 This study estimates the cost effectiveness of the hemophilus in fluency type B, HIB, vaccine for preventing childhood pneumonia, meningitis, and other vaccine-preventable diseases in mainland China from a societal perspective. The decision tree and Markov model were used to estimate costs and effectiveness, with disease burden estimated from literature, statistical e-books, and field surveys. Vaccine costs were calculated from government reports and UNICEF website. Using the WHO cost effectiveness thresholds, the study found that the HIB vaccine was cost effective at a market price of $13,640.1 US dollars per dose, which is less than three times the GDP per capita of China in 2016. The ICER of the HIB vaccine was negative $59,122.90 at the UNICEF price, indicating a cost savings. The largest portion of uncertainty in the result was caused by the annual incidence of all cause pneumonia, proportion of pneumonia caused by high vaccine costs per dose, annual incidence of HIB meningitis, and costs per episode of meningitis. The models were robust considering parameter uncertainties. Overall, the study concludes that the HIB vaccine is a cost-effective intervention among children in mainland China and should be introduced into Chinese immunization programs with reduced costs. This article was authored by Gui Jun Ning, Zhu Endong Yin, Yixing Li, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.