 Good morning. You can all hear me comfortably. Let me begin with some introductions. I am Deepak Phatak. I am teacher here and the principal investigator of the National Mission Project, under which we are organizing these internships. My colleague, Professor Avinash Aute, he is an advisor to the project. He started advising us when I started the Eklavya project many years ago and he continues to do that. And the entire organization of the summer internship is handled by him and his large team of people which includes many of our senior managers from different projects. To begin with, I would like a brief introduction by each and every person. Hello, sir. I am Anushree Garg. I am from LNMIIT, third year computer science branch and as far as non-technical activities are concerned, I am an active member of the placement cell of my college. The E cell of my college, I had been the coordinator. Like this year, my term ended and I have also been involved in sports like badminton, etc. And I like to stay involved in all the activities of the college as well as my curriculum. So that's it about me. Thank you. Hello, everyone. I won't take much time. My name is Rakshata Vajay. I am from MBM Engineering College, Jodhpur. And I am the dance coordinator of my college. So I like to dance and read novels. Good morning, everybody. This is Marathi Sukanya. And I am from Balaji Institute of Technology, Varangal. I am very much interested to solve puzzle games. And I am coordinator of dance also. Good morning, sir. I am Kabreen Kahalra from MBM Engineering College, Jodhpur. And I love listening music. I am solving Sudoku puzzles. Hello, everyone. My name is Gaurav Mittal. I am from IIT Hyderabad. Computer Science branch, second year. And I love reading novels and playing video games. Hello, everyone. I am Rakshit Singular from IIT Hyderabad, second year CSE. I love playing cricket and computer games. And I am active member of the marketing team of my college first. Good morning, sir. I am Manchayam Thiaz from Amity School of Engineering, Anoida. And I am a part of a dramatic team of my college. And I also play hockey besides and I want to pursue MS in future. I am Bhargavi Paranspe. I am from IIT Kharagpur, second year CSE. My hobbies are playing the guitar and reading novels. Good morning, everybody. My name is Jotsna Prasad. I am from KII University. I am in CSE branch third year. My hobbies are playing badminton and listening to music. Good morning, everyone. I am Suman from KII, Bumeshwar. And I am from third year B.Tech. And I am an active member of NSS and my college. Good morning, everyone. I am Aishigarh from IBD ASJL. I am a very active member of my cultural community of the college. And I like reading novels and I am in sports. I play basketball. Good morning, everybody. My name is Vishakha Gupta. I am from IBDTG. I like reading novels and also I am an active member in cultural phase. Good morning, all. This is Pugha Bansal. I am from LNMIIT. I like playing volleyball. I am the coordinator of volleyball. And I like listening to music. Good morning, everyone. I am Palak Agrawal from LNMIIT, Jaipur. Second year CSE. And I like listening to music. And I am an active member of my computer science club. Good morning, everyone. I am Chandana from NITK Suratkal. And I am a member of Artist Forum and Stargazing Club in the college. Good morning, everyone. I am Poonam Kumari from NIT Durgaapur. Third year CSE branch. And I am an active member of Prapti Club in NIT Durgaapur. Thank you. Good morning, everybody. I am Parishmita Basu from National Institute of Technology, Durgaapur. I am from the third year in the electronics and communication department. And I am a dancer. I am a part of the dance club of my college. Thank you. Good morning, sir. I am my dear friends. I am Sukalyan Thakath from NIT Durgaapur, third year IT department. I like to play music. I like to listen to songs. I like to play football. Even I like playing computer games and solving puzzles. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. I am Ankit Kumar from NIT Nagpur. I play music and counter strikes and NFS. I am from third year in the computer science department. Thank you. Good morning. I am Aditya Amberde from VNIT Nagpur. I am interested in dramatics and in future I would like to do an MS and open my own company. Good morning, everyone. My name is Lavish Kothari. I am from MBM Engineering College, Jodhpur. IT, third year. And I like listening music, reading mythological books and solving puzzles. Good morning, everyone. I am Samrit Kumar, third year EC from ITR Bhubaneswar. I love playing snooker and listening to music. Good morning, everyone. I am Sunandini Sanyal from NIT Durgapur, third year CSC. I love playing badminton and I listen to good music. I also love singing. Thank you. Good morning, all. This is Astha Jhanani from NIT Bhopal. I love to do competitive coding and I love to listen to music. Good morning, everyone. My name is Ashesh Kumar Singh. I am from NIT Nagaland. I like to play music and play cricket and do competitive coding. Good morning, guys. I am Anku Sharoda from NIT Goa. Third year CSC department. I love music. Good morning, everyone. I am Prashan Gupta from ABVB Triple I Team Goalyard. I play Counter-Strike and Badminton and I am currently pursuing dual-degree program in ABVB Triple I Team Goalyard B Tech plus M Tech. Good morning, everyone. My name is Adil Hussain. I am from NIT Sikkim. I like to listen to music and play computer games and my aim is to become an entrepreneur. Thank you. Good morning to all. My name is Amardeep Singh and I am from VGT and Mumbai. I like playing cricket and reading religious scriptures. Thank you. Good morning, sir. My name is Naman Taneja from 2nd year CSC IASM Dhanbad and my hobbies are reading novel and solving logical reasoning questions. Good morning, everyone. My name is Ashesh Kumar from IASM Dhanbad, electronic third year. I love to play chess and I am also part of the NSS. Good morning, everyone. I am Ashesh Kedya from NIT K Siddharth Kal. I am a 2nd year IT student. I like competitive coding, stargazing and playing guitar. Good morning, everyone. My name is Jayam Modi. I am from S1IT Surat, 3rd year computer engineering and my hobbies include playing lawn tennis. Myself Shubham Gurt from S1IT Surat and I am also 3rd year EC student and my hobbies are playing chess and solving pseudo-go puzzles. Good morning, everyone. I am Piyush Mahajan from IIT Gandhinagar, 3rd year electrical. My hobbies include playing football and listening to music. Good morning, everyone. I am Rajat Goyal from NIT Uttarakhand. I am an active member of training and placement department of my college and I love playing chess. Myself Som Pathak. I am from S1IT Surat and I am a swimmer and a badminton player. Good morning, everyone. My name is Ankur Gher, a 2nd year student from IIT Rootki. My hobbies are playing cricket and competitive coding. Myself Pranak Shah. I am from VNIT Nagpur and my hobbies are playing chess and reading books. Good morning, everyone. I am Samir Sonona from VNIT Nagpur. I am an event manager of my college technical festival and also a student mentor in my department. Good morning, everyone. I am a 2nd year CSU student from VNIT Nagpur. I love to play computer games and chess. Hello, everyone. I am Shreya Malik. I have just completed my 2nd year at Berla Institute of Technology, MESRA. I love to read, listen to music, watch way too many TV series and I also like to swim. Thank you. Adini Sharma from Berla Institute of Technology, Jaipur. I am into reading, writing and painting. Good morning, everyone. My name is Suchi Sharma. I am from Berla Institute of Technology, Jaipur and from Electronics and Communication Department, 3rd year and I like to read and listen to music. Good morning, everyone. I am Rakhi Kumari from Jabalpur Engineering College, Madhya Pradesh. I love to listening to music and watching movies and also singing. Thank you. Good morning. I am Samprat. I am from IT Root Team, 2nd year completed. I am interested in music and cricket. Good morning, everyone. I am Shreya Leela from Githam University, Vishak Patnam. My hobbies are playing badminton and throw ball. Good morning, everyone. I am Vishali doing beta kite in MIT, Chennai. And I love, I am passionate towards kinetic music. Hello, everyone. I am Sameer Ranjan from NIT Roorkela, 3rd year CSE. I like listening to music and playing computer games. Hello, everyone. My name is D.O. Andhrao, 3rd year undergraduate CS department at NIT Roorkela. My hobbies include watching series a lot, listening to music, playing guitar and playing basketball. Hello, everyone. I am Ankit Kumar from NIT Roorkela, 3rd year CSE. I am a coordinator of the journalist body of my institute. And my hobbies are playing computer games, listening to music and painting. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. This is Rajishi Sarkar from Billa Institute of Technology, Massra. My hobbies are playing cricket and listening to songs. Good morning, everyone. I am Satvik Shah from NIT Jaipur. My hobbies are gaming and I am part of the robotics and research group of my college. Thanks. Good morning, everyone. I am Harsh Sharma from NIT Jaipur. And my hobbies include listening to music and playing computer games. Matthew from National Institute of Technology, Calicut. I love reading books and I am a member of industrial and planning forum in my college. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. My name is Vishnu Priya. I am 2nd year computer science from NIT Calicut. And I love reading books and I play throw ball and I am an active member of our college CSE. And one day I would like to own a well-reputed company and that's my ambition. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. I am Banani Meade from NIT Silture, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, 3rd year. I am a Visharan in Vocational Indian Classical Music. I read and I write articles and poems. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. I am Parlevi Reddy from CET Bhuvaneshwar, 3rd year CSE. I love dancing. I love playing computer games. I love watching TV series. Actually, I love a lot of everything. Every day I always look for something new to learn. That is my passion. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. My name is Abhiruch Gupta and I am from Chupla. I am from Chupla. I am from Chupla. I am from Chupla. I am from Chupla. I am NIT I am after I am in Rain, Red river. And I am the activity member of Food Committee and Decoration Committee of my college. Good morning, everyone. My name is Mansi Vile Si. I am from Chupla. I love reading novels and dancing. Good morning, everyone. My name is Subha Moutwal, and my hobbies are playing football. Good morning, everyone. I am from VNIT, Nagpur just completed my third year interested in music and playing guitar Good morning. My name is Sachin Sabre. I'm from VNIT, Nagpur completed third year And my hobbies are playing double tennis and computer games. Good morning, everyone I'm Tessie Ladkar from VNIT. I completed second year and I love singing and music is my passion Good morning, everyone. My name is Megha Gribal. I am from NIT, Jaipur My hobbies are playing volleyball and designing or drawing Good morning, everyone. I am Janki from Vimbaram. That is Andhra Pradesh. And I am interested in passionate about the new technologies and I have been coming from Andhra Pradesh. Thank you And I'm Kushpur Gribal from NIT, Durgapur and I love to paint and I also love to provide assistance towards the underprivileged children of my society. As a result, I am the active member of Bihari More Education Project of my college and I'm also the part of the core cell of Centre of Cognitive Activities of my college. Thank you Hello, everyone. I'm Rishabh Dabral from Triple IT, Jaipur. And my passions include being involved in literary activities and graphic design and digital art. Good morning, everyone. I'm Tanma Garwal from ITBHU, third year electronics. My hobbies include robotics and playing table tennis. Good morning, everyone. I'm Shobesh Ukshwara from NIT, Gurukshetra, third year computer engineering department. And I am into reading novels and playing table tennis and competitive programming. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. Myself, Aayush Akwal. I am from CSC student from NIT Bhopal. I love to play chess, football and cricket. Good morning, everyone. My name is Sanjana Bhankani and I come from Georgia Tech, Atlanta. And I like helping other people grow professionally and personally. And I'm involved with Artillery and Society of Women Engineers. Hello, everyone. My name is Akanksha. I'm from NIT Raurkela, third year CSC. I love to do swimming, read novels and I'm an active member of the robotics club of my college. Good morning, everyone. My name is Diganta Jhana. I'm from NIT Raurkela, company science department, third year. I love watching Korean dramas and I find time for sketching and writing poems. Good morning, everyone. I'm Jagruti Patel from NIT Raurkela, third year EC. I'm an active member of Leoclub of NIT Raurkela and I like painting. Thank you. Hello, everyone. My name is Devanshu Jain. I come from DICT. I just completed my second year and my hobbies include watching movies, listening music and reading novels. My future goals include doing an MS. Good morning, everyone. I'm Jinit Doshi from DICT. My non-technical interests include playing football and photography. I've been an active volunteer in IEEE since the last three years. There are some people who have been doing six months' internship here under a different program which Savinashavate had launched. We have some of them here. There's no harm in getting them introduced quickly like this. I'm Jasgiran Chitkar from Riyadh Institute of Engineering and Technology, Real Mazra. I've done my B-Take and have been working since last four months under Professor Fatak and Mr. Avinashavate. It's been a privilege to work under the guidance and it's been very good here. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. I'm Trebnu Singh. I'm doing my B-Take in Computer Science from Riyadh Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Real Mazra. It's been four months. I'm working under Professor Fatak and Avinashavate under IIT Bombay X, a blended MOOC project and it's really good and very much, I've learned a lot. Thank you. This is Sanket Gaurav from Sikkimani Pari Institute of Technology. I love playing cricket, reading novels and books. Good morning, everyone. I am Jitendra Gupta from Amruta University, Coimbatore. My activities include, non-technical activities include, I like playing chess and reading novels a lot. Hello, friend. This is Sudhakya Adho from Anantir Aipur. I like playing cricket and badminton and I like to play computer games. Good morning to everyone. My name is Bharnu Jandhar. I'm from Vignore Institute of Technology, Hyderabad and my hobbies are playing cricket and badminton. Can we very quickly go through all our senior managers who are going to guide different projects? Hello, everyone. Welcome to IIT Bombay. I am Dr. Mrs. Kiran Khosla. I'm handling the school project and we are preparing content for the school. Okay? I will show you all the best for your project. I'm Nagesh Karmali and I'm part of the Fundamental Research Group. So, I'll be mentoring around five projects. Hello, everybody. I'm Faroza Aibara. I'm a technical writer. I'm under Nagesh Sir in the Fundamental Research Group. Hello, everyone. I'm Sameer Sassarudde. I'm the project manager for animated projects, animation-related projects. I'm an animator and a fine arts graduate. I love animation and painting. Thanks. I'm Pradip Tiwali. I'm a mentor for the Akash school for education. Hello. I'm Rajesh Kushalkar. I'm heading Integrated Development Lab in ASL. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. Myself, Mayank Palliwal. I'm coordinator for summer internship and I'm working as a software engineer on Akash project as well as Akshik Shah. So, directly I'm not mentoring any project but probably I will be helping in Akshik Shah projects. Hello, everyone. I'm Pankaj Patil. I'm working as project engineer in Akash school pilot project team. I will be helping in one of interns project for short duration. Hello, everyone. I'm Yogan Sharma. I'm appointed here as software engineer in Akash school project and I will be mentoring group and peer-based evaluation system. Good morning, everyone. I'm Chauro Chaudhary. I'm a junior software engineer here. I'll be co-mentoring the virtual labs project of internship. So, thank you for that brief but exciting introduction. As you can see, you come from varied backgrounds with varied interests. The common thread which binds you all together is your desire to do something significant in pursuits of technology, particularly in electronics and computer science. We have been running this program for last five years almost. We started with about 20 people and there used to be impromptu applications from large number of people. So, we used to handle that. Then, my colleague, Sahagna Shoutay, decided to standardize it and he set up a process with web-based applications and so on. More than 3,200 applicants this time. We selected about 160 out of which about 100 or 110 are here. The others have opted for a six-week duration internship. They will join us slightly later. This internship is supported by the National Mission. A lot of funding is being spent by the National Mission on this internship. So, I'm sure you will take this very seriously. Many of you can actually effort to spend your parents' money. But our idea is that if you do some significant work, not only you enjoy doing that creative activity, you learn something but you also contribute. And anybody who contributes should be recognized, not only in terms of a certificate but also monetarily. It's about our content. Let me share some of my thoughts with you which are of a generic nature. I may not get time again to spend with you till the very end. I will try interacting with some of you, particularly those who will be working on the fundamental research group projects, perhaps after 16th. But today I wish to share with you some ideas about education and career. All of you are part of that educational process. All of you have done well in your colleges. Unfortunately, doing well in your examinations still continues to be the major filtering criteria that this society uses, including IIT Bomb. Let me tell you, I don't give a damn to your academic performance. I have seen extremely brilliant people. I have seen extraordinary academic performances in my 45 years of life here. Like you, I also did my basic engineering from a college. It was a good college. I passed out from Indore in 1969. But I got used to the conventional examination system that the universities continue to maintain even till today. Barring IITs and NITs and some autonomous institutions, almost all our universities follow that system. And what is that system? You take an evaluation which becomes the cornerstone of all academic activities, examinations, because that is what will earn marks to students and that is what is their major focus. Almost all examinations are stereotype. You will find a question paper which will say, solve any 6 out of 10 questions. Is that common? Yes. Most questions are descriptive, describe something, explain something, write short notes on something and a few examples or problems here and there. That has been the unfortunate way of standardized examination pattern in the university. And over 5000 engineering colleges in the country follow that system. IITs and NITs are and a few autonomous institutions understand the policy behind this. I learnt it in 69 when I came here. My first exam conducted by Professor Isaac was announced as an open book exam 2 p.m. onwards. I was quite surprised in my whole life. I never had an open book exam and I never had an open time exam. I went to ask him which book I can carry. He says any number of books. I carried 6 books that day. I asked him up to what time can we write. He says till either you go to sleep or I go to sleep. 2 o'clock the paper started. The paper did not have usual solve any 6 out of 10 problems. The paper simply had problem 1, problem 2, problem 3, problem 4 and none of them had even the remotest resemblance to any solved or unsolved problem or any of the 6 books that I carried. I spent 1 hour in discovering that. Then I started solving those problems, reading something. Isaac would move around. His invigilation was very funny. He would actually read what people were writing. You make a mistake. He will give you a big slap on your back. He said not that idiot. You read that and again try to solve it and so on. It was a very frustrating experience. I could not get most of my problems solved correctly. I gave my paper at 6 p.m. that day. I was not the last person out. There was one more joker still sitting in attempt. I felt very frustrated because I had done pretty well in academics conventionally in my university. But here I was floored. Later on I realized that in those 4 hours I probably learned more than what I would have learned for one full semester at home. That changed my thinking later on when I became a teacher here. I realized the enormous autonomy that is granted to teachers here. What I teach is the syllabus. There is a printed syllabus but what I teach is the syllabus. What I set is the question paper. And the grade that I give is the final grade of the student. That is the autonomy I enjoy. My senate of this institute has given me that autonomy. And that autonomy is preserved for the last 45 years I am observing. It is only enhanced. I decide my schedule of examination. I can conduct 20 quizzes in a semester. I can conduct only 2 quizzes in a conventional mindset. I have to conduct an NSAM. But even that NSAM could be different as we have been experimenting. Flip classroom has been tried extensively in this institute. You know what a flip classroom is? A flip classroom is where you do not listen to lectures in the classroom and do homework at home. But you listen to lectures at home and do homework in the classroom. Do whole discussion sessions in the classes. And that is because technology permits lectures to be pre-recorded which can be seen. My colleague Professor Kannan who has been practicing it for last 5 years. We had very funny experiences initially. People did not listen to the recorded lecture before coming to the class. And you know the very funny logic given by the students and given by the teacher. Technically the institute demands that for a 3 lecture per week course which is a 6 grade course you are supposed to spend 3 hours in the lecture interaction that is the lecture sessions. And you are supposed to spend 3 to 5 hours working at home on the assignment for that self. The fact of life is no student ever works diligently every week for 5 hours. They usually work just before the quiz just before the assignment like all of you. There is no difference between human beings in IIT and human beings elsewhere. So when we said you are supposed to spend 3 to 5 hours, spend these 3 to 5 hours listening to the lectures. They did not listen to the lecture. Professor Kannan then started conducting a quiz in the morning when you come for the lecture hour. The lecture hour is supposed to be discussion. The quiz was intended to find out whether you have heard that lecture or not. So no deep technical thing. Initially people did not respond because he made that a zero mark quiz. Then he assigned one mark to that quiz and suddenly everybody started listening to the lecture. Like all students if there is a mark or evaluation which will contribute to my grade I am more alert than normal. Currently he uses Akash tablets to conduct quizzes. He conducts 3 to 4 quizzes in every discussion session that he holds. And what he has found over the years is that the amount of learning by the students has increased astronomically. Please understand that like all other teachers we also try to become better teachers. Most of us have realized that that is not adequate. Being a better teacher means thoroughly preparing for your lecture more thoroughly. Covering all the points well, explaining things well etc. etc. But that needs to be translated into better learning by the students which is an independent process. So there is a pedagogy. There is a method in teaching and learning introduced by the new technical innovations that are happening in education. And we are practicing a whole lot. Unfortunately a majority of the colleges are I am sad to say including IITs and NITs. Even in my institute not all teachers use technology to the health that they ought to. We do use a learning management system extensively. Moodle for example is used for all courses. In fact now most of the teachers will not be able to conduct classes efficiently and effectively. If Moodle is not available for students to upload their assignments. For students to participate in the group discussions and so on. I hope most of your institutions use some learning management system like this. Any institute which does not have a learning management system can you raise your hand. It is our endeavor to try and see whether the IIT culture of using ICT in education can flow out to the other institutions. And equally to learn from other institutions where they are using ICT more effectively in some dimension that we have. We expect you to work as ambassadors of your institutions to do this two way transfer of knowledge. You should share with us what technological innovations you use in your colleges so that we learn better. And you should learn from IIT Bombay what we use. So you can go back and tell your teachers encourage them to use them. Tell your administration to use that so that the teaching learning becomes more effective. As I said at the beginning it is unfortunate that the society including IIT Bombay continues to give a tremendous weightage for your academic performance for the first filtering. And that happens merely because the scale. Here are 3,000 applicants. There is not a single IOT of possibility for anyone to read 3,000 long submissions even if I were to ask each one of the 3,000 applicants to give a submission detailing why he or she is most suited for internship. But if we could do that let me guarantee that not necessarily the best academic performance in the college would be selected. You would agree that creative outburst is not limited to only top academic performance. Although top academic performance are not negatively inclined to do creativity. So the inverse is not. But that is sadly the only criteria that we have. That is sadly the criteria that most of the employers put together and that is why you would all be trying to best your performance so that you get better jobs. But other than that every human being is capable of doing reasonably complex logical things in life. I have held it to the health. I learnt it very early when I was teaching CS 101 in 1974 when the same professor Isaac was my teacher who was head of the computer centre and he was my course associate when I was teaching the course. This is another thing that IIT system taught me. This is absolutely no hierarchy. The youngest teacher can order around the senior people who are his course associates for doing his bidding for conducting the tutorials and lapses. So I may be a very senior professor but if I am a course associate or a young teacher then I do exactly what that teacher orders me to do. That is the discipline that we follow. Anyway I was telling you about this incident. The tutorials used to be conducted in different rooms and during the tutorial hour I will go from room to room to just check whether everything is going on well or not. And one room where professor Isaac was the tutor I overheard a very heated discussion so I stopped outside the room before entering and I heard that. One student was saying sir we are metallurgical engineering student we cannot understand and do computer programming as well as electrical engineering students do. And Isaac was shouting at him that electrical engineering students are not fallen from the sky like you they are all human being. And then he asked a very curious question can you speak your mother tongue? And that fellow said yes. Can you speak it as well as that electrical engineering joker can speak his mother tongue? He said yes. And he says do you understand to learn a language a natural language a human language is far more difficult than learning a computer program. That set me thinking and then I started analyzing what happens to us because this tremendous pressure of academic performance what is it that we lose. So please try to recall the days when you were not attending any school between the age of 2 years to 5 years. No school no classes no books no exams no marks yet during that time you learn a natural human language all on your own. You could speak that language very fluently you could articulate your thoughts your parents your brothers sisters friends perfectly well and you could understand what other people said. No classes no exam no marks he got 90 percent marks he also studied his mother tongue as well as I studied my mother tongue although I later on got 40 percent mark. What prompted me to do that what prompted him what prompted you to do that when there were no marks. I will tell you my analysis my analysis is as children. God has given us some phenomenal gift as human beings which are most manifest during our childhood. One curiosity recall your 2 year to 5 year period or recall your nephews nieces and other children that you would have seen 2 to 5 year old. Don't you see every child bubbling with enthusiasm bubbling with curiosity. Second is boldness the children ask questions all kinds of questions. Sometimes they ask embarrassing questions but they ask questions all of you did that when you went to the school you perhaps continue to ask questions for some time. Then somewhere a teacher like me would have said don't ask periodic questions don't waste classes time she stopped asking questions. How many of you continue to ask questions in your classes today at the same rate at which you ask questions when you are children. Practically none which means you are lost your boldness and because of that you are lost your curiosity because somebody who doesn't please understand when a child asks questions it is not asking you or others it is asking itself. When a child asks a question we are asking ourselves more than anything else but if we don't articulate that question our curiosity will be lost. So curiosity boldness to very very fundamental thing and the third very fundamental thing which the God has given which we enjoy as children. Probably some of us do that even now but most of us don't and that is the ability to persevere not to give up. Have you ever seen a child which has decided to do something? In spite of parents saying don't do it particularly naughty thing have you ever seen a child giving it up? Suppose a child wants to pick up this pain and throw it down and when it breaks the child will enjoy start laughing agree? All children love that except that the stupid pain is on this table the child will come from this side that side try to climb up fall down three times four times. Once maybe the mother will catch the child mother will ask it to stand in a corner child will cry stand in the corner for two minutes and then after two minutes it will look here and there and again come back. And finally it will pull up some chair stand up fall again one or twice but will finally stand up on this table take this pain throw it. And when it breaks the child with dance with joy when did you last dance with such joy? I am not suggesting climb up on tables and throw pain but I am suggesting have you lost that enjoyment that thrill of getting something done after failing tens of times. Look at the kind of technical problem that you solve from your books. I am sure in the first year when you joined fresh from the school you would attempt to solve all problems. Then slowly you would realize being smart people that the examinations have only this kind of problem. Just solve problem one two three four five seven thirteen twenty one. Then you will become one more level of cleverness. Oh the questions are repeated from previous exams. What are important questions this this this. You realize only six out of ten questions are to be solved. I am not blaming you. I did all of that when I was doing my undergraduate. I perfected the technique so well that in my fourth and final year it was a five year degree program I hardly had to study. I had enough time to do all the nice things that you said swimming, chess, dramatics everything everything. I didn't have to study yet I scored good marks. Only when I came to IIT I found out that if I want to spend time in swimming if I want to spend time in chess I can do that. But I must also spend time in studies in a different way in solving problems and discussing in arguing. Rediscover the child in you except one thing. Child does not have humility and the child does not have ethics. Child is arrogant child wants everything for oneself. Child doesn't share. We have to teach child to share. We have to teach child to behave to say sorry to say please to say thank you. Why because these are human values. These are human societal values. These are not natural animalistic values and we belong to a human society. I personally feel that the ideal combination is when we rediscover the child in us to have an insurmountable curiosity. Tremendous boldness and the ability to persevere coupled with significant ethical standards and great humility. I think that would make a great person. That is what the objective of the education is by the way. Education is not just about doing technical things. Education is about becoming a better person. A better contributor to the society. And in that the people who have done well conventionally have a greater responsibility. So your performance in your college which is better makes you entitled for certain privileges. But puts a tremendous burden on your shoulders to do something extraordinary. Let's talk about ordinary and extraordinary. To begin with all people are ordinary because they have not scored any marks. Then they start scoring marks and on that basis some people are called extraordinary. All of you who are here are extraordinary in that sense. What should be the objective of teachers and of institutions such as IIT Bombay or such as the institutions where you study and such as the teachers who teach you. I have a rather simplified formula. My simplified formula says that a teacher's primary job, the primary job of an academic institution is to make ordinary people perform extraordinarily and to make extraordinary people achieve the impossible. If that cannot be done then we have failed as teachers. We have failed as institutions. Now this has to be done over and above your own innate capabilities. Your own aptitude. There are aptitudes. For example, programming is conventionally taught to all engineering students. How many students in your first year you remember who could not pass because they could not program well? Many. Do you seriously believe that they were useless people? Some of them would have tremendous talents somewhere else. They just did not have the programming aptitude. People speak of music so highly. I am also interested in music but no matter how much I struggle I can never be able to sing like Mukesh or Mohammad Rafi. It's not possible. I just don't have that aptitude. So your aptitude, your innovative ideas, your creativity, your boldness and your perseverance will together decide what you do. Some of you do very well in the academics. Some of you are smart enough. You can solve problems faster and faster problem solving is fundamental in modern competitive examination. 100 multiple choice questions. Somebody who can take fast wins. Whether it is joint entrance exam or gate or JRE or whatever, whatever you call it. You know the famous joke in the IIT system? Einstein would never have been admitted to IIT because he was known to be a slow thinker. He could not have cracked JEE guaranteed but not a single IIT and has done even 10% of what Einstein achieved at the end. So institutions do matter but what matters most is what you do and what you do with your time, what you do with your energy. I am sorry to have taken a lot of time but I firmly believe in whatever I have just shared and I would like each one of you to think about it, reflect upon it and live accordingly. Your energy levels have to high. By the way when I talk about academics and technology that's not the only thing. Your energy levels should be very high in all respects. That is where I see a significant difference between the IIT system and many other institutions. IIT kids do not spend extraordinary time in only academics. When they do mood indigo, they spend exactly as much time and energy in organizing mood indigo. When they do tech fest, you might have heard of these tech fest and mood indigo. There are world famous festivities now. 40, 50,000 students from all over the world or all over the country definitely but many from international places do arrive here. And the entire organization is done by students, entire organization including fundraising, including accounting, including arranging for transport, arranging for everything, everything, everything is done by students. So it's worked tirelessly for them. With the same tireless zeal they will work on debating competitions, whatever. The point is whatever you do, you must spend enormous energy in doing it. And you must enjoy every moment of it. If you don't that could be terrible. With this backdrop I welcome you to the summer internship program. We have had multiple projects here. We have been trying to identify mentors. You heard some of the managers many are not here. They understand that most of the managers and the software professionals are working on their own projects. They have tough deadlines for which they are working. And they have delivered. To tell you two or three of the important projects which IIT Bombay undertakes on behalf of the national mission. One is the T10KT program where we train 10,000 teachers at a time. Some of your institutions are our remote center where these 10,000 teachers assemble. They can't come to IIT Bombay obviously. So we assemble them at 250 to 300 remote centers for two weeks intensive training. During those two weeks the lectures are delivered from IIT Bombay interactively using AVU. My video team is here which handles the AVU transmission. People can ask questions from anywhere from any remote center. Their questions are heard by all 10,000 people. They are seen by all 10,000 people. Our answers are seen by all 10,000 people. So we have some kind of a simulated classroom. We have been perfecting this technique for over five years. We spend as many as 6 crore rupees per workshop for 10,000 teachers. Government of India pays that money to train 10,000 teachers at a time in a subject. You might think it's a lot of money, right? It works out to about 6,000 rupees per participant. The standard budget approval of AICT to conduct a two week training program which is traditionally held for 35-40 teachers in a place, the budget is 14,000 rupees per participant. By scaling up and by using technology we have reduced that cost to less than half and we are further reducing it by half by starting a new model where we say that out of the two weeks of participation in the workshop you will come face to face only for one week. But one week equivalent of work you will do spread over five weeks before the main workshop one day per week online. So we are using the massive online open courseware technology or online technology and we have found curiously that that is far more effective than just two week face to face. Much of the money is spent in travel, stay, food, accommodation, such mundane things. Very little money is spent on actual training. Same thing is true here when you do summer internship. The cost of conducting a summer internship is less in terms of the technical inputs. They come from my colleagues although overburdened they are enthusiastic because they hope that the work that you will do will contribute to their own activities and their own delivery. But the major cost for you is to travel from your place to here to spend money on food, to spend money on accommodation. Imagine you were to share a rented accommodation outside in Mumbai. Your parents will say no more internship in IIT Bombay. Go to Jharsukuda or Khaacharoa someplace. I think you should all be thankful for the national mission. When I propose that we should run this summer internship under this project the project has approved funding to spend on this. Although I must tell you that my colleague Mr. Avinash Aute has been driving these numbers crazy. When I had obtained the permission formally from the ministry it was for 40 people. We are about four times that. But fortunately I seem to have some credibility. The ministry does not ask me too many questions and I do not have to answer them as long as what is being done is being done for the common good, for the public good and it creates some assets. Needless to add whatever work you do will go in the public domain in open source. We have a penchant for releasing all knowledge in open source. All our activities, all our generated code it also puts a great responsibility on you because when your code goes in the open source in public domain for public gaze your name will be there. Now if your code is not written well or if it does not do what you promise it to do people will know whom to come and bash. Will truthfully put your names there. Of course these days the codes get intrinsically intermixed because a large group of people are working on it but that is okay. The main thing is for me that you should learn much more than what you have learned so far and you should be able to do your creative bidding. Surely there will be directions given by the managers and by the others saying we want this. But ordinarily we will say this is the functionality that we want. Ordinarily we will not impose the design unless some design, some base design has already been made. But even then you should feel free to come up with your own idea. Your creative ideas could be valuable provided they are thought out well, they are articulated well, they are written well and they are presented well. Please understand that when you examine 100 ideas only two might turn out to be finally useful but you do not know which two in advance so you have to examine all 100. That is what our teams keep doing it and we would like you to aid them and also in the process learn something about how such creative thinking is done. Most of your work will relate to coding. Some of you have electronic background. They will be working with Rajesh on some aspects of hardware design. There will be additional problems. Let me tell you because of a whole lot of workshops that we are conducting. By the way I told you about T10KT workshop this 10,000 teachers who work at 300 different locations. Now as I said we conduct lectures in the interactive lectures in the morning in the afternoon these teachers who assemble at remote centres do their tutorials and lab sessions in the local remote centre and that is done under the supervision of a workshop coordinator. Now how do we make sure that these labs and tutorials are conducted in the same rigorous way as we do them in IIT where they are being conducted by 300 different people to ensure that we do a fancy stuff. We appoint these 300 workshop coordinators three months in advance and we get them to IIT Bombay for one week all 300, 250, 200, whatever the number we get them here for one week and we make them do exactly the same labs, same tutorials that they will have to supervise it. This is much like how we train our teaching assistants or how we conduct our coordination sessions for teaching associates who could be our teachers. We do exactly the same thing. I am going to discuss these tutorial problems tomorrow. People will raise issues, people will contribute, people will discuss, people will solve those problems, people will decide on how to explain those problems to students. That is how IIT Bombay works, that is how we make them. Now these coordinators workshops are typically held in the month of May at IIT Bombay and IIT Kharagpur which is our partner industry and the main workshop for 10,000 teachers are held in the month of June typically. In a nutshell, a large number of coordinators workshop are scheduled while you are here in the month of May. Now all of them have to do their labs in the afternoon which means the labs in which you will be working will not be available in the afternoons for those days. As an added attraction, my department has decided that they will conduct an online exam for MTECH RAs and others, PLG RAs. So that means that even the workshop coordinators will not be able to do their labs in the afternoon so their labs will have to be done in the morning so that means the whole day is off for you. I will announce those dates tomorrow by an email to all of you so that you can plan on sightseeing or something. After all you are not going to get too many holidays so you can enjoy that holiday. Incidentally Saturday, Sunday, declared holidays, etc., etc., they don't affect our life. Our concept about holidays is very clear. If I don't feel like working for any reason, whether I am unwell or even I don't feel like working, I am entitled for a trip. We don't run a police charge here. However, if you don't feel like working day after day after day, I shall have a strong private talk with you. But the point is very clear, whenever you are working, you have to work in a disciplined fashion. That is why I was a bit perturbed when we could not start at 9.30. A 9.30 lecture in IIT Bombay starts at 9.30, it does not start at 9.32. Now, just as some of my colleagues came late, I could see some of the students were coming late. This is perfectly fine because on the first day you are not anticipated how long it takes to travel from your hostel or place of residence to this. But you have settled down between two or three days, I suppose. After that, you should be able to factor this time. One of the problems, one of the great differences between a developed society and a developing society is the set of few values which are critical to the developed society. One is penchant for information sharing. You will get absolutely all information perfectly given for any occasion before you go there. Second is timing. So, as I said, 9.30 does not mean 9.30. 9.30 means 9.29 or at the most 9.30. And 9.30 does not mean you are entering the lab at 9.30. It means you are starting work at 9.30. This is the discipline we would like all of you to follow, not now, but for the rest of your life. Because as professionals, you are going to interact with the global community. And the global community does not say, I must also, before concluding, tell you two things. Our primary motivation in conducting these programs, just as our primary motivation in teaching at IIT Bombay is to ensure that a large number of trained and dedicated manpower and woman power is available to build this nation. So, I must also, before concluding, tell you two things. Our primary motivation in conducting these programs is to ensure that a large number of trained and dedicated men are available to build this nation in coming years. So, of course, some of you, like our friend Sanjana, might want to go somewhere else in the world through your masters or something. You are most welcome to do that. This is a free country. But I particularly discourage such thoughts. Since you are free to do that, you are most welcome to do it. Thank you very much. He says, I would love to, but if I go to Sri Lanka, I'll be killed because I'm a Tamil. And to serve my nation, I should be alive. So, permit me to be alive and still stand. So, I gave that exceptional recommendation. I'll give it, but otherwise I don't. Although I would like to very actively encourage you to do your masters and PhDs if you really want to do extraordinary studies further. In any one of the Indian educational systems, and if you require a recommendation later, I'll be personally privileged to write a strong recommend. Unlike 40 years ago, 30 years ago, 50 years ago, there is nothing that cannot be done in India to the best and to be comparable to whatever is the best in the world. There are many people who are proving it time and again, time and again. You just have to have your conviction that you can do whatever you wish to do by staying here. Because when you stay here and work, indirectly and directly, you contribute to building this nation. And it's absolutely essential to build this nation. In the 21st century, we already lost a whole lot of time. For the first 50 years, we adopted economic policies which were completely sad. People did not understand. There was a good side to it. It made for equality, supposedly. It made for taking care of the people who could not take care of themselves. But in the process, we forgot that to do all that, we required to generate wealth. And wealth cannot be distributed unless it is generated as Nani Palkival. Wealth generation was always respected in this nation. Even Chanakya said it 4000 years ago. We sort of forgot it. From 1991, when under the leadership of P. V. Narasimha Rao, when the country changed tax, and we are now following a free market economy. Not everything is hankidori with free market economy. Please don't cheat yourself into believing that either this is them or that is them or that method or that method is perfect. There is no one solution fit all. But we need to struggle to find out a solution. And we need to struggle to find a solution which will generate enough wealth, which will generate enough employment because we must generate entrepreneurship. All of this has to be done by whom? By people like you and me. And people like you have a greater responsibility, as I said, because increasingly the wealth-generating engines of a society depend on knowledge, depend on technical knowledge. So people who are technically capable like you automatically have to fulfill a greater responsibility. Whether you work for a company, whether you have your own entrepreneurship, whatever you do, you do it here, you contribute a lot, both directly and indirectly. And that is the wish of many of my colleagues like me. I am particularly an old man's idiosyncrasy. So bottom line is no recommendation, let us please don't even ask because that asking will be embarrassing. Of course I will repeat, it is a free country and you are absolutely free to pursue your own thoughts anywhere in the world. I wish the world becomes one country someday. But till such time that there are national boundaries, I say the following, I love all human beings, but I love Indians a bit more. And I would like to work for Indians. I would like all of you to work for Indians if that is feasible, but that is up to you. So do your training well and enjoy life. Thank you so much.