعي the first one is انقلو السماعي by transmission transmission transmission is the first way that we know Makki from Medeni نقل here is transmission السماعي is oral transmission okay oral oral transmission meaning the companions will say to us that this سورة came down here and this one came down it came down ولي ذلك عبدالله من عباس من it came to the ayah يا ايو النبي حسبك الله ومن يتبعك من المؤمنين this ayah with him عباسي he said نزل بعد إسلام عمر آفت أبو عمر رضي الله عنه became a Muslim الله said this ayah يا ايو النبي حسبك الله الله is enough for you Muhammad you and your followers الله is going to take care of you look at that عمر is coming to Islam انا for Islam and the Muslims are you with me brothers when did عمر take Islam Makka or Medina then we know this ayah is what we know it's Makki we know it's what we know it's Makki so this is نقل سماعي we have oral transmission for it also the ayah الله سبحانه وتعالى he says بلساعة ومعيدهم والساعة أدها وأمر عايش رضي الله تعالى عنها she said she said it came down وانا عنده I was with him صلى الله عليه وسلم it came down she said صورة البقرة عايش رضي الله تعالى عنها and صورة النساء what did she say I was with the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم when it came down so we know صورة النساء and صورة البقرة and this ayah in صورة القمر all of them came down in what in Medina because the prophet when did he enter on to Aisha in Medina and this is نقل سماعي only I have a chain صحابي سينس I'm a Sahabi of Sainess the second type in which we can know what is the second way to know Makki from Medini is القياس are you with me brothers the first one that I mentioned which is النقل السماعي the first one which one's fall into this the two types that we mentioned before the 82 that were what that were Makki and the 20 that were what Medini all of those are نقل السماعي we have transmission for that that's why those are agreed like in the 12 that are disputed is all based upon what القياس are doing independent reasoning what are they doing the independent reasoning they're looking how can we know this is each one is saying it follows my guidelines it's not following your guidelines it's actually following my guidelines it's Medini it's Makki I found this characteristics in it okay in order to say that it's Makki okay we're gonna now stand over this one this one we already know we have sent it for it we have a chain we look into it Makki and Medini this 12 what guideline did the scholars follow in order to determine it's Makki or Medini does that make sense this 12 am I making sense yeah why does it feel like I'm not why do I feel like I'm not making sense okay how did they how did they recognize it or how did they determine these 12 they follow two things what did they follow they follow two things the first one is called السيمات اللفضية and the second one is السيمات الموبو what did they follow السيمات اللفضية they looked at the wordings that are used in Makki and the wordings that are used in Medina and they made that their distinguishing factor so السيمات here means السيمات means characteristics attributes so they looked at the wordings what type of wordings okay were used in Makki and if they see that in an ayah they say what because they already have 20 and they have 82 which is Makki so they look at the 20 of Makka that they have I mean 20 of Medina that they have and they use that as a guideline to identify and the 82 which is Makka they look at the wordings that are used here for example let's look at wordings that are known to be used the word كلا the word كلا this word كلا is known as a in the صور المكية the word كلا it's known in Makka it's been used in Makka the reason is because they say it's been used as a زجر and a توبيخ rebuking scolding and they said this was because of the مشنكي قرش this is the language that was used for قرش كلا when you read in the Quran كلا لا تطوع هو سجد وقترب you'll find that so it's صور مكية the second thing that they mention is سجد سجد سجده the wordings that are mentioned to prostrate فسجد لله وعبودون it's used in Makka so the second one is so the word كلا I recommend it's سجود التلاوة okay سجود تلاوة it's wordings that are used in what it's مكن so they identified that with مكة القسم promises and oaths that are used like لا أقسموا بهذا البلد والفجر والضحا عن والليون all of them are what they generally what القسم so they looked at these words and they these are مكن or مدنين very good when we look at wordings that talk about حدود حدود meaning capital punishments فرائف obligatory acts like this obligatory have to do this action mainly شرائع legislations زكات صوم حج things like that they are generally مدنين are you with me brothers نفاق and the منافقين there wasn't no منافقين in مكة are you with me brothers but in مدينة there was منافقين so exposing the منافقين and talking about the منافق is in مدينة so these are wordings that they realize what سمات لفضية this is where the اجتحاد is based on are you with me brothers the second way that they look at it is سمات موضوعية they look at the topic that's been discussed here are you with me brothers they may not see the word that they're looking for but they might look at the topic that is talking about سمات موضوعية the overall meaning of this verse what is it talking about so for example the سورة in مكة they talk about mainly what اقيدة they talk about التوحيد ابعال الشرق speaking about شرق I do worshipping believing in the resurrection صحيح that topic and that meaning it's mainly what good مديني اللاكن what is it known for it's known for the topics of عبادة right the topics of عبادة that we know books of عبادة what do they deal with generally if you open a a fiq book and you're studying a fiq book fiq book the scholars they categorize into harmony there's different types of تقسيمات but at عبادة and then you have المعاملات and then you have النكاح and then you have الحدود the transaction is معاملات بويور and stuff like that fiq books are only these four are you with your brothers so you عبادة this is issues pertaining to مدينة المعاملات the transaction buying and selling مدينة it's where مدينة came نكاح and its rulings مدينة what this came about in مدينة الحدود capital punishments and whatnot all of this came in what in مدينة generally speaking لكن ما يتعلق بالتوحيد والبعث والمشور resurrection day of judgment believing in الله تعالى and et cetera this is mainly what mainly مكة mainly مكة okay it doesn't mean it wasn't mentioned in مدينة but مدينة now other things have been adding on now also مدينة it has they realized and there's a dispute whether we should put this into سمات العفضية or the سمات الموضوعية مدينة if you look at it the ayat are longer and he make the ayat what شوطة I want to take a benefit out of this ابن القيم well he took the benefit out of it but I want to share it with you do you know why شوطة versus and مدينة has longer verses because مكة the people were eloquent they were Arabs they didn't need a lot of كلام summarized to the point they understood like in مدينة they were not as eloquent as the people of مكة so the ayat needs to explain itself more more more and this is something that brings me to the next point which is why is it beneficial to learn مكة and مدينة all of these are things that you learn when you're talking to a group of people who are intellectual and smart there's a way that you talk to them and when you're talking to a people who need some things to be broken down and to be made easy and to explain and explain and explain you learn to do that this is where they take from بلاغة مراعات مختض المخاطب observing who you're talking to and the person you're discussing with the Quran teaches you how to talk it teaches you are you with me brothers it teaches you before you speak to this person find out what is it that they are lacking what are they lacking and in marketing before you go for an interview right job what do you do you look up the company that's going to give you the jobs you learn about it you see whether they are their history they're about and then when they ask you questions you say yeah I've looked at your company your revenues this much and this is how much you turned over in the gross profit and when they see you've read about them what happens you know we're going to give you the job man you're a really serious guy but all of these are found in the Quran and the Sunnah what did the process I'm saying to Mu'ad ya Mu'ad Mu'ad you're going to go to the people of the scripture he told me in advance be careful these are not normal people they are not they have a scripture they have a book they have a religion they're going to come with doubts they're going to come out with arguments they're going to come out with points إنك ستأتي قوم هالي كتاب are you with me brothers learning who you're going to talk to and who you're going to and who you're going to discuss issues with but if that person comes up to you and he asks you a question your question will be so effective if you try to look at the surroundings and the place that you're at are you with me brothers well like some of the Mashayikhs when they came and visited us in the UK the first day what they would do is they would ask us about the country and the culture and what is it that the people do and how do people spend their time so some of the Mashayikh do that so when they gave the fatwa they knew where the answer was going are you with me they knew how they were dealing with the issue because the fatwa it revolves around to know the waka that you're dealing with and the situation that you're dealing with and the people that you're tackling their issue okay so those are the benefits that learning Maki and Medeni benefits you also by studying a Maki and a Medeni what does it also give you it gives you the ability to know what verse is abrogated and what is an abrogated for example if we can't reconcile between a Maki and a Medeni what do we do we'll say that the Maki abrogated the Medeni sorry that the Medeni abrogated the Maki the Medeni because he came later he abrogated this ruling this ruling is no longer implemented are you with me knowing the timing that's the benefit it helps you when you come to the chapter of ما يتعلق بالتعارض والترجيح texts coming together how to reconcile between them or benefit you you'll also learn how to give Dawah just by studying Maki and Medeni you will learn how to give Dawah how the messenger and how he gave what in Medina are you with me brothers I thank you that is what we needed for today regarding this one إن شاء الله أسأل الله أن يبارك فيكم وأن يوفقكم لما يحبه ويرضع وينجعلكم من أهل القرآن أهله وخاصته anything which I have said that was wrong or incorrect is from me and Shaytan and Allah and his messenger are free from it سبحانك اللهم بحمدك أشهد ولا إله إلا الله استغفرك واتوب إلي any questions أفضل yes doesn't mean every sura that's Maki that every ayah in it is Maki some scholars will say this sura is Maki إلا آية كذا وكذا this sura is Maki except ayah so and so it's Medeni are you with me brothers it could happen when did it started to come out as you can see I'm sorry as in these were the because it was stated remember they didn't give all of their importance the brother asked a very good question he said where did they find out Maki from Medeni and I said the Sahab has mentioned it so the brother asked another question he said what about the third group how did they come about then the group that are disputing if the Sahab spoke about this issue that means we should all have the نقل السماعي we don't need which is the Sahab didn't speak about every verse there are some places nobody spoke about we don't have no no oral textual evidence for it silent about no one spoke about it no one said anything about it that's why you find that some of the scholars they differ on the abrogation due to the fact of Maki and Medeni well in that he can there's a line of poetry that I advise you all to memorize if you want to know all of the which are Maki and all of the which are Medeni I will speak to brother Munawar and insha'Allah he will send you the lines of poetry to or benefit you you'll learn the which are Medeni Maki today I apologize I really went fast in Aqidah but I had to it was my last class I had no other option I had no other option I had to go fast in Aqidah but I know insha'Allah it's recorded so be with me you can go to the recording and go over it again and again and if you do have any questions on any issue regarding the Aqidah that I said that you didn't understand insha'Allah you can call in to have a session with me and the word call Munawar you can have a session ask me the questions that you have if you want me to explain some issues for you why did I say that why did I say that some brothers they were like you have that option insha'Allah okay there's three questions from the sisters please repeat the three things that the Prophet ﷺ asked Allah out of which two were granted the three that he asked them was that Allah does not punish the people with one punishment what they call a natural disaster we don't believe it's natural disaster or Allah is testing okay it's not natural it doesn't just happen it happens with whose will so like floods earthquakes it happens but the Prophet made that it doesn't happen to the so you're not going to see the whole world earthquake today it won't happen but it might happen in one place and not another place so Allah said I'll give that to you the second du'a that the Messenger ﷺ was our Allah don't bring an enemy to my umma يستريح بيضطهم that takes everything that they own and takes their land and everything and massacres them and butches them to the umma in totality so it may happen in one place and not another place Allah said I'll give that to you the third one was to divide my umma into groups and they make each other taste pain Allah said this one I won't give you this one I won't give you so this one happens it takes place it's happening everywhere in the world right now my Allah unite us upon the Haqq my Allah unite us upon the Haqq the second question is the two subdivisions under the gulat of the shia'a the two groups we mentioned under the shia'a the gulat we said we said and it's what does means did Allah make promises and what did Allah also promise punishments right is Allah going to fulfill all of the promises that He makes and all the punishments أهل السنة believe Allah will fulfill the promises that He made but as for the punishments because He's very merciful He may choose to not put a person through a punishment لكن المعتزل they believe إن فاد الوعد والوعيد إن فاد الوعد did Allah not promise that He's going to punish you for drinking khamar He's going to punish you there's no way out of this one does that make sense are you there are you there إن شاء عفا عنه إن شاء غفرة إن شاء عذبه إن شاء وعيد الوعد إن شاء عذبه إن شاء ده إن شاء عم كان أنه يجب أن ي lithظ الملح إن شاء وعيد الجليف إن شاء���ه ان she'll kill many peopleهم يجب أن يلهد at a road at a구 at a quran at a civil war andervight سوف نتكيب الكبيرة كل هذه سوف نتكيب في بوكس العقيد إن شاء الله الموضوعية ها مكي مكي أسأل ترحيد عقيدة ترحيد عقيدة ميلي ترحيد and البعث the resurrection those knee are mainly what Makya deal with also and just a side benefit إن شاء الله I would advise you all شيخ سلمان الرحيلي is here right now he's here he's got a door he started yesterday he went through a nice benefit with us I would advise you to all come to benefit إن شاء الله today is after what after Asir try to come إن شاء الله to benefit from that door إن شاء الله it's about marriage and wives and spouse and benefit a lot of us have these questions all the time estimate means characteristics attributes is cool he wrote a lot of books رسالة إلى أهل الثقر any other questions فضل oh sorry you had a question this issue of taking the Quran as a science book مقالف لي مع عليه سلف why because science is based upon ضنيات speculation and assumption and so science is evolving it's changing and one day it's this and one day it's that and so if you say that this ayah means this and the after investigation they find out oh you know what the world is flat it's actually not round okay and then they say to you the world are you saying now there's an ayah for us that supports us and they say you know what it's round again and then you go you got another ayah for that one as well because science is based upon induction it's based upon it's not solid and it's never it's changing and it's time because humans is very weak we haven't seen everything and the Quran has to be still are you with me brothers so interpreting the Quran into science points it has its problems in London what happened we found there was a a mushaf that was found in Birmingham you remember brothers in the UK it was a mushaf was found and I told some brothers let's not give it any publicity because we believe it regardless of whether it's found or not the reason why I say if we give and we use this as evidence and say Alhamdulillah a mushaf has been found and it really resembles the mushaf that we have now we are upon the haq and we use that as an argument what about if they say we found another portion of it it doesn't go according to your Quran what are you going to do now are you with me brothers for us we don't even base our evidence on this mushaf that was found whether it's found or not we have a saaneed طرق chains we looked at it reached something called multitude narration so most of them should be very فطن your way of saying that this is my evidence they look at carbon this is what the carbon dating is what they are using it's not طرق it's not a way to affirm a book so aslan you're in a trouble when later they say we found another portion of the Quran or another part of it you can't get out of it because you used that as the evidence yesterday so it's going to be حلال على بلا بيله when you want it you can use it when you don't you're like no no no this is wrong you can't say that later okay last question that's a long discussion and that's محاضرات it's a long discussion لكن مسألة فيه تفصيل I read the كتاب written by the كتاب because the he talks about it in that book okay stop سبحانك اللهم أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله أستغفر