 Good morning everyone, welcome and we are celebrating but I think that more than celebrating I think we can go over some of the highlights of these 20 years and see how the next 10 years can look like looking at some of the trends that are affecting or affected by open source during the last few years. So of course open source was born after free software. The reality is that it was born based on free software. We all know the issue that free as in English because you have the free as in freedom and free as in beer that is terrible in term of marketing because you always have the issue of explaining which free you are talking about and so what happened is that Richard Stallman created free software developed the concept of free software. It was a mixture of technology and ethics and freedom and many things which we all absolutely share and respect. Unfortunately was not good for marketing was not good for to make free software to have free software in enterprises. Enterprise have their own buzzwords they have their own agenda they have their own vocabulary and free is not a right word for the corporations. So Bruce parents together with a bunch of other people met in early 1998 in Silicon Valley and based on the four main freedom use study improve share and on a number of other rules that have been inserted distilled in the open source definition. They are 10 different rules created the concept of open source and according to what he has recently written open source was a kind of marketing campaign for free software was not anything different. Unfortunately there has been misunderstanding and I think we all should avoid these misunderstandings because the division between free software and open source I still have been I'm still asked why you are a director of open source that means that you are not for free software which I think is just an idiot question. We are all for free software we are for open source software open source is a precondition of free software if you don't have the the code on an open source you cannot basically have free software. So we have to overcome the any kind of division we have to work together to make free and open source or whatever you call it but we know the principles a success not only amongst developers where is definitely a success and the reason to move of Microsoft from Linux as a cancer to we love Linux is just based on the fact that developers definitely prefer Linux to other platforms for development and therefore to get developers you have to be in the open source environment because most of the most dynamic most smarter developers are using Linux and are not using the I would say the operating system of the last decade which is Windows. By the way people was he was telling me I don't know when he codes I never code I don't write a single character of code but I'm a little although I'm 63 and I got my degree in literature believe it or not in 1978 I'm a Linux user and when people ask me also you're old and and not a technical guy and you can use Linux and I said you just need a new wrong connected to your hands to use Linux so if you don't use Linux is your problem is not my problem is is more secure is smarter is configurable I can do it whatever I want I can use it and interoperate with other people without any issue so let's have a very fast look at what open source has been during the first two decades so the first one of course the first one was the decade of advocacy it was the decade where people were looking at open source software in a skeptical and free software of course in a skeptical way they were asking and I actually entered the open source environment in during that decade more or less I've been involved in open source for the last 15 years so most of the last two decades the open source initiative started based on the fact that the open source definition was a reference for open source licenses and therefore it was easier having because if you think the four freedoms are something that you understand once you have started especially for the non-technical people I can tell you what happened to me when I discovered open office that was my entry point in in in a free software environment I started using open office and then I understood what the four freedom were after having started to use the software this is the typical path of a non-technical guy the open source definition is a lot easier to understand for non-technical people because the four freedoms are mostly ethical and of course ethics is is extremely important but when you think about business let's say that there are a few companies around that do business they are not totally ethical but they might use open source as as well so OSI has been the steward of licenses has approved a number a large number of licenses during the first ten years also during the second ten years the idea is not to do the same over the next ten years there are enough open source licenses for everyone you have all the flavors if you want the if you want copy left from strong to weak you have all the flavors if you want to permissive from PSD to Apache or whatever so let's focus on some of these licenses make them mainstream and have the consensus of companies on using licenses yesterday we have seen a guy from Daimler that of course is more known with the name with a brand name of Mercedes and the reality that they the software that they embed on on their cars is linux which is an example that I usually make when I'm speaking at conferences a good you when you press the brake pedal on your machine do you really do you still think that it actions a pump or something like it was in the past and people said of course and said no it sends a command to linux and because it's linux you can be sure that the wheel will stop if it was windows hmm okay let's talk about the wall where when you have crashed in and people say but why this and I say because that is solid and the other one is a joke it's a joke used by billions of people but is a joke anyway so the first decade there were some controversy as you can see the Cisco battle with IBM the alloying documents by Microsoft and although I am looking with a lot of interest to what Microsoft is doing we cannot I personally probably is because I'm Italian I'm old I'm a marketing man so a marketing man is a little bit bastard inside so I will never forget that those documents were published because that is a significant communication in general and it's not enough single we love linux to overcome that kind of communication that lasted for 10 years then let's talk it about it and let's understand how Microsoft can become a good open source community member we are for freedom of course and therefore we must be coherent with our idea so everyone is free to become a good community member but that is not the right way to step to start being a community member so the first the first decade there was a crystallization of consensus around these the licenses and multilateral versus unilateral it's a little bit obscure might be a little bit of obscure but if you think that open source licenses are multilateral open source licenses are the effect of consensus while proprietary licenses are unilateral so it's just it's the consensus of a comp of a single company and of course open source licenses created safe spaces for developers because if you use an open source license you stick around open source license you have a community and you start to have an ecosystem behind you you have organization like free software foundation OSI that are at least driving the idea and making trying to make the idea more popular you have other organization like a software freedom conservancy you have organization like open invention network that is working on the side of patents on open source software so we start to have an ecosystem that all together make it possible the development and not just the development but the growth of open source so Eben Moglen with a very well-known open source advocate and lawyer says that licenses are a constitution for communities and if we think it this is a very nice definition because being one of the founders of the LibreOffice project I can tell you we decided to use we inherited LGPL and we decided to move to MPL and that was based on consensus and MPL today it's really the constitution of our community we strongly feel that MPL is protecting us and is allowing LibreOffice to flourish so open source license we can say that open source licenses are the multilateral consensus of permissions and norms for a community and I really like this definition second decade 2008 2018 where we are now broad enterprise adoption of course when you become more popular then you have software pattern patterns to come and GPL enforcement and in some cases so this is the decade where Microsoft went from Linux is a cancer to we love Linux open source is the de facto market share leader on servers we can look at different the deployment of open source software but it's rather clear that on the cloud open source software is the absolute leader and there are also other areas where open source in in in in a different flavors is the leader we can say that that for mobiles of course iPhones and Macintosh are close products but the reality is that the base of the software it's the roots of that software are on open source in any case so and talking about new ventures and new companies and new developments there is open source in most of the new software that is being developed even if you use proprietary software like Dropbox for instance you will see somewhere based on open source software so and that is what makes me happy because if I see that is based on open source software I trust it more than if it was based on proprietary software I'm not a developer I cannot look into the code but I know that there is someone doing that for me and helping to clean the code and make the code better because the code is open source so the real value of open source is that you can innovate without needing to be the first you can start where the others have stopped and again it's not and of course I'm making many examples related to LibreOffice because I've lived the project for the last years but you exactly LibreOffice started where OpenOffice stopped so today LibreOffice is several years ahead in term of development and the reason of this is that LibreOffice is an independent community-backed product while OpenOffice companies wanted to make OpenOffice a non- independent corporate-backed open source product we should never forget that the situation of OpenOffice today is thanks to IBM Oracle if the if the product is stuck nowhere is because IBM and Oracle wanted to back it at first and they abandoned the product because that there was no interest when they understood that the community was on the LibreOffice side you stay in control of your own resources you can influence the global ecosystem and this is the power of open source we all together can bring can build a better ecosystem for open source software but of course we have to be all together and sometimes as I don't have a again I don't have a technical background so for instance the first time that I discovered Linux I'm very curious so the first time that I tried to install Linux was in 2002 I bought a Red Hat distribution at the time was kind of 15 floppy disks I installed it and at the end when I relaunched the computer the screen was black so I called my friend that suggested me to install Red Hat and and said what's now and he said oh you have to open the terminal and I said no way my religion does not allow me to use the terminal so my religion does not allow me to use outlook and the terminal and partially KDE but KDE I think is a problem of myself as well because I cannot get the philosophy behind KDE I'm on KDE advisory board so this is hilarious I know but I try to install KDE every now and then and then after a couple of days I know no way I cannot use it but definitely my religion does not allow me to use outlook and the terminal and actually the reason why I am involved in open source is the existence of outlook outlook is the worst software ever developed by a quadroman I don't say animal because I would offend the more more genders so quadrumans are only humans and monkeys so I just offend humans and monkeys but just conceiving outlook is a sin by itself and if you think that all the advantages of open source are derived from software freedom and new technologies are possible only with open source talking again about Mercedes the fact that they are able to have a car that is software driven is because they can embed an operating system into a car and the FD operating system manage the car something similar is for networks today you have software defined networks and most software defined networks are based on open source software then maybe you have someone that because of the license makes a proprietary version of the operating system but the reality is that the proprietary version of several network operating system are based on where based originally on open source software so let's see what can or might happen in in the future open source next 10 years we say a simulation and authenticity let's talk about a simulation so I say as a membership or an affiliate program if you look at the logos there it's kind of the who's who of open source if you are representing a not-for-profit a community an open source organization and you're not affiliated OSI I strongly advise you to join because together we can really improve the ecosystem when I talk as a OSI representative I am backed by all these projects and this gives me a strength when I discuss with people because I'm representing operating system I'm representing communities projects I'm representing softwares I'm representing the best of the open source and the best of free software of course so that is extremely important you are really invited to join it's very easy there is a module on the website you just fill in you will deal with Patrick Masson our Gen Executive Director and the first meeting after Patrick has done the due diligence you will be approved by the board and we will start doing things together for instance we have a few African organization and I'm proud to say that in some African communities open source is making a dent thanks also to the combined effort of several OSI affiliates so what is going to to happen in the next 10 years will change community styles I think that we have to be to understand that we have to overcome the community boundaries and work more together different communities instead of starting to decide I've recently at a meeting I've seen a representative of Ubuntu open source and Fedora starting to discuss about the beats and bytes in their distribution I think that they were losing their time they should talk on how together they can address more enterprises more companies to have them deploy open source software and so we looking at the the community styles you see we we went from the the enthusiast and advocates to professionals in terms of single project companies that we went from really closed and it was probably necessary at first to concentrate internally but in the future we will have to work together license consolidation don't count on OSI to approve many more licenses we will probably start to reduce in them because there are too many and we we also have rediscovered software freedom at first open source was seen as a kind of amoral methodology you were against the private property today hope everyone understands that open source means sharing knowledge and therefore sharing knowledge is the only way forward for the humanity and this is the way forward for software and so OSI is trying to after having crystallized consensus on the licenses and then against licenses because during the second decade we have rejected more licenses than we have accepted in the future we would like to work more on communities and working together working beyond the licenses to make a real business ecosystem around free and open source software I would say we have another ten years I can tell you that I will probably be there I'm 63 so I said officially that I will retire when I will be 76 so I will be there for the next ten years if you accept me of course but the only way we can do that is together so join OSI I'm at the same time an individual member and the representative of two affiliate programs which are the document foundation and the local Italian association associationally Britalia we need the effort of everyone we don't have as many organization affiliate organization in Asia as we would like to have and happy birthday