 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education, I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, SS Khanna Girls Relay College, University of Allahabad. And nowadays I am discussing higher education with all of you. So, this time I am going to discuss the role of AICTE in Technical Education. AICTE means All India Council for Technical Education and the lecture will be useful for your general knowledge, upgradation, your competitive teaching examinations and for your general BA, BA and MA-MIT courses. Okay? About. Means AICTE. So, the set up of AICTE was set before the independence of India in 1945. Soon after the Second World War, that is after the end of the World War, the Reconstruction Committee of the Viceroy's Executive Council asked the Central Advisory Board of Education, which is known as the CABE, Central Advisory Board of Education, to give its suggestions about the post-war educational system in India. See, there is a lot of talk going on, there is a lot of talk going on after the end of the World War. So, there are a lot of problems, financial crisis and there is a lot of social structure in the youth, there is a lot of criticism. So, the Viceroy's Executive Council asked the Central Advisory Board of Education, and gave its suggestion that you make some set up, some reconstruction, such as post-war educational system in India can be made, it can be changed, it can be improved. So, one of the important recommendations of CABE, that is, the CABE was the Constitution of the All India Council for Technical Education. So, CABE suggested that they make an AICTE. As the apex body for the rapid development of technical education in the country, so that the development of technical education in the country can be achieved. Accordingly, the Government of India passed a resolution dated 30th November 1945, setting up the AICTE as the National Agency for Planned and Coordinated Both of Technical Education in India. After that, the Government of India passed the AICTE in 1945, and in the country, a National Agency for the Development of Technical Education in Samanvaita was formed. So, when did the AICTE happen? In 1945. What is CABE recommended by CABE? What is CABE? Central Advisory Board of Education. Sorry. Then, the AICTE was constituted in 1945 as an advisory body in all matters relating to technical education. Since then, in the area of technical education, this advisory body has been constituted in the form of NPE-1986. When the AICTE was not constituted in 1986, it was said that the AICTE should be made a statutory body. That means, it should be considered as a constitutional body. You must have seen that after the creation of the AICTE, a lot of things have changed, some establishments have been made, some such bodies have been made statutory. A lot has happened. When earlier, that means the Education Commission of 1974, that means those of whom you know as the Kothari Commission, popularly known as the Kothari Commission, after the name of its German, made the following recommendation for the proper administration of technical education. That means, it was made in 1945. From 1945, in 1986, the National Education Agency said that it should be made a statutory body. Before that, the Kothari Commission had also said that, what it said was to ensure the pursuit of higher standards at the first degree and post-graduate levels, and to provide an adequate machinery with the national and professional concern with the future development at these levels. We have recommended the setting up of a UGC-type organization, industry and concern ministries. That means, the Kothari Commission had only said in 1974 that, if you want to correct technical education on UGP, PGP, proper administration, then make a UGC-type organization for it. If this has been done before, then it has been made a statutory body in 1986. That means, it has been recommended in 1986. And in view of the above, AICTE becomes a statutory body through an Act of Parliament in 1976. That means, it was not just the National Education Agency, but it was made in 1986 and in 1987. The Council was established with the view to the proper planning and coordinated development of the technical education system throughout the country. That means, the whole technique is on it. The promotion of qualitative improvement of such education in relation to planned quantitative growth and the regulation and proper maintenance of norms and standards in the technical education system. That means, to increase quantitatively, that means, to increase in the company, to increase qualitatively, that means, you are making it complete. And what will be its norms, what will be its standards? It is the work of the AICTE to make it complete. So, there are three important things in this. In 1945, there is a recommendation in 1974. Then after the recommendation of 1986, in 1987, it works like a full-fledged statutory body. Then, what are the functions? What are the tasks? It shall be the duty of the Council to take all such steps as it may think fit for ensuring coordinated and integrated development of technical and management education. See, this will come in technical education somewhere ahead, you will get to know that management education also comes, your pharmacy also comes, these things also come, architecture also comes. So, you will not understand that technical education means only B Tech, M Tech. So, it shall be, because functions have been implemented, so its work will be implemented, what will it do? It will do all the work, it will follow all the steps which it feels is necessary for the coordinated and integrated development of technical and management education. So, what will it do? Allocate and disperse out of the fund of the council, it will give the fund. And what will it do? Promote innovations, research and development in establishing new technologies, generation, adoption and adaptation of new technologies to meet development requirements. That is, development is being developed, new, how to adopt the technology that is connected to its requirements, how to adapt for it, what are the advantages, what are the disadvantages, and all the advantages of promoting it is the work of AICT. And what is the work of it? Formulate schemes for promoting technical education for women, handicapped and weaker sections of the society. This is definitely the work that has been added when it comes to inclusive education. Whether we have to include all these, or have to go somewhere, that women, handicapped and weaker sections are very few, they have a reflection in technical education. They said that this type of scheme should be made so that in technical education, girls, females, women, and handicapped people have someone, and the weakness of the society is their reflection, their participation. But then, promote an effective link between technical education system and other relevant systems, including research and development organizations, industry and the economy. That is, the educational systems that are going on, they have made a effective link of its technical education. Okay. Then, what else? This is done. Then, evolve suitable performance appraisal systems for technical education in universities, imparting technical education. That is, performance appraisal. That is, how the technical education is going on, whether it is doing good or not, it is making a performance appraisal system for that. Then, formulate schemes for the initial and in-service training of teachers and identity institutions or centres and set up new centres for offering staff development program, including continuing education features. Look, for example, in your general and professional education, the work of UGC HRDC is that the training of teachers, their professional development, their continuous life-long development, is done for the technical education teachers. What else to do? Take down norms and standards for courses. What are the courses going on? What will be their values? What will be their norms? What will be their curriculum? The universities and institutions that are providing technical education, what will be the physical and instructional facility? What will be the pattern of the staff? What will be the recruitment of the staff? What should be the qualification? What will be the quality instructions? Assessment examinations? Everything. Everything is done for AICT. The work is done for technical education. Do not do all these things. And grant approval. That is, if someone wants to start technical courses at a technical institute, then he has to take an approval from AICT. So, the work of AICT is to approve the grant. In what introduction of new courses or programs. And lay down norms for granting autonomy to technical institutions. You must know that in higher education, it is a lot of talk that autonomy is available. Autonomous should be available. So, the advantage of being autonomous is that we are a little free from rigidity, we can be a little flexible, we can do a little innovation, we get a little freedom from it. So, it is possible that institutions seek permission from them that if we want to be autonomous, then also make norms for it. So, everything that you can think of in AI and technical education is with AICT. And provide guidelines for admission of students to technical institutions and universities imparting technical education. Technical institution or university which is giving technical education, in that, make guidelines that what will be the criteria for children's admission. With hold or discontinue grants, in respect of courses, programs to such technical education, which fail to comply with the directions given by the council within this stipulated period of time. That is, there is no institution that you have given grants for any work, but you feel that they are misusing it or they are not able to complete it in due time. We can rope it or discontinue grants. Who is AICT? And what to do? Take steps to strengthen the existing organizations and to set up new organizations to ensure effective discharge of the council's responsibilities and to create positions of professional technical and supporting staff. Everything. Organizations to strengthen them, to give them more strength and power. And set up a national board of accreditation. See, like the institutions of general education their grading, their accreditation is NAAC. Similarly, the accreditation of technical education is NBA. This is the national board of accreditation. To periodically conduct evaluation of technical education institutions or program on the basis of guidelines, norms and standards, despite by it. So this is going on inside in general or technical education, okay? The pursuit of excellence. The main purpose of this is that we can make excellent quality technical institutions. One of the primary objectives of AICT over the next decade would be to enable significant enhancement of quality of the technical institutions in our country. That is, in our country, the place of technical education, the place of technical education is of great quality, in the next decade. Because they believe that it is a vision. In the next decade, it will be an old statement, they will be able to do it. Then, the country should be a council. The council considers autonomy as the first prerequisite. That is, the very first birth of the country, the first birth of the country, which should be for excellence, is autonomy. Until you are independent, you cannot do anything good. I mean, you cannot do anything good. However, mere autonomy is not enough. And it is not just about freedom. What is needed is that these autonomous institutions pursue excellence in every aspect of their functioning. What is important is that even if a person becomes free, he will do his every job in excellent, in a very good way, in his every functioning. So, he will give himself a very good result and outcome. And quality assurance, the approach of the committees, recommendations to have light-touch regulations for technical education institutes. Okay? Don't keep too much control on them. When they are too much controlled, they become too rigid in the law, then things don't come out well. I mean, avoiding frequent and regular applications and approvals. So, they say, stop it. Don't visit them so quickly. Don't do it on a regular interval. Leave them. Let them work according to their needs. They will do a good job. The committee considers accreditation and rating as the chief vehicles of estimating quality of a technical educational institution. Because I have discussed NAC from you, so you can understand accreditation better. Accreditation will be carried out by the similarly autonomous national board of accreditation, because it is coming again and again. It is not written as NBA in the bracket. Which shall act as the umbrella organization, cream panel, the accreditation agencies. Meaning, the umbrella term is NBA. There are a lot of other agencies that can do accreditation. Quality of an institute is dependent considerably on the quality of teachers. They are saying that your institute will be as good as a teacher, it will be as good as an institution. It will be an institution. As Indian higher technical education institutions have expanded rapidly, one of the primary casualties has been quality of teachers. They are increasing the institution every day, the new technical education institution is opening up. So, it is necessary, meaning, quality teachers are lacking in a certain way. They have to fulfill it. Then, leveraging ICT for quality enhancement. Now, it is the use of ICT. They are saying that by using ICT, we can increase the quality. An equally important effort of ICT, AICTE would be to be an enabler to provide some high quality classes and interactive teaching material direct to students. But, P2S, direct to students, meaning, the IITs, IIMs, where every child's admission cannot be done, the lectures, the faculty's interaction, we can help you with ICT. So, MHRD has run a lot of courses, MOOCs, course pack, there are other initiatives like Spoken Tutorial. Look, this is IIT running, and Talk to a Teacher, which has given some positive results. In India, NPTEL, look, the name of NPTEL, maybe you have heard it a lot, National Program on Technology Enabled Learning, has created a large number of engineering videos through IIT faculty. I mean, we believe that, and it happens that IIT is the best faculty who is studying there. So, make videos from them, and you, meaning, they are easily accessible and any engineering student can learn from them, can listen to them, can learn from them, reach them, and have been made available to students. So, make them available. Virtual labs, there are a lot of them, especially in COVID, they teach you a lot, but how do you teach them practically? So, the concept of virtual labs has come, you are very popular, are an upcoming technological component, that looks to provide virtual hands-on experience. That is, we are doing Abhasi, meaning, it is not actual, it is virtual, but still it is, at least, hands-on experience to students on experiments under-taken remotely at a premier institute. I mean, it is happening in some other institute, you can do virtual hands-on experience through virtual labs. So, with the help of ICT, you can increase your quality. And what can you do? Strengthening faculty, no doubt that you have to strengthen your faculty, if you want to improve your outcome, because institutions cannot provide quality education unless they have faculty who are motivated as well as desirably skilled. That is, until the faculty who are inside themselves and who do not have motivation to teach, who are not skilled, they cannot provide quality education. Therefore, firstly, institutions must be able to attract and hire high-quality faculty. Because the technical ones that are very good, they often go to any ratio fund, I mean, they join the company, they go out, they say, brain drain. So, they are saying that the very good faculty has made their way to their place, able to attract and hire. You attract them and hire them, so that they can teach you. Second, senior and existing faculty should also be motivated towards excellence in teaching, technology development, and research to help institutions deliver quality education. And the senior who is already studying there, you motivate him to do better and better. And along with recruitment of quality faculty, it is equally important to ensure continuous upgradation and enrichment of existing faculty, which is what RDC does. That you are recruited, but we are workload, otherwise, we would have been able to update ourselves professionally. So, you have to work in this way, so that you can take a break from your teaching in all these courses for some time, and then rejuvenate yourself more in your classes. Not only with respect to subject matter, but also for new and advanced, pedagogical techniques for improved quality interaction is not necessary, we need to get more updates in our subject matter. What are the new pedagogical techniques? How can we interact with children? And industry-academia interaction. See, the one who goes out of the technical institution and goes to the child, will go to the industry. So, the interaction between industry and academia is very important to them. Again and again, it comes out that the wants of the industry, so that they should be produced from the academia, that is when we will be able to reduce unemployment, that is when our product, which will be our student, can be absorbed in the industry. One of the principal roles of technical institute is to provide well-trained and educated students to industry. No one is giving it to them. It is therefore imperative that all institutes must involve industry considerably in guiding them. So, they can guide them in their board of members, they can keep an army of the industry in their visiting faculty, which will guide them about what demand they need in the workplace. Involvement could be by placing capable industry personnel at the levels of governing board. You are in the governing board of the industry, you are in the curriculum committee, which tells you what to teach, and also in advisory or governing councils of instituted incubators, which can tell us the actual thing, which can make us touch reality, that we want our employees to be employed. So, we should teach our students the same thing, in the same way that they develop their skin, so that they will be able to work as they go out. So, this is AICBE, that is, now, but then we will say that our new education policy has come in 2020, it has said that AICTE, NCTE, UGC, we will resolve all of them, and we will make an HECI. So, when that will actually happen, till then, I am tired of AICTE. We are only talking about AICTE, because it is still looking at technical education. It has been made since 1945, and after the recommendation of 1986, in 1987, it was considered to be a brawler, and we have to look at every work related to technical education. And the special thing about it is that, the pursuit of excellence, our excellent work, our technical education, the quality enhancement, the technicalities are strengthened, and with the help of ICT, we can work better, and the industry should have a link with us. We should have a technical institution's work, and it will tell us who will give the guidelines, and who will give the AICTE. So, in this way, the promotion and upgradation of technical education is the source of the AICTE. So, thank you, and don't forget to like and subscribe to my channel, Explore Education. I have completed the role of AICTE in technical education. Okay? Bye.