 section 41 part 5 chapter 8 of Atlantis the antediluvian world by Ignatius Loyola Donnelly this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater Atlantis the antediluvian world by Ignatius Loyola Donnelly chapter 8 the oldest son of Noah that eminent authority Dr. Max Mueller says in his lectures on the science of religion quote if we can find ourselves to the Asiatic continent with its important peninsula of Europe we find that in the vast desert of drifting human speech three and only three oases have been formed in which before the beginning of all history language became permanent and traditional assumed in fact a new character a character totally different from the original character of the floating and constantly varying speech of human beings these three oases of language are known by the name of Terranean Arian and Semitic in these three centers more particularly in the Arian and Semitic language ceased to be natural its growth was arrested and it became permanent solid petrified or if you like historical speech I have always maintained that this centralization and traditional conservation of language could only have been the result of religious and political influences and I now mean to show that we really have clear evidence of three independent settlements of religion the Terranean the Arian and the Semitic concomitantly with the three great settlements of language end quote there can be no doubt that the Arian and another branch which Mueller calls Semitic but which may more properly be called Hermitic radiated from Noah it is a question yet to be decided whether the Terranean or Mongolian is also a branch of the Noacic or Atlantean stock to quote again from Max Mueller quote if it can only be proved that the religions of the Arian nations are united by the same bonds of a real relationship which have enabled us to treat their languages as so many varieties of the same type and so also of the Semitic the field thus opened is vast enough and it's careful clearing and cultivation will occupy several generations of scholars and this original relationship I believe can be proved names of the principal deities words also expressive of the most essential elements of religion such as prayer sacrifice alter spirit law and faith have been preserved among the Arian and among the Semitic nations and these relics admit of one explanation only after that a comparative study of the Terranean religions may be approached with better hope of success for that there was not only a primitive Arian and a primitive Semitic religion but likewise a primitive Terranean religion before each of these primeval races was broken up and became separated in language worship and national sentiment admits I believe of little doubt there was a period during which the ancestors of the Semitic family had not yet been divided whether in language or in religion that period transcends the recollection of every one of the Semitic races in the same way as neither Hindus Greeks nor Romans have any recollection of the time when they spoke a common language and worship their father in heaven by a name that was as yet neither Sanskrit nor Greek nor Latin but I do not hesitate to call this prehistoric period historical in the best sense of the word it was a real period because unless it was real all the realities of the Semitic languages and the Semitic religions such as we find them after their separation would be unintelligible Hebrew, Syriac and Arabic point to a common source as much as Sanskrit Greek and Latin and unless we can bring ourselves to doubt that the Hindus the Greeks the Romans and the Tutans derive the worship of their principal deity from their common Arian sanctuary we shall not be able to deny that there was likewise a primitive religion of the whole Semitic race and that L the strong one in heaven was invoked by the ancestors of all the Semitic races before there were Babylonians in Babylon Phoenicians in Sidon and Tyrus before there were Jews in Mesopotamia or Jerusalem the evidence of the Semitic is the same as that of the Arian languages the conclusion cannot be different these three classes of religion are not to be mistaken as little as the three classes of language the Terranian the Semitic and the Arian they mark three events in the most ancient history of the world events which have determined the whole fate of the human race and of which we ourselves still feel the consequences in our language in our thoughts and in our religion end quote we have seen that all the evidence points to the fact that this original seat of the Phoenician Hebrew family was in Atlantis the great God of the so-called Semites was El the strong one from whose name comes the biblical names Bethel the house of God Hael the strong one Elohim the gods Eloah God and from the same name is derived the Arabian name of God Allah another evidence of the connection between the Greeks Phoenicians Hebrews and Atlanteans is shown in the name of Adonis the Greeks tell us that Adonis was the lover of Aphrodite or Venus who was the offspring of Uranus quote she came out of the sea end quote Uranus was the father of Cronos and the grandfather of Poseidon King of Atlantis now we find Adonis in the Old Testament used exclusively as the name of Jehovah while among the Phoenicians Adonis was the supreme deity in both cases the root ad is probably a reminiscence of ad Luntis there seems to exist similar connections between the Egyptian and the Terranean mythology the great God of Egypt was Neff or Noom the chief God of the Samoyedis is Noom and Max Muller established an identity between the Noom of the Samoyedis and the God Yum Allah of the Finns and probably the name of the God Numb of the Thabitians that mysterious people the Etruscans who inhabited part of Italy and whose bronze implements agreed exactly in style and workmanship with those which we think were derived from Atlantis were it is now claimed a branch of the Terranean family quote at a recent meeting of the English Philological Society great interest was excited by a paper on Etruscan numerals by the reverend Isaac Taylor he stated that the long sought key to the Etruscan language had at last been discovered to dice had been found in a tomb with their six faces marked with words instead of pips he showed that these words were identical with the first six digits in the Altaic branch of the Terranean family of speech guided by this clue it was easy to prove that the grammar and vocabulary of the 3,000 Etruscan inscriptions were also Altaic the words denoting kindred the pronouns the conjugations and the declensions corresponded closely to those of the Tartar tribes of Siberia the Etruscan mythology proved to be exactly the same as that of the Kalevala the great Finnic epic end quote according to Lenormon ancient history of the east volume one page 62 volume two page 23 the early contests between the Arian's and the Terranians are represented in the Iranian traditions as quote contests between hostile brothers the Ugro Finnic races must according to all appearances be looked upon as a branch earlier detached than the others from the Geophetic stem end quote if it be true that the first branch originating from Atlantis was the Terranian which includes the Chinese and Japanese then we have derived from Atlantis all the building and metal working races of men who have proved themselves capable of civilization and we may therefore divide mankind into two great classes those capable of civilization to arrive from Atlantis and those essentially and at all times barbarian who hold no blood relationship with the people of Atlantis Humboldt is sure quote that some connection existed between ancient Ethiopia and the elevated plane of Central Asia end quote there were invasions which reached from the shores of Arabia into China quote an Arabian sovereign Shamar Yarrash Abu Karib is described by Hamza Nwairi and others as a powerful ruler and conqueror who carried his arms successfully far into Central Asia he occupied Samarkand and invaded China he erected an edifice at Samarkand bearing an inscription in Himyarite or Kushite characters quote in the name of God Shamar Yarrash has erected this edifice to the son his Lord end quote Baldwin's prehistoric nations page 110 these invasions must have been prior to 1518 BC Charles Walcott Brooks read a paper before the California Academy of Sciences in which he says quote according to Chinese annals Taiko Fuki the great stranger king ruled the kingdom of China in pictures he is represented with two small horns like those associated with the representations of Moses he and his successor are said to have introduced into China picture writing like that in use in Central America at the time of the Spanish conquest he taught the motions of the heavenly bodies and divided time into years and months he also introduced many other useful arts and sciences now there has been found at Copan in Central America a figure strikingly like the Chinese symbol of Fuki with his two horns and in like manner there's a close resemblance between the Central American and the Chinese figures representing earth and heaven either one people learned from the other or both acquired these forms from a common source many physical geographical facts favor the hypothesis that they were derived in very remote ages from America and that from China they passed to Egypt Chinese records say that the progenitors of the Chinese race came from across the sea end quote the two small horns of Taiko Fuki and Moses are probably a reminiscence of ball we find the horns of ball represented in the remains of the Bronze Age of Europe Bells sometimes wore a tiara with his bulls horns the tiara was the crown subsequently worn by the Persian kings and it became in time the symbol of papal authority the Atlanteans having domesticated cattle and discovered their vast importance to humanity associated the bull and cow with religious ideas as revealed in the oldest hymns of the Arians and the cow headed idols of Troy a representation of one of which is shown on the preceding page upon the head of their great god ball they placed the horns of the bull and these have descended in popular imagination to the spirit of evil of our day burn says quote oh thou whatever title suit the old horny Satan Nick or Clutie end quote Clutie is derived from the cleft hoof of a cow while the Scotch name for a bull is Bill a corruption probably of Bell less than 200 years ago it was customary to sacrifice a bull on the 25th of August to the quote God Mowry end quote and quote his devil ends end quote on the island of Innis Murray Scotland the past in the present page 165 the trident of Poseidon has degenerated into the pitchfork of Beelzebub and when we cross the Atlantic we find in America the horns of ball reappearing in a singular manner the first cut on page 429 represents an idol of the mochi of New Mexico the head is very bull like in the next figure we have a representation of the war god of the Dakotas with something like a trident in his hand while the next illustration is taken from Sirate's Peru and depicts quote the god of a degrading worship end quote he is very much like the traditional conception of the European devil horns pointed ears wings and poker compare this last figure from Peru with the representation on page 430 of a Greek siren one of those cruel monsters who according to Grecian mythology sat in the midst of bones and blood tempting men to ruin by their sweet music here we have the same birdlike legs and claws as in the Peruvian demon herein shows that a great overland commerce extended in ancient times between the Black Sea and great Mongolia he mentions a temple of the sun and a great caravanserai in the desert of Gobi Arminius von Buri in his travels in Central Asia describes very important ruins near the eastern shore of the Caspian Sea at a place called Gumi steppe and connected with these are the remains of a great wall which he followed quote 10 geographical miles end quote he found a vast aqueduct 150 miles long extending to the Persian mountains he reports abundant ruins in all that country extending even to China the early history of China indicates contact with a superior race quote Fu he who is regarded as a demigod founded the Chinese Empire 2852 BC he introduced cattle taught the people how to raise them and taught the art of writing American cyclopedia article China he might have invented his alphabet but he did not invent the cattle he must have got them from some nation who during many centuries of civilization had domesticated them and from what nation was he more likely to have obtained them than from the Atlanteans whose colonies we have seen reached his borders and whose armies invaded his territory quote he instituted the ceremony of marriage end quote I bid this also was an importation from a civilized land quote his successor Shin noong during a reign of 140 years introduced agriculture and medical science the next emperor Wang Tee is believed to have invented weapons wagons ships clocks and musical instruments and to have introduced coins weights and measures end quote I bid as these various inventions in all other countries have been the result of slow development running through many centuries or are borrowed from some other more civilized people it is certain that no emperor of China ever invented them all during a period of 164 years these then were also importations from the West in fact the Chinese themselves claim to have invaded China in the early days from the Northwest and their first location is placed by Winchell near Lake Bulkat a short distance east of the Caspian where we have already seen Aryan Atlantean colonies planted at an early day quote the third successor of he tiku established schools and was the first to practice polygamy in 2357 his son Yao ascended the throne and it is from his reign that the regular historical records begin a great flood which occurred in his reign has been considered synchronous and identical with the no acic deluge and to Yao is attributed the merit of having successfully battled against the waters end quote there can be no question that the Chinese themselves in their early legends connected their origin with the people who were destroyed by water in a tremendous convulsion of the earth associated with this event was a divine personage called new va Noah Sir William Jones says quote the Chinese believed the earth to have been wholly covered with water which in works of undisputed authenticity they describe as flowing abundantly then subsiding and separating the higher from the lower ages of mankind that this division of time from which their poetical history begins just proceeded the appearance of fohe on the mountains of chin end quote discourse on the Chinese asiatic researches volume to page 376 the following history of this destruction of their ancestors vividly recalls to us the convulsion depicted in the Chaldean and American legends quote the pillars of heaven were broken the earth shook to its very foundations the heavens sunk lower toward the north the sun the moon and the stars changed their motions the earth fell to pieces and the waters enclosed within its bosom burst forth with violence and overflowed it man having rebelled against heaven the system of the universe was totally disordered the sun was eclipsed the planets altered their course and the grand harmony of nature was disturbed end quote a learned Frenchman Monsieurs terriens de la coupérie member of the asiatic society of Paris has just published a work 1880 in which he demonstrates the astonishing fact that the Chinese language is clearly related to the Chaldean and that both the Chinese characters and the cuneiform alphabet are degenerate descendants of an original hieroglyphical alphabet the same signs exist for many words while numerous words are very much alike Monsieurs de la coupérie gives a table of some of these similarities from which I quote as follows English to shine Chinese moot chaldea mull English to die Chinese moot chaldea meat English book Chinese king chaldea kin English cloth Chinese seek chaldea seek English right hand Chinese deck chaldea zag English hero Chinese ton chaldea dun English earth Chinese ken chi chaldea ken gi English cow Chinese lube chaldea lu or loop English brick Chinese coup chaldea coup this surprising discovery brings the Chinese civilization still nearer to the Mediterranean headquarters of the races and increases the probability that the arts of China were of Atlantean origin and that the name of nai huang tea or nai courtee the founder of Chinese civilization may be a reminiscence of na cun ta the chief of the gods as recorded in the Sucian texts and this in turn a recollection of the deva na husha of the Hindus the Dionysus of the Greeks the king of Atlantis whose great empire reached to the quote farthest parts of India end quote and embraced according to Plato quote parts of the continent of America end quote linguistic science achieved a great discovery when it established the fact that there was a continuous belt of languages from Iceland to Ceylon which were the variant forms of one mother tongue the Indo-European but it must prepare itself for a still wider generalization there is abundant proof proof with which pages might be filled that there was a still older mother tongue from which Aryan Semitic and Hamitic were all derived the language of Noah the language of Atlantis the language of the great quote aggressive empire end quote of Plato the language of the empire of the Titans the Arabic word bin within becomes when it means interval space bin on this is the German and Dutch bin and Saxon bin on signifying within the Ethiopian word or to fall asleep is the root of the word Morpheus the god of sleep the Hebrew word Hanna to dwell is the parent of the Anglo-Saxon inna and Icelandic in me a house and of our word in a hotel the Hebrew word novel or knuffle signifies to fall from it is derived our word fall and fool one who falls the child E word is nubble to make foul and the Arabic word nebel means to die that is to fall and from the last syllable of the Chaldee Nassar to saw we can derive the Latin Serra the high German Zagan the Danish Zoga and our word to saw the Arabic nefideh to fade is the same as the Italian Fado the Latin Fatou's foolish tasteless the Dutch Vadden and our to fade the Ethiopian word gabber to make to do and the Arabic word Jeber to make strong becomes the Welsh word gober to work to operate the Latin operor and the English operate the Arabic word a bear we see this route in the Welsh bar a summit and par a spear and pair a spit whence our word spear in the Chaldee Syriac and Arabic Zug means to join to couple from this the Greeks obtained Zugos the Romans you go and we the word yoke while the Germans obtained Yoke or Yoke the Dutch Yoke the Swedes Oak the Sanskrit is Juga the Arabic son to be old reappears in the Latin Senex the Welsh hen and our senile the Hebrew Banna to build is the Irish bun foundation and the Latin Fundo fund are to found the Arabic Baroque to bend the knee to fall in the breast is probably the Saxon Brecau the Danish Brack the Swedish Bracka the Welsh Bregu and our word to break the Arabic Baroque also signifies to rain violently and from this we get the Saxon rain to rain Dutch Reagan to rain Kimbrick Rekia rain Welsh Reg rain the Chaldee word break a branch is the Irish break or break an arm the Welsh break the Latin Brackium and the English brace something which supports like an arm the Chaldee fruck to rub to tread out grain is the same as the Latin Frico Frio and our word rake the Arabic word to rub is fraca the Chaldee rug rug rug means to desire to long for it is the same as the Greek or ego the Latin Borriger the Saxon Reckon the Icelandic Rakhna the German Reichen and are to reach to rage the Arabic Raoka to strain or purify as wine is precisely our English word rack to rack wine the Hebrew word Barra to create is our word to bear as to bear children the great number of words in all the European languages contain this route in its various modifications the Hebrew word kaffar to cover is our word to cover and coffer something which covers and covert a secret place from this route also comes the Latin go perio and the French cover to cover the Arabic word to bind under the belly is our word to shackle from the Arabic well a day and Ethiopian well a day to beget to bring forth we get the Welsh loud or shooting out and hence our word lad our word matter or pus is from the Arabic mad day our word mature is originally from the Chaldee meet the Arabic word amidae signifies to end and from this comes the noun a limit a termination Latin meta and our words meet and meet I might continue this list but I have given enough to show that all the Atlantean races once spoke the same language and that this dispersion on the planes of Sheenar signifies that breaking up of the tongues of one people under the operation of vast spaces of time philology is yet in its infancy and the time is not far distant when the identity of the languages of all the noacic races will be as clearly established and as universally acknowledged as is now the identity of the languages of the Aryan family of nations and precisely as recent research has demonstrated the relationship between Pekin and Babylon so investigation in Central America has proved that there is a mysterious bond of union connecting the Chinese and one of the races of Mexico the resemblances are so great that Mr. Short North Americans of antiquity page 494 says quote there is no doubt that strong analogies exist between the otomi and the Chinese end quote senior nacherra dissertation sobre la lingua otomi Mexico pages 87 88 gives a list of words from which I quote the following Chinese show or throw me tall English the that Chinese II or throw me knee English a wound Chinese 10 or throw me goo move English head Chinese Xiao or throw me sweet English night Chinese 10 or throw me see English tooth Chinese yeah or throw me your English shining Chinese key or throw me he gee English happiness Chinese cool or throw me do English death Chinese Paul or throw me your English no Chinese nah or throw me da English man Chinese nin or throw me and sue English female Chinese till or throw me see tea English son Chinese so or throw me saw English to perfect Chinese one or throw me Juan II English true Chinese Xiao or throw me saw English to mock Chinese pa or throw me da English to give Chinese soon or throw me and sue English honor Chinese who or throw me move English sir Lord Chinese nah or throw me nah English that Chinese who or throw me hey English code Chinese yeah or for me hey English and Chinese who or for me yeah English word Chinese Nugo or for me nga English I Chinese knee or for me new English thou Chinese how or for me know English the good Chinese ta or for me da English the great Chinese Lee or for me tea English gain Chinese whole or for me to English who Chinese pa or for me pa English to leave Chinese move more or for me may English mother recently hair for hammer of Leipzig has published a truly scientific comparison of the grammatical structure of the Choctaw Chikasaw Muscogee and Seminole languages with the Ural Altaic tongues in which he has developed many interesting points of resemblance it has been the custom to ascribe the recognized similarities between the Indians of America and the Chinese and Japanese to a migration by way of bearing straight from Asia into America but when we find that the Chinese themselves only reach the Pacific Coast within the historical period and that they came to it from the direction of the Mediterranean and Atlantis and when we find so many and such distinct recollections of the destruction of Atlantis in the flood legends of the American races it seems more reasonable to conclude that the resemblances between the Othomi and the Chinese are to be accounted for by intercourse through Atlantis we find a confirmation in all these facts of the order in which Genesis names the sons of Noah quote now these are the generations of the sons of Noah Shem Ham and Japheth and unto them were sons born after the flood end quote can we not suppose that those three sons represent three great races in the order of their precedents the record of Genesis claims that the Phoenicians were descended from Ham while the Hebrews were descended from Shem yet we find the Hebrews and Phoenicians united by the ties of a common language common traditions and common race characteristics the Jews are the great merchants of the world 18 centuries after Christ just as the Phoenicians were the great merchants of the world 15 centuries before Christ moreover the Arabians who are popularly classified as Semites or sons of Shem admit in their traditions that they are descended from ad the son of Ham and the 10th chapter of Genesis classes them among the descendants of Ham calling them Seba Havilah Rama etc if the two great so called Semitic stocks the Phoenicians and Arabians are Hamites surely the third member of the group belongs to the same sunburnt race if we concede that the Jews were also a branch of the Hamidic stock then we have firstly a Semitic stock the Teranian embracing the Etruscans the Finns the Tartars the Mongols the Chinese and Japanese secondly a Hamidic family the Sunburnt race a red race including the Kushites Phoenicians Egyptians Hebrews Burbers etc and thirdly a Geophetic or wider stock embracing the Greeks Italians Celts Goths and the men who wrote Sanskrit in other words the entire Aryan family if we add to these three races the Negro race which cannot be traced back to Atlantis and is not included according to Genesis among the descendants of Noah we have the four races the white red yellow and black recognized by the Egyptians as embracing all the people known to them there seems to be some confusion in Genesis as to the Semitic stock it classifies different races as both Semites and Hamites as for instance Shiba and Havilah while the race of mash or Meshach is classed among the sons of Shem and the sons of Japheth in fact there seems to be a confusion of Hamidic and Semitic stocks quote this is shown in the blending of Hamidic and Semitic in some of the most ancient inscriptions in the facility of intercourse between the Semites of Asia and the Hamites of Egypt in the peaceful and unobserved absorption of all the Asiatic Hamites and the Semitic adoption of the Hamidic gods and religious system it is manifest that at a period not long previous the two families had dwelt together and spoken the same language end quote Winchel's pre-Adamites page 36 is it not more reasonable to suppose that the so-called Semitic races of Genesis were a mere division of the Hamidic stock and that we are to look for the third great division of the sons of Noah among the Terranians Francis Lennermont high authority is of the opinion that the Terranian races are descended from Magog the son of Japheth he regards the Terranians as intermediate between the white and yellow races graduating insensibly into each quote the Uzbeks the Osmanli Turks and the Hungarians are not to be distinguished in appearance from the most perfect branches of the white race on the other hand the Chondes almost exactly resemble the Tonguses who belong to the yellow race end quote the Terranian languages are marked by the same agglutinative character found in the American races the Mongolian and the Indian are alike in the absence of a heavy beard the royal color of the Incas was yellow yellow is the color of the imperial family in China the religion of the Peruvians was Sun worship quote the Sun was the peculiar God of the Mongols from the earliest times end quote the Peruvians regarded Pacha Kamak as the sovereign creator Kamakya was the name of a Hindu goddess highly was the burden of every verse of the song composed in praise of the Sun and the Incas mr. John ranking derives the word Allah from the word highly also the word hallelujah in the city of Cuzco was a portion of land which none were permitted to cultivate except those of the royal blood at certain seasons the Incas turned up the sod here amid much rejoicing and many ceremonies a similar custom prevails in China the emperor plows a few furrows and 12 illustrious persons attend the plow after him dual day empire of China volume 1 page 275 the cycle of 60 years was in use among most of the nations of eastern Asia and among the moiscas of the elevated plains of Bogota the keep who quote a knotted reckoning cord was in use in Peru and in China end quote Bancroft's native races volume 5 page 48 in Peru and China quote both use hieroglyphics which are read from above downward end quote Ibed quote it appears most evident to me says humbled that the monuments methods of computing time systems of cosmogony and many myths of America offer striking analogies with the ideas of eastern Asia analogies which indicate an ancient communication and are not simply the result of that uniform condition in which all nations are found in the dawn of civilization and quote exam crit Tom to page 68 quote in the ruined cities of Cambodia which lies farther to the east of Burma recent research has discovered the Ocales like those in Mexico and the remains of temples of the same type and pattern as those of Yucatan and when we reach the sea we encounter at Suku in Java a to Cali which is absolutely identical with that of Tehuantepec Mr. Ferguson said as we advance eastward from the valley of the Euphrates at every step we meet with forms of art becoming more and more like those of Central Asia end quote builders of Babel page 88 Prescott says quote the coincidences are sufficiently strong to authorize a belief that the civilization of Anahuac was in some degree influenced by that of eastern Asia and secondly that the discrepancies are such as to carry back the communication to a very remote period end quote Mexico volume 3 page 418 quote all appearances continues Leonard Monn ancient history of the east volume 1 page 64 would lead us to regard the Terranian race as the first branch of the family of Japheth which went forth into the world and by that premature separation by an isolated and antagonistic existence took or rather preserved a completely distinct physiognomy it is a type of the white race imperfectly developed end quote we may regard this yellow race as the first and oldest wave from Atlantis and therefore reaching farthest away from the common source then came the hermitic race then the Japhetic end of chapter 8 end of section 41 section 42 part 5 chapter 9 of Atlantis the antediluvian world by Ignatius Loyola Donnelly this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater Atlantis the antediluvian world by Ignatius Loyola Donnelly chapter 9 the antiquity of some of our great inventions it may seem like a flight of the imagination to suppose that the mariners compass was known to the inhabitants of Atlantis and yet if my readers are satisfied that the Atlantean were a highly civilized maritime people carrying on commerce with regions as far apart as Peru and Syria we must conclude that they possessed some means of tracing their course in the great seas they traversed and accordingly when we proceed to investigate this subject we find that as far back as we may go in the study of the ancient races of the world we find them possessed of a knowledge of the virtues of the magnetic stone and in the habit of utilizing it the people of Europe rising a few centuries since out of a state of semi-barbarism have been in the habit of claiming the invention of many things which they simply borrowed from the older nations this was the case with the mariners compass it was believed for many years that it was first invented by an Italian named Amalfi AD 1302 in that interesting work good riches life of Columbus we find a curious history of the magnetic compass prior to that time from which we collate the following points quote in AD 1868 it was employed by the Northman end quote the land Nama book volume 1 chapter 2 an Italian poem of AD 1190 refers to it as in use among the Italian sailors at that date in the ancient language of the Hindus the Sanskrit which has been a dead language for 2200 years the magnet was called quote the precious stone beloved of iron end quote the Talmud speaks of it as quote the stone of attraction end quote and it is alluded to in the early Hebrew prayers as calamita the same name given to it by the Greeks the Phoenicians were familiar with the use of the magnet at the prow of their vessels stood the figure of a woman Astarte holding a cross in one hand and pointing the way with the other the cross represented the compass which was a magnetized needle floating in water crosswise upon a piece of reed or wood the cross became the coat of arms of the Phoenicians not only possibly as we have shown as a recollection of the four rivers of Atlantis but because it represented the secret of their great sea voyages to which they owed their national greatness the hyperborian magician carried quote a guiding arrow end quote which Pythagoras gave him quote in order that it may be useful to him in all difficulties in his long journey end quote Herodotus volume 4 page 36 the magnet was called the stone of Hercules Hercules was the patron divinity of the Phoenicians he was as we have shown elsewhere one of the gods of Atlantis probably one of its great kings and navigators the Atlanteans were as Plato tells us a maritime commercial people trading up the Mediterranean as far as Egypt and Syria and across the Atlantic to quote the whole opposite continent that surrounds the sea end quote the Phoenicians as their successors and descendants and colonized on the shores of the Mediterranean inherited their civilization and their maritime habits and with these that invention without which their great voyages were impossible from them the magnet passed to the Hindus and from them to the Chinese who certainly possessed it at an early date in the year 2700 BC the Emperor Wang T place the magnetic figure with an extended arm like the estate of the Phoenicians on the front of carriages the arm always turning and pointing to the south which the Chinese regarded as the principal pole see Goodrich's Columbus page 31 etc this illustration represents one of these chariots in the 7th century it was used by the navigators of the Baltic Sea and the German Ocean the ancient Egyptians called the loadstone the bone of Haruery and iron the bone of Typhon Haruery was the son of Osiris and grandson of Rhea a goddess of the earth a queen of Atlantis and mother of Poseidon Typhon was a wind god and an evil genius but also a son of Rhea the earth goddess do we find in this curious designation of iron and loadstone as quote bones of the descendants of the earth end quote an explanation of that otherwise inexplicable Greek legend about Ducalian quote throwing the bones of the earth behind him when instantly men rose from the ground and the world was repealed end quote does it mean that by means of the magnet he sailed after the flood to the European colonies of Atlantis already thickly inhabited a late writer speaking upon the subject of the loadstone tells us quote Hercules it was said being once overpowered by the heat of the Sun drew his bow against that luminary where upon the god Phoebus admiring his intrapidity gave him a golden cup with which he sailed over the ocean this cup was the compass which old writers have called lapis Heracles piss under says okianus lent him the cup and Lucian says it was a sea shell tradition affirms that the magnet originally was not on a pivot but set to float on water in a cup the old antiquarian is wildly theoretical on this point and sees a compass in the golden fleece of Argos in the irracular needle which narrow worshipped and in everything else yet undoubtedly there are some curious facts connected with the matter Osonius says that gamma and the Portuguese got the compass from some pirates at the Cape of Good Hope AD 1260 Montseuf for she the French antiquarian finds it plainly alluded to in some old poem of Brittany belonging to the year AD 1180 Paolo Venetus brought it in the 13th century from China where it was regarded as oracular Gene brand says Melvias and Neapolitan brought it to Europe in AD 1303 Costa says gamma got it from Muhammad and seaman but all nations with whom it was found associated with regions where Heraclion myths prevailed and one of the most curious facts is that the ancient Britons as the Welsh do today call a pilot fluid load load manage in Skinner's etymology is the word for the price paid to a pilot but whether this famous and afterward deified Mariner Hercules had a compass or not we can hardly regard the association of his name with so many Western monuments as accidental end quote Hercules was as we know a god of Atlantis and Okianos who lent the magnetic cup to Hercules was the name by which the Greeks designated the Atlantic Ocean and this may be the explanation of the recurrence of a cup in many antique paintings and statues Hercules is often represented with a cup in his hand we even find the cup upon the handle of the bronze dagger found in Denmark and represented in the chapter on the bronze age in this work see page 254 and a so irracular an object as this self-moving needle always pointing to the north would doubtless effect vividly the minds of the people and appear in their works of art when Hercules left the coast of Europe to sail to the island of Erythea in the Atlantic in the remote West we are told in Greek mythology Murray page 257 that he borrowed quote the cup and quote of Helios in with which quote he was accustomed to sail every night and quote here we have a reference to the magnetic cup used in night sailing and this is another proof that the use of the magnetic needle in sea voyages was associated with the Atlantean gods Lucian tells us that a seashell often took the place of the cup as a vessel in which to hold the water where the needle floated and hence upon the ancient coins of tire we find a seashell represented here too we have the pillars of Hercules supposed to have been placed at the mouth of the Mediterranean and the tree of life or knowledge with a serpent twined around it which appears in Genesis and in the combination of the two pillars and the serpent we have it is said the original source of our dollar mark compare these Venetian coins with the following representation of a copper coin two inches in diameter and three lines thick found nearly a century ago by Ordonez at the city of Guatemala quote Moncio Dupé noticed an indication of the use of the compass in the center of one of the sides the figures on the same side representing an ealing bearded turbaned man between two fierce heads perhaps of crocodiles which appear to defend the entrance to a mountainous and wooded country the reverse presents a serpent coiled around a fruit tree and an eagle on a hill end quote. Bancroft's native races volume 4 page 118 the mountain leans to one side it is a Kulwakan or crooked mountain we find in Sancho Neathon's legends of the Phoenicians that Uranus the first god of the people of Atlantis quote devised by Tulia contriving stones that moved as having life which were supposed to fall from heaven end quote the stones were probably magnetic load stones in other words Uranus the first god of Atlantis devised the mariners compass I find in the report of United States explorations for a route for a pacific railroad a description of a new Mexican Indian priest who foretells the result of a proposed war by placing a piece of wood in a bowl of water and causing it to turn to the right or left or sink or rise as he directs it this is incomprehensible unless the wood like the ancient Chinese compass contained a piece of magnetic iron hidden in it which would be attracted or repulsed or even drawn downward by a piece of iron held in the hand of the priest or on the outside of the bowl if so this trick was a remembrance of the mariners compass transmitted from age to age by the medicine men the reclining statue of Jack Maul of Central America holds a bowl or dish upon its breast divination was the arse etrusca the Etruscans set their temples squarely with the cardinal points of the compass so did the Egyptians the Mexicans and the mound builders of America could they have done this without the magnetic compass the Romans and the Persians called the line of the axis of the globe cardo and it was to cardo the needle pointed now quote cardo was the name of the mountain on which the human race took refuge from the deluge the primitive geographic point for the countries which were the cradle of the human race end quote Urkarts pillars of Hercules volume one page 145 from this comes our word cardinal as the cardinal points navigation navigation was not by any means in a rude state in the earliest times quote in the wanderings of the heroes returning from Troy are historicus makes men a loss circumnavigate Africa more than 500 years before necko sailed from Gadera to India end quote cosmos volume to page 144 quote in the tomb of Ramses the great is a representation of a naval combat between the Egyptians and some other people supposed to be the Phoenicians whose huge ships are propelled by sails end quote Goodrich's Columbus page 29 the proportions of the fastest sailing vessels of the present day are about 300 feet long to 50 feet wide and 30 high these were precisely the proportions of Noah's Ark 300 cubits long 50 broad and 30 high quote hero of Syracuse built under the superintendents of Archimedes a vessel which consumed in its construction the material for 50 galleys it contained galleries gardens stables fish ponds mills baths a temple of Venus and an engine to throw stones 300 pounds in weight and arrows 36 feet long the floors of this monstrous vessel were inlaid with scenes from Homer's Iliad end quote Ibed page 30 the fleet of Cisostris consisted of 400 ships and when Samiramis invaded India she was opposed by 4,000 vessels it is probable that in the earliest times the vessels were sheeded with metal a Roman ship of the time of Trajan has been recovered from Lake Richiole after 1300 years the outside was covered with sheets of lead fastened with small copper nails even the use of iron chains in place of ropes for the anchors was known at an early period Julius Caesar tells us that the galleys of the Veneti were thus equipped good riches Columbus page 31 gunpowder it is not impossible that even the invention of gunpowder may date back to Atlantis it was certainly known in Europe long before the time of the German monk Bertold Schwarz who is commonly credited with the invention of it it was employed in 1257 at the Siege of Niebla in Spain it was described in an Arab treatise of the 13th century in 8811 the Emperor Leo employed firearms Greek fire is supposed to have been gunpowder mixed with resin or petroleum and thrown in the form of fuses and explosive shells it was introduced from Egypt 86 68 in 86 90 the Arabs used firearms against Mecca bringing the knowledge of them from India in AD 80 the Chinese obtained from India a knowledge of gunpowder there is reason to believe that the Carthaginian Phoenician general Hannibal used gunpowder in breaking away for his army over the Alps the Romans who were ignorant of its use said that Hannibal made his way by making fires against the rocks and pouring vinegar and water over the ashes it is evident that fire and vinegar would have no effect on masses of the Alps great enough to arrest the March of an army Dr. William McGinn has suggested that the wood was probably burnt by Hannibal to obtain charcoal and that the word which has been translated vinegar probably signified some preparation of nighter and sulfur and that Hannibal made gunpowder and blew up the rocks the same author suggests that the story of Hannibal breaking loose from the mountains where he was surrounded on all sides by the Romans and in danger of starvation by fastening firebrands to the horns of 2000 oxen and sending them rushing at night among the terrified Romans simply refers to the use of rockets as McGinn well asks how could Hannibal be in danger of starvation when he had 2000 oxen despair for such an experiment and why should the veteran Roman troops have been so terrified and panic stricken by a lot of cattle with firebrands on their horns at the battle of Lake Trasamine between Hannibal and Flaminius we have another curious piece of information which goes far to confirm the belief that Hannibal was familiar with the use of gunpowder in the midst of the battle there was say the Roman historians and earthquake the earth reeled under the feet of the soldiers a tremendous crash was heard a fog or smoke covered the scene the earth was broke open and the rocks fell upon the heads of the Romans this reads very much as if the Carthaginians had decoyed the Romans into a panic pass where they had already planted a mine and had exploded it at the proper moment to throw them into a panic earthquakes do not cast rocks up in the air to fall on men's heads and that this is not all surmise is shown by the fact that a city of India in the time of Alexander the Great defended itself by the use of gunpowder it was said to be a favorite of the gods because thunder and lightning came from its walls to resist the attacks of the assailants as the Hebrews were a branch of the Phoenician race it is not surprising that we find some things in their history which look very much like legends of gunpowder when Korah Dothan and Abiram led a rebellion against Moses Moses separated the faithful from the unfaithful and thereupon quote the ground clave asunder that was under them and the earth opened her mouth and swallowed them up and their houses and all the men that appertained unto Korah and all their goods and there came out to fire from the Lord and consume the 250 men that offered incense but on the morrow all the congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron saying ye have killed the people of the Lord end quote number 16 31 to 41 this looks very much as if Moses had blown up the rebels with gunpowder Roger Bacon who himself rediscovered gunpowder was of opinion that the event described in Judges 7 where Gideon captured the camp of the Midianites with the roar of trumpets the crash caused by the breaking of innumerable pitchers and the flash of a multitude of lanterns had reference to the use of gunpowder that the noise made by the breaking of the pitchers represented the detonation of an explosion the flame of the lights the blaze and the noise of the trumpets the thunder of the gunpowder we can understand in this wise the results that followed but we cannot otherwise understand how the breaking of pitchers the flashing of lamps and the clanger of trumpets would throw an army into panic until quote every man's sword was set against his fellow and the host fled to Bethsheeta end quote and this too without any attack upon the part of the Israelites for quote they stood every man in his place around the camp and all the host ran and cried and fled end quote if it was a miraculous interposition in behalf of the Jews the Lord could have scared the Midianites out of their wits without the smashed pitchers and lanterns and certainly it is the pitchers and lanterns would not have done the work without a miraculous interposition having traced the knowledge of gunpowder back to the most remote times and to the different races which were descended from Atlantis we are not surprised to find in the legends of Greek mythology events described which are only explicable by supposing that the Atlanteans possessed the secret of this powerful explosive a rebellion sprang up in Atlantis see Murray's manual of mythology page 30 against Zeus it is known in mythology as the war of the Titans quote the struggle lasted many years all the might which the Olympians could bring to bear being useless until on the advice of Gaia Zeus set free the Kiklopes and the heketon Keres end quote that is brought the ships into play quote of whom the former fashioned thunderbolts for him while the latter advanced on his side with force equal to the shock of an earthquake the earth trembled down to lowest Tartarus as Zeus now appeared with his terrible weapon and new allies old chaos thought his hour had come as from a continuous blaze of thunderbolts the earth took fire and the waters seized in the sea the rebels were partly slain or consumed and partly hurled into deep chasms with the rocks and hills reeling after them end quote do not these words picture the explosion of a mine with a quote force equal to the shock of an earthquake end quote we have already shown that the Kiklopes and heketon Keres were probably great warships armed with some explosive material in the nature of gunpowder Zeus the king of Atlantis was known as quote the Thunderer end quote and was represented armed with thunderbolts some ancient nation must in the most remote ages have invented gunpowder and is it unreasonable to attribute it to that quote great original race unquote rather than any one people of their posterity who seem to have borrowed all the other arts from them and who during many thousands of years did not add a single new invention to the list they received from Atlantis iron we have seen that the Greek mythological legends asserted that before the submergence of the great race over whom their gods reigned there had been not only an age of bronze but an age of iron this metal was known to the Egyptians in the earliest ages fragments of iron have been found in the oldest pyramids the Iron Age in northern Europe far and to dated intercourse with the Greeks or Romans in the mounds of the Mississippi Valley as I have shown the remains of iron implements have been found in the Mercurio Peruano Tom 1 page 201 1791 it is stated that quote anciently the Peruvian sovereigns worked magnificent iron mines at Ancoriames on the west shore of Lake Titicaca end quote quote it is remarkable says Molina that iron which has been thought unknown to the ancient Americans had particular names in some of their tongues end quote in official Peruvian it was called Kyliai and in Chilean banilic the mound builders fashioned implements out of meteoric iron fosters prehistoric races page 333 as we find this metal known to man in the earliest ages on both sides of the Atlantic the presumption is very strong that it was borrowed by the nations east and west from Atlantis paper the same argument holds good as to paper the oldest Egyptian monuments contain pictures of the papyrus roll while in Mexico as I have shown a beautiful paper was manufactured and formed into books shaped like our own in Peru a paper was made of plantain leaves and books were common in the earliest ages Humboldt mentions books of hieroglyphical writings among the panos which were quote bundles of their paper resembling our volumes in quarto end quote silk manufacturer the manufacture of a woven fabric of great beauty out of the delicate fiber of the egg cocoon of a worm could only have originated among a people who had attained the highest degree of civilization it implies the art of weaving by delicate instruments a dense population a patient skillful artistic people a sense of the beautiful and a wealthy and luxurious class to purchase such costly fabrics we trace it back to the most remote ages in the introduction to the history of Hindustan or rather of the Mohammedan dynasties by Mohammed Kassim it is stated that in the year 3870 BC an Indian king sent various silk stuffs as a present to the king of Persia the art of making silk was known in China more than 2,600 years before the Christian era at the time when we find them first possessed of civilization the Phoenicians dealt in silks in the most remote past they imported them from India and sold them along the shores of the Mediterranean it is probable that the Egyptians understood and practiced the art of manufacturing silk it was woven in the island of Kos at the time of Aristotle the Babylonian garment referred to in Joshua chapter 721 and for secreting which Akan lost his life was probably a garment of silk it was rated above silver and gold in value it is not a violent presumption to suppose that an art known to the Hindus 3870 BC and to the Chinese and Phoenicians at the very beginning of their history an art so curious so extraordinary may have dated back to Atlantean times civil government mr. Baldwin shows prehistoric nations page 114 that the Kushites the successors of the Atlanteans whose very ancient empire extended from Spain to Syria were the first to establish independent municipal republics and the right of the people to govern themselves and that this system was perpetuated in the great Phoenician communities in quote the fierce democracies and quote of ancient Greece in the quote village republics and quote of the African Berbers and the Hindus in the quote free cities and quote of the Middle Ages in Europe and in the independent governments of the Basques which continue down to our own day the Kushites state was an aggregation of municipalities each possessing the right of self-government but subject within prescribed limits to a general authority in other words it was precisely the form of government possessed today by the United States it is a surprising thought that the perfection of modern government may be another perpetuation of Atlantean civilization agriculture the Greek traditions of quote the golden apples of the Hesperides and quote and quote the golden fleece and quote point to Atlantis the illusion to the golden apples indicate that tradition regarded the quote islands of the blessed end quote in the Atlantic Ocean as a place of orchards and when we turn to Egypt we find that in the remotest times many of our modern garden and field plants were there cultivated when the Israelites murmured in the wilderness against Moses they cried out numbers chapter 1145 quote who shall give us flesh to eat we remember the fish which we did eat in Egypt freely the cucumbers and the melons and the leaks and the onions and the garlic end quote the Egyptians also cultivated wheat barley oats flax hemp etc in fact if we were to take away from civilized man the domestic animals the cereals and the field and garden vegetables possessed by the Egyptians at the very dawn of history there would be very little left for the granaries or the tables of the world astronomy the knowledge of the ancients as to astronomy was great and accurate callisthenes who accompanied alexander the great to Babylon sent to Aristotle a series of Chaldean astronomical observations which he found preserved there recorded on tablets of baked clay and extending back as far as 2234 BC Humboldt says quote the Chaldeans knew the mean motions of the moon with an exactness which induced the Greek astronomers to use their calculations for the foundation of a lunar theory the Chaldeans knew the true nature of comets and could foretell their appearance quote a lens of considerable power was found in the ruins of Babylon it was an inch and a half in diameter and nine tenths of an inch thick end quote layers Nineveh and Babylon pages 16 17 narrow used optical glasses when he watched the fights of the gladiators they are supposed to have come from Egypt and the east Plutarch speaks of optical instruments used by Archimedes quote to manifest to the eye the largeness of the Sun end quote quote there are actual astronomical calculations in existence with calendars formed upon them which eminent astronomers of England and France admit to be genuine and true and which carry back the antiquity of the science of astronomy together with the constellations to within a few years of the deluge even on the longer chronology of the Septuagint end quote the miracle in stone page 142 Josephus attributes the invention of the constellations to the family of the antediluvian Seth the son of Adam while Oregon affirms that it was asserted in the book of Enoch that in the time of that patriarch the constellations were already divided and named the Greeks associated the origin of astronomy with Atlas and Hercules Atlantean Kings or heroes the Egyptians regarded tout art or thought or a totes as the originator of both astronomy and the alphabet doubtless he represented a civilized people by whom their country was originally colonized Bailey and others assert that astronomy quote must have been established when the summer solstice was in the first degree of Virgo and that the solar and lunar zodiacs were of similar antiquity which would be about 4,000 years before the Christian era they suppose the originators to have lived in about the 40th degree of North latitude and to have been a highly civilized people end quote it will be remembered that the 40th degree of North latitude passed through Atlantis Plato knew dialogues Fido 108 that the earth quote is a body in the center of the heavens end quote held in equipoise he speaks of it as a quote round body end quote a quote globe end quote he even understood that it revolved on its axis and that these revolutions produced day and night he says dialogues Timaeus quote the earth circling around the pole which is extended through the universe be made to be the artificer of night and day end all this Greek learning was probably drawn from the Egyptians only among the Atlanteans in Europe and America do we find traditions preserved as to the origin of all the principal inventions which have raised man from a savage to a civilized condition we can give in part the very names of the inventors starting with the chip away legends and following with the bible and Phoenician records we make a table like the appended the invention or discovery fire the race Atlantean the inventors fos four and flocks the bow and arrow chip away manabosu the use of flint chip away manabosu the use of copper chip away manabosu the manufacture of bricks Atlantean Altochthon and Technites agriculture and hunting Atlantean Argos and Agrotes village life and the rearing of flocks Atlantean Aminos and magos the use of salt Atlantean misor and sidic the use of letters Atlantean Tautos or taut navigation Atlantean the cabri or Corribantes the art of music Hebrew jubil metallurgy and the use of iron Hebrew tubulcane the syrinx Greek pan the lyre Greek Hermes we cannot consider all these evidences of the vast antiquity of the great inventions upon which our civilization mainly rests including the art of writing which as i have shown dates back far beyond the beginning of history we cannot remember that the origin of all the great food plants such as wheat oats barley rye and maize is lost in the remote past and that all the domesticated animals the horse the ass the ox the sheep the goat and the hog had been reduced to subjection to man in ages long previous to written history without having the conclusion forced upon us irresistibly that beyond Egypt and Greece beyond Chaldea and China there existed a mighty civilization of which these states were but the broken fragments end of chapter nine end of section 41 section 43 part 5 chapter 10 of Atlantis the handed alubian world by Ignatius Loyola Donnelly this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org recording by Mike Harris Atlantis the antedaluvian world by Ignatius Loyola Donnelly chapter 10 the Aryan colonies from Atlantis we come now to another question did the Aryan or Geophetic race come from Atlantis if the Aryans are the Geophetic race and if Japheth was one of the sons of the patriarch who escaped from the deluge then assuredly if the tradition of Genesis be true the Aryans came from the drowned land to wit Atlantis according to Genesis the descendants of the Japheth who escaped out of the flood with Noah are the Ionians the inhabitants of Moria the dwellers on the Cilician coasts of Asia Minor the Cyprians the Dodonians of Macedonia the Iberians and the Thracians these are all now recognized as Aryans except the Iberians from non biblical sources says Wynchel we obtain further information respecting the early dispersion of the Japhethites or Indo-Europeans called also Aryans all determinations confirm the biblical account of their primitive residents in the same country with the Hamites and the Semites Rawlinson informs us that even Aryan roots are mingled with Presemitic in some of the old inscriptions of Assyria the precise region where these three families dwelt in common home has not been pointed out this from Pre-Adamites page 43 I have shown in the chapter in relation to Peru that all the languages of the Hamites Semites and Japhethites are varieties of one Aboriginal speech the center of the Aryan migrations according to popular opinion within the historical period was Armenia here too is Mount Ararat where it is said the ark rested another identification with the flood regions as it represents the usual transfer of the Atlantis legend by an Atlantean people to a high mountain in their new home now turn to a map suppose the ships of Atlantis to have reached the shores of Syria at the eastern end of the Mediterranean where dwell to people who as we have seen used to the Central American Maya alphabet the Atlantis ships are then but 200 miles distant from Armenia but these ships need not stop at Syria they can go by the Dardanelles in the Black Sea by uninterrupted water communication to the shores of Armenia itself if we admit then that it was from Armenia the Aryans stocked Europe and India there is no reason why the original population of Armenia should not have been themselves colonists from Atlantis but we have seen that in the earlier stages before the first Armenian migration of the historical Aryans a people went from Iberian Spain and settled in Ireland and the language of this people it is now admitted is Aryan and these Iberians were originally according to tradition from the West the Mediterranean Aryans are known to have been in southeastern Europe along the shores of the Mediterranean 2000 BC they at that early date possessed the plow also wheat rye barley gold silver and bronze the Aryan faces are found depicted upon the monuments of Egypt painted 4000 years before the time of Christ the conflict between the Celts and Aryan race and the Iberians were far anterior in date to the settlements of the Phoenicians Greeks Carthaginians and Noachites on the coast of the Mediterranean sea this from the American Cyclopedia article on the Basques there is reason to believe that these Celts were originally part of the population and empire of Atlantis we are told in races of British encyclopedia the article on the titans that Mercury one of the Atlantean gods was placed as ruler over the Keltai and became their great divinity F. Pazaron in his antiquity of the Keltai makes out that the Keltai were the same as the titans the giant race who rebelled in Atlantis and that their princes were the same with the giants of scripture he adds that the word Titan is perfect Celtic and comes from tight the earth and 10 or den man and hence the Greeks very popularly also called them Teregnai or earthborn and it will be remembered that Plato uses the same phrase when he speaks of the race into which Poseidon intermarried as the earthborn primeval men of that country the Greeks who are Aryans trace their descent from the people who were destroyed by the flood as did other races clearly area the nations who are comprehended under the common appellation of Indo-European says Max Mueller the Hindus the Persians the Celts Germans Romans Greeks and Slavs do not only share the same words and the same grammar slightly modified in each country but they seem to have likewise preserved a mass of popular traditions which had grown up before they left their common home Bonfe, El Geiger and other students of the ancient Indo-European languages have recently advanced the opinion that the original home of the Indo-European races must be sought in Europe because their stock of words is rich in the names of plants and animals and contains names of seasons that are not found in tropical countries or anywhere in Asia this again from the American Cyclopedia article on ethnology by the study of comparative philology or the seeking out of the words common to the various branches of the Aryan race before they separated we are able to reconstruct an outline of the civilization of that ancient people Max Mueller has given this subject great study and availing ourselves of his research as we can determine the following facts as to the progenitors of the Aryan stock they were a civilized race they possessed the institution of marriage they recognized the relationship of father mother son daughter grandson brother sister mother-in-law father-in-law son-in-law daughter-in-law brother-in-law and sister-in-law and had separate words for each of these relationships which we are only able to express by adding the words in law they recognized also the condition of widows or the husbandless they lived in an organized society governed by a king they possessed houses with doors and solid walls they had wagons and carriages they possessed family names they dwelt in towns and cities on highways they were not hunters or nomads they were a peaceful people the warlike words in the different Aryan languages cannot be traced back to this original race they lived in a country having few wild beasts the only wild animals whose names can be assigned to this parent stock being the bear the wolf and the serpent the name of the elephant the beast with a hand occurs only twice in the rig veda the singular omission if the Aryans were from time immemorial and asiatic race and when it does occur it is in such a way as to show that he was still an object of wonder and terror to them this from whitney's oriental and linguistic studies page 26 they possessed nearly all the domestic animals we now have the ox and the cow the horse the dog the sheep the goat the hog the donkey and the goose they divided the year into 12 months they were farmers they used the plow their name as a race Aryan was derived from it they were par excellence plowmen they raised various kinds of brain including flax barley hemp and wheat they had mills and millers and ground their corn the presence of millers shows that they had proceeded beyond the primitive condition where each family ground its corn in its own mill they used fire and cooked and baked their food they wove cloth and wore clothing they spun wool they possessed the different metals even iron they had gold the word for water also meant salt made from water from which it might be inferred that the water with which they were familiar was saltwater it's evident they manufactured salt by evaporating saltwater they possessed boats and ships they had progressed so far as to perfect a decimal system of enumeration in itself says max miller one of the most marvelous achievements of the human mind based on an abstract conception of quantity regulated by a philosophical classification and yet conceived nurtured and finished before the soil of europe was trodden by greek roman slab or teuton the ancient egyptian plow and herein we find another evidence of relationship between the Aryans and the people of atlantis although Plato does not tell us that the atlantians possessed the decimal system of enumeration nevertheless there are many things in his narrative which point to that conclusion there were ten kings ruling over ten provinces the whole country was divided into military districts or squares ten stadia each way the total force of chariots was ten thousand the great ditch or canal was one hundred feet deep and ten thousand stadia long there were one hundred neryaids etc in the peruvian colony the decimal system clearly obtained the army had heads of ten fifty a hundred five hundred a thousand ten thousand the community at large was registered in groups under the control of officers over tens fifties hundreds and so on this from herbert spencer development of political institutions chapter ten the same division into tens and hundreds obtained among the anglo saxons where we ask could this ancient nation which existed before greek was greek kelp was kelp hindu was hindu or goth was goth have been located the common opinion says in armenia or bactria in asia but where in asia could they have found a country so peaceful as to know no terms for war or bloodshed a country so civilized as to possess no wild beast save the bear the wolf and the serpent no people could have been developed in asia without bearing in its language traces of century long battles for life with the rude and barbarous races around them no nation could have fought for ages for existence against man-eating tigers lions elephants and hyenas without bearing the memory of these things in their tongue a tiger identical with that of bengal still exists around lake arrow in asia from time to time it is seen in Siberia the last tiger killed in 1828 was on the lina in latitude 52 degrees 30 minutes in a climate colder than that of st. Petersburg and Stockholm the fathers of the arian race must have dwelt for many thousand years so completely protected from barbarians and wild beasts that they had last lost all memory of them and all words descriptive of them and where could this have been possible saving some great long civilized land surrounded by the sea and isolated from the attack of the savage tribes that occupy the rest of the world and if such a great civilized nation had dwelt for centuries in asia europe or africa why have not their monuments long ago been discovered and identified where is the race who are their natural successors and who must have continued to live after them in that shelter than happy land where they knew no human and scarcely any animal enemies why would any people have all together left such a home why when their civilization had spread to the ends of the earth did it cease to exist in the peaceful region where it originated savage nations cannot usually count beyond five this people had names for the numerals up to one hundred and the power doubtless of combining these to still higher powers as three hundred five hundred ten hundred etc this is a high authority if any more proof were wanted as to the reality of that period which must have preceded the dispersion of the arian race we might appeal to the arian numerals as irrefragible evidence of that long continued intellectual life which characterizes that period such a degree of progress implies necessarily an alphabet writing commerce and trade even as the existence of words for boats and ships has already implied navigation in what have we added to the civilization of this ancient people their domestic animals were the same as our own except one foul adopted from america in the past ten thousand years we have added one bird to their list of domesticated animals they raised wheat and wool and spun and wove as we do except that we have added some mechanical contrivances to produce the same results their metals are ours even iron the triumph as we had supposed to more modern times they had already discovered and it must not be forgotten that greek mythology tells us that the godlike race who dwelt on olympus that great island in the midst of the atlantic in the remote west wrought in iron and we find the remains of an iron sword and meteoric iron weapons in the mounds of the mississippi valley while the name of the metal is found in the ancient languages of peru and chili and the incas work and iron on the shores of lake titikaca a still further evidence of the civilization of this ancient race is found in the fact that before the dispersion of their original home the arians had reached such a degree of development that they possessed a regularly organized religion they worshiped god they believed in an evil spirit they believed in a heaven for the just all this presupposes temples priests sacrifices and an orderly state of society we have seen that greek mythology is really a history of the kings and queens of atlantis when we turn to that other branch of the great arian family the hindus we find that their gods are also the kings of atlantis the hindu god varuna is conceded to be the greek god uranus who was the founder of the royal family of atlantis in the veda we find a hymn to king varuna in which occurs this passage this earth too belongs to varuna the king and this wide sky with its ends far apart the two seas are varuna's loins he is contained also in this drop of water again in the veda we find another hymn to king varuna he who knows the place of the birds that fly through the sky who on the waters knows the ships he the upholder of order who knows the 12 months with the offspring of each and knows the month that is engendered afterward this verse would seem to furnish additional proof that the vedas were written by a maritime people and in the allusion to the 12 months we are reminded of the peruvians who also divided the year into 12 parts of 30 days each and afterward added six days to complete the year the egyptians and the mexicans also had intercalary days for the same purpose but above all it must be remembered that the greeks an arian race in their mythological traditions show the closest relationship to atlantis at tika and at hens are reminiscences of odd and we are told that posaiden god and founder of atlantis founded athens we find in the allusion mysteries an atlantian institution their influence during the whole period of greek history down to the coming of christianity was extraordinary and even then this masonry of pre-christian days in which kings and emperors begged it to be initiated was it is claimed continued to our own times in our own freemasons who trace their descent back to a dionistic fraternity which originated in atika and just as we have seen the satanalian festivities of italy descending from atlantian harvest feasts so these alusinian mysteries can be traced back to plateaus island posaiden was at the base of them the first hierophant umulpus was a son of posaiden and all the ceremonies were associated with seed time and harvest and with demeter or series an atlantian goddess daughter of chronos who first taught the greeks to use the plow and to plant barley and as the carnival is a survival of the satanalia so masonry is a survival of alusinian mysteries the roots of the institutions of today reach back to the myocene age we have seen that Zeus the king of atlantis whose tomb was shown at crete was transformed into the greek god Zeus and in like manner we find him reappearing among the hindu's as dios he is called a dios fitar or god the father as among the greeks we have Zeus potter which became among the romans jupiter the strongest connection however with the atlantian system is shown in the case of the hindu god diva nahosha we have seen in the chapter on greek mythology that Dionysus was a son of Zeus and grandson of posaiden being thus identified with atlantis when he arrived at manhood said the greeks he set out on a journey through all known countries even into the remotest parts of india constructing the people as he proceeded how to tend to the vine and how to practice many other arts of peace besides teaching them the value of just and honorable dealings he was praised everywhere as the greatest benefactor of mankind murray's mythology page 119 in other words he represented the great atlantian civilization reaching into the remotest parts of india and to all parts of the known world from america to asia in consequence the connection of this king with the vine he was converted in later times into the distillate god Bacchus but everywhere the traditions concerning him refer us back to atlantis all the legends of Egypt india asian miner and the older greeks describe him as a king very great during his life and deified after death amon king of arabia or ethiopian married rhea's sister of cronos who reigned over italy sissily and certain countries of northern africa Dionysus according to the egyptians was the son of amon by the beautiful amal thea cronos and amon had a prolonged war Dionysus defeated cronos and captured his capital dethroned him and put his son Zeus in his place Zeus reigned nobly and won a great fame Dionysus succeeded his father amon and became the greatest of sovereigns he extended his sway in all the neighboring countries and completed the conquest of india he gave much attention to the kushite colonies in egypt greatly increasing their strength intelligence and prosperity this from Baldwin's prehistoric nations page 283 when we turn to the hindu we still find this atlantean king in the sanskrit books we find a reference to a god called diva nahusha who has been identified by scholars with Dionysus he is connected with the oldest history and mythology in the world he is said to have been a contemporary with indra king of meru who was also deified and who appears in the veda as a principal form of representation of the supreme being the warmest colors of imagination are used in portraying the greatness of diva nahusha for a time he had sovereign control of affairs in meru he conquered the seven dwipas led his armies through all the known countries of the world by means of matchless wisdom and miraculous heroism he made his empire universal Baldwin page 287 here we see that the great god indra chief god of the hindu's was formerly king of meru and that diva nahusha diva nahusha's dihanisus had also been king of meru and we must remember that thiel pompous tells us that the island of atlantis was inhabited by the merups and then our mall has reached the conclusion that the first people of the ancient world were the men of meru we can well believe when we see traces of the same civilization extending from peru and lake superior to Armenia and the frontiers of china that this atlantian kingdom was indeed universal and extended through all the known countries of the world we can see in the legends that peru ravas nahusha and others had no connection with sanskrit history they're referred to ages very long anterior to the sanskrit immigration and must have been great personages celebrated in the traditions of the natives or dasius puro ravas was a king of great renown who ruled over 13 islands of the ocean altogether surrounded by inhuman or superhuman personages he engaged in a contest with brahmins and perished nahusha mentioned by maul and in many legends as famous for hostility to the brahmins lived at the time when indra ruled on earth he was a very great king who ruled with justice a mighty empire and attained the sovereignty of three worlds europe africa and america question mark being intoxicated with pride he was arrogant to brahmins compelled them to bear his palanquin and even dared to touch one of them with his foot kicked him whereupon he was transformed into a serpent this from baldwin's prehistoric nation's page 291 the egyptians placed Dionysus Osiris at the close of the period of their history which was assigned to the gods that is toward the close of the great empire of atlantis when we remember that the hymns of the rikveda are admitted to date back to a vast antiquity and are written in a language that had ceased to be a living tongue thousands of years ago we can almost fancy those hymns preserve some part of the songs of praise uttered of old upon the island of atlantis many of them seem to belong to sun worship and might have been sung with propriety upon the high places of peru in the beginning there arose the golden child he was the one born lord of all it is he established the earth and the sky who is the god to whom we shall offer sacrifice he who gives life he who gives strength whose command all the bright gods stars revere whose light is immortality whose shadow is death he who threw his power as the one god of the breathing and awakening world he who governs all man and beast he whose greatness these snowy mountains whose greatness the sea proclaimed with the distant river he through whom the sky is bright and the earth firm he who measured out the light in the air wherever the mighty water clouds went where they placed the seed and lit the fire thence arose he who is the sole life of the bright gods he to whom heaven and earth standing firm by his will look up trembling inwardly may he not destroy us he the creator of the earth he the righteous who created heaven he also created the bright and mighty waters this is plainly a hymn to the sun or to a god whose most glorious representative was the sun it's the hymn of a people near the sea it was not written by people living in the heart of asia it was the hymn of a people living in a volcanic country who call upon their god to keep the earth firm and not to destroy them it was sung at daybreak as the sun rolled up the sky over an awakening world the fire agni upon the altar was regarded as a messenger rising from the earth to the sun youngest of the gods their messenger their invoker for thou oh sage goest wisely between these two creations heaven and earth god and man like a friendly messenger between two hamlets the dawn of the day usha's part of the sun worship became also a god she shines upon us like a young wife rousing every living being to go to his work when the fire had to be kindled by man she made the light by striking down the darkness as the egyptians and the greeks looked to a happy abode and underworld in the west beyond the waters so the arians paradise was the other side of some body of water in the veda chapter seven pages fifty six twenty four we find a prayer to the maruts the storm gods oh maruts may there be to us a strong son who is a living ruler of men through whom we may cross the waters on our way to the happy abode this happy abode is described as where king viva savata reigns where the secret place of heaven is where the mighty waters are where there is food and rejoicing where there is happiness and delight where joy and pleasure reside rig veda nine one thirteen and seven this is the paradise beyond the sea is the illusion the elysian fields of the greek and the egyptian located upon an island in the atlantic which was destroyed by water one great chain of tradition binds together these widely separated races the religion of the veda knows no idols says max miller the worship of idols in india is a secondary formation a degradation of the more primitive worship of ideal gods it was pure sun worship such as prevailed in peru on the arrival of the spaniards it accords with plateaus description of the religion of atlantis the dolphins ridge at the bottom of the atlantic or the highland revealed by the soundings taken by the ship challenger is as will be seen of a three pronged form one prong pointing toward the west coast of ireland another connecting with the northeast coast of south america and the third near or on the west coast of africa it does not follow that the island of atlantis at any time while inhabited by civilized people actually reached these coasts there's a strong probability that races of men may have found their way there from the three continents of europe america and africa or the great continent which once filled the whole bed of the present atlantic ocean and from whose debris geology tells us the old and the new worlds were constructed that may have been the scene of the development during immense periods of time of diverse races of men occupying different zones of climate there are many indications that there were three races of men dwelling on atlantis noa according to genesis had three sons shem ham and jaffeth who represented three different races of men of different colors the greek legends tell us of the rebellions inaugurated at different times in olympus one of these was a rebellion of the giants a race of beings sprung from the blood of uranus the great original progenitor of the stock their king or leader was porphyrian their most powerful champion alchionius their mother was the earth this probably meant that they represented the common people of a darker line they made a desperate struggle for supremacy but were conquered by Zeus there were also two rebellions of the titans the titans seem to have had a government of their own and the names of 12 of their kings are given in the greek mythology see murray page 27 they also were of the blood of uranus the atom of the people we read in fact that uranus married Gaia the earth and had three families one the titans two the hecaton kires and three the cyclops we should conclude that the last two are maritime people and i have shown that their mythical characteristics were probably derived from the appearance of their ships here we have i think a reference to the three races one the red or sunburnt men like the egyptians the finnishians the basks and the berber and kushite stocks two the sons of shem possibly the yellow or turanian race and three the whiter men the arians the greeks kelts goth's slavs etc if this view is correct then we may suppose that colonies of the pale faced stock may have been sent out from atlantis to the northern coasts of europe at different and perhaps widely separated periods of time from some of which the arian families of europe proceeded hence the legend which is found among them that they were once forced to dwell in a country where the summers were only two months long from the earliest times two grand divisions are recognized in the arian family to the east those who specially called themselves arians and whose descendants inhabited persia india etc and to the west the yavana or the young ones who first emigrated westward and from whom have descended the various nations that have populated europe this is the name yavan found in the tenth chapter of genesis then are more in chevalier ancient history of the east volume two page two but surely those who first emigrated westward the earliest to leave the parent stock could not be the young ones they would rather be the elder brothers but if we can suppose the bactrian population to have left atlantis at an early date and the greeks latins and kelts to have left it at a later period then they would indeed be the young ones of the family following on the heels of the earlier migrations and herein we would find the explanation of the resemblance between the latin and the keltic tongues then almost says the name erin ireland is derived from arian and yet we have seen this island populated and named erin by races distinctly connected with spain iberia africa and atlantis there's another reason for supposing that the arian nations came from atlantis we find all europe except a small corner of spain and a strip along the arctic circle occupied by nations recognized as arians but when we turn to asia there is but a corner of it and that corner in the part nearest europe occupied by the arians all the rest of that great continent has been filled from immemorial ages by non-arian races there are the seven branches of the arian family one germanic or teutonic two slavolithoenic three keltic four italic five greek six iranian or persian seven sanstritic or indian and of these seven branches five dwell on the soil of europe and the other two are intrusive races in asia from the direction of europe the arians in europe have dwelt there apparently since the close of the stone age if not before it while the movements of the arians in asia are within the historical period and they appear as intrusive stocks forming a high caste amid a vast population of a different race the Vedas are supposed to date back to 2000 bc while there is every reason to believe that the kelte inhabited western europe 5000 bc if the arian race had originated in the heart of asia why would not its ramifications have extended into Siberia china and japan and all over asia and if the arians moved at a comparatively recent date into europe from bactria where are the populations that then inhabited europe the men of the ages of stone and bronze we should expect to find the western coasts of europe filled with them just as the eastern coasts of asia and india are filled with toranian populations on the contrary we know that the arians descended upon india from the Punjab which lies to the northeast of that region and that their traditions represent that they came there from the west to wit from the direction of europe and atlantis end of chapter 10 recording by mike harris