 Question. 30 seconds. Max. Okay. Grapin. Over here. Is it? No, it's not. I beg your pardon. Sir, can you hear me? Just speak. Can you hear me? Yes, I'm David Hughes from the Pacific Association of Ireland. I was just taken by the notion that Tesla is, in effect, disaggregating the sort of electricity generation. Well, it's more storage, but it provides a way of storing it. And I'm just interested in the phenomenon now, which is the growth of data centers. Here in just now, and Facebook is planning 100 megawatt data server just north of Dublin and Apple about a 240 megawatt data server in Galway, which together would be the same as every single charging station that Tesla now has in America. So that gives you the same idea of scale. It's about 200,000 homes for Facebook, about 400 pounds for Apple. That's the equivalent energy that they will consume. Now, I'm interested, there's a company in Germany which uses... That'd be very quick. You've now 45 seconds. Yeah. There's a company in Germany, which is providing free hot water and space heating by putting a server in people's homes. So what they do is, instead of the heat from a data center being wasted, that heat is then used to provide a secondary function, which is provide hot water and home. So I'm just wondering, with the idea of Nest and Tesla, is there a future for looking and providing data centers in this way, instead of in these big monoliths, which maybe will be the dinosaurs of the future? Okay. Thank you very much. Yes. We heard from German in particular pointing out that Tesla and obviously Nest as well are valley companies. Valley companies are typically the best in the world at acquiring customers. And Amri pointed out later that asked the question, which future would you invest in? And valley companies are also the best in the world at attracting capital. If you guys have all the customers and all the capital in future, what position do you see for utilities in your vision of the future? Okay. Maybe we'll take those two questions first. Would you like to... The image? Yeah. On the first, I don't know the server business well. I've seen a lot of big server farms. But to the point that you were, your premise, I think that, yeah, absolutely what we're moving to is kind of a back to the future kind of concept where energy generation and use used to be widely distributed local. And frankly, we've spent the last 100 years developing scale in the business for very good reasons that actually go to the point of the second gentleman for reasons of economy and democracy and so forth. But the future that these introduction of this technology offers are multiple. Whether it's extension of energy provision to the rural parts of the world that have never been served, more efficient distribution of electricity or generation of electricity in developed parts of the world, and of course, cleaner energy generation and use everywhere, I think that certainly the descaling that some of this technology offers is tremendous. To the gentleman's point here, which is suggestive of an incipient monopoly situation, I don't mean to laugh at the proposition. It's a serious one, but we are at the very earliest stages of the development of some of these technologies and the distribution of these technologies. And while it's wonderful to hear that the reputation of those of us in the valley is as omnipotent as you suggest, I would suggest that our reputation perhaps exceeds us in this regard. And to the point of democracy in the distribution of electricity and the huge improvements that rural electrification have led to all over the world in terms of quality of life and other humanitarian issues, those problems are going to get solved. It is the nature of the less regulated, more free market oriented societies that as the new technologies emerge, they certainly challenge the regulatory and industry structures that they confront, but that over the course of time, open dialogue and the emergence of free market ideas around the provisioning of services emerge to the point where there's no need to either fear the specter of monopoly or the reality of it. It's just a nice simple way of thinking about it. Sure. Go ahead. Go ahead, Scott. Sorry, you've got the floor. Let me let me get hit, take a slightly different version of your question, which it might might be what you were asking. And I've had it put pretty directly to me by some of the utilities with whom we work or would like to work with with whom we'd like to work who say we don't want you to steal our customers. We want to own the customer to which I say nobody owns a customer. The concept of owning a customer is a little bit, I think wrong, wrong, the wrong way to think about it. We have, we continue to try to earn the right to serve a customer through continuing to deliver an outstanding experience, surprising and delighting them. And we believe very strongly that our ability to surprise and delight our customers is going to be amplified to the extent we've got strong partners. We work with Electric Ireland and you can see a display back there, which from a little bit of a distance doesn't necessarily look, you can't tell whether it's a Nest display or an Electric Ireland display. They work with other thermostats as well. There's not just Nest that they're offering. So our view is we can help one another to continue to earn that right to serve our collective customers and there really is no question of ownership in our mind. On your name is? Thank you very much. Jack O'Sullivan, a question there for Tesla. What advice would you give to the Irish government as the strategy that should be employed to enable a far greater use of the electric car in Ireland, given the following three facts. One, that the Irish car is driven far more miles per year than the car in the United States or in any other European country. In fact, number two, that with our dispersed population, it doesn't seem to be possible to have enough charging stations or even enough people who can service the car, which results in the following problem that a person who lives outside Dublin like myself will decide not to buy an electric car because there is nobody there who can service it. So that means there are not enough people to have service agents, so you have a kind of a situation which is like a circle and can't be, how do you break that circle? And finally, how can we get Tesla cars for sale in Ireland? Thank you. What a great question. Anybody over here? Fun for all here. Please. Thank you very much. Thank you for that great question. Hello, Eamon Conway is my name. I'm a co-founder of a home technology company called Claymote here in Ireland. Question for both guys. On the smart heating, smart thermostat scenario, I don't know if Scott has a view as to how mass customer deployment would happen and what the challenges are. And similarly for the Powerwall, I can't remember your figures, three and a half thousand dollars for a 10 kilowatt battery. What would your ambitions be for mass deployment and how would you see the consumer messaging to achieve that? So it's about customer deployment in volume is the challenge I see. Thank you. No, Dermidge. Yeah, exactly. I love your premise. I don't think electric cars are going to work in Ireland, but when are you going to bring yours here? So I think the proposition is simpler than the complications you suggest. I don't know what the driving statistics are in Ireland. But having ridden around the country on a bicycle in my teens, I know that the geography is somewhat compact. The fact is that our cars are built with longer range than frankly they need even in the United States. So the model, the model, the Roadster exploded, you know, previous notions of range by offering 245 miles of range. The model has increased that to 265 miles of range. At 265 miles of range, you cover more than 95% of driving instances in the United States. And frankly, our study is that with 200 miles of range, our empirical study based on the billions of miles that we that our customers have driven, and that we have studied with their permission, that 200 is going to be perfectly sufficient. The problem at the other end of the market is that the Nissan Leaf and others started with a more they started the mass market premise. So they scaled their battery down to the delivery cost of the vehicle and then up with shorter range vehicles that do present a public charging problem with them with a Tesla product, the current or the future, which will have at least 200 miles of range, all almost all of your charging incidents that are going to be in the home. So the charge while you sleep, not a problem, you plug in an existing infrastructure. No need even for special architectures within the room or special equipment for the long range driving experience. So from from Dublin down to let's say, Kerry, we'll have a network of superchargers throughout the throughout the island, as we do everywhere else that we that we operate, which will make that long that that periodic long distance driving experience, both easy, quick and and free. That's not both. That's all three. And so and so that will be that will be the architecture as to the question of when we will be here. It's we're we're certainly studying the opportunity closely. We're not so far away. I can't project a date. But but I think that it's it's conceivable that you'll see us here formally in the near future. Oh, and one other point with respect to service, one of the new unique and positive aspects of an electric drivetrain is that it has much lower service profile. It's efficient because we've taken all of the the friction components out of it in part. So the wear factor has been vastly reduced. And because of its embedded connectivity again with permission, we can diagnose problems and very often correct problems as you sleep over your Wi Fi system. If there's a need for a mechanical fix, we have service centers. That's the first thing we put in any market. We also have what we call Tesla Rangers, a cheap rip off of Texas Ranger construct, where our technicians will come to your driveway and any make any mechanical adjustments that are necessary. So the bottom line is thought all of this through tested it in in strenuous markets. And by the time we get here, I think you'll have an excellent customer experience. And the question is about how how to position it as a mass market product. Did I get it right? Yes. So a couple of things one quick and easy one to point out is it's I think hard to present any product as a mass market product when it's the only one in the category. So having Climote having other products in the category is first and foremost essential. And particularly ones that that fill different niches. So we've got many happy customers. Climote has many happy customers. People don't necessarily all want the same set of features or packaging or or anything with having to do with a product. And so variety really helps. But when it gets down to messaging and how to turn this into truly mass market, I think that the main thing for me, particularly for this audience is not to optimize for the kinds of things, the problems that we as a group, I think are mostly interested in and focused on energy savings, better matching supply and demand with the volatility of renewables. Those things can be part of the messaging, we believe, but our secondary or tertiary to the real things that we think are driving consumers to be interested in this, namely comfort and convenience. And if you looked at our marketing when we launched our product, comfort and convenience were number one and number two, savings was mentioned, but it was it was more as a justification for spending the money on the product. It's only been in the last year or so that we've started to do empirical studies or third parties have done empirical studies to really quantify the energy savings that now we have started to sort of pump up the volume on the energy savings component. And it's also only been in the last year or two that we've started to do things. So for example, when we launched the product, the California Energy Codes Title 24, they had a requirement in there that in order to be a thermostat that could be sold in California, it had to be sold with default settings that were temperatures were in an efficient range and a schedule set. And we said, we think that's a bad idea. We think that will deter people from buying new thermostats, buying an energy star, excuse me, title 24, qualified thermostats, because it pushes them in a way that they don't necessarily want to be pushed. Wouldn't you rather have a large number of people buying thermostats, most of whom let us do our magic in the background to save them energy as opposed to a small number who are buying it because they're okay to be forced into it. So even small things like do you do you how hard you push people to be efficient at the onset knowing that you can over time continue to push the envelope with them, even those things make a big difference. Okay, we've reached the end of this session time-wise. I think we'd all agree that the three presentations have been a great help individually and collectively for policy makers here and I hope very much informed the drafting of the white paper. I use the words in my opening address of incrementalist and gradualist. I think we're confronted by a choice where the white paper continues, the type of thinking we've had, or is courageous enough to take on the type of thinking we just heard from memory lovans and from Damage and from Scott. There's got to be a paradigm shift and we've got to join all the dots because there were a lot of dots here in this session and as to see pardoned upon that's the interconnectivity between all the ideas and products and services that were presented here today will make the difference to the to an energy policy. It's holistic and it's future proved. I hope we have the daring to do that. I want to thank you for coming here and helping us in that particular task. I hope you'll come back again. I hope to have a bottle of champagne in my hand to smash over the first Tesla being put on sale and to join you in driving around Dublin triumphantly. Hope Scott you'll continue to do what as you do. I think the concept of the connected home is just unbelievably important. I was an early customer of Climbout I have to say when it was exhibited about five years ago at the energy show run by SEAI but I realized I've only got one other app on that which is for parking the car. I'm really behind the curve. I suspect everybody else in the room is two and we go away now with a fair amount of resolution to get up to speed. Thank you very much both of you. Thank you.