 Political dynamics of civil society, this is that topic for this session. Because civil society is the set of civic rights, including primarily everyone's right to participation in public life. Civil society forms the backbone of democracy as well as democracy does not just revolve around what happens once in five years. Five years means that democracy does not just mean what is happening in elections, but how rights of the citizens are protected. Because the real issue of democracy or any elected government is that it is possible to see how people's rights are defended. So basically what is the purpose of civil society and its political dynamics is to hold the accountability of those who have the power. Civil society basically provides a permanent check on the political power holders. So it has basically two objectives, number one that what type of institutional reforms the government is trying to introduce. Are those reforms that the government is trying to introduce, are they going against basic human rights? Or what is written in the constitution, are those reforms its entities? Enter reforms of the values of both leaders and citizens. And the reforms that the government is trying to introduce or the reforms that the government is trying to introduce, it will be seen whether those reforms are for the benefit of the leadership or for the citizens. So we can see properly that if anyone in the world wants to evaluate the work of any government, or we want to decide that what type of democratic system is working in any type of state, whether the western country or whether in the subcontinent or what type of performance our own government has, then we can apply this formula that what are the two major objectives of foreign policy, that what type of institutional reforms and whether the reforms are linked only with the leaders or whether they are linked with the citizens also. So we can say that continued state authoritarianism and unaccountability were seen as the consequence of citizens being deliberately kept in ignorance of their rights. Traditionally, or even today in the world, there are some systems that do not give awareness to their people, the basic rights as citizens do not communicate to the people. So civil society basically plays a role, it evaluates the performance of the government system and makes a checklist for it and then it communicates to the government where the government's accountability should be. There is a check on that, civil society. So we can say that the civic education initiatives, this is mainly another very much important step by the civil society all over the world. The civic education is to train people to what type of rights they have and what are their basic duties as proper citizens. So until people are not educated, people will not have the sense of awareness that when can they become a good citizen, when they know what their rights and duties are and whether the government is trying to deliver their basic rights or whether the government is trying to socialize their duties also to the citizens. Because if the government does not train people, does not socialize their duties and what are their rights and what are their rights, then the citizens are not doing well. So civil society has to make a struggle for improvement in political context. So wherever civil society is such a thing, it does effort and plans to overcome them and this is the role of civil society at any place.