 వారి నివ్ నిలులి లి పంని సాలుింశా మర్ సిఆత్బులి వ్రుందికాఠి్టి మదారిలి మోార్ని మదిసమోందికోవ్ ప్ఇవంది పత్త్లి . పిత్లి మా ब् recount as the learning objective . So let us count the PuT 1 of your Yuanete on Logistics and Supplicence management. Here we have taken up this 3 learning objectives. After going tru this video,You should be able to describe the • Functions of physical distribution • Modes of transportation • What physical distribution is all about? • Physical distribution comprises a number of other activities, transportation, storage • And along with this, we shall also discuss about the modes of transportation. • Some other concepts related with market logistics etc, we shall take up in the other two videos. • Let us first start with the concept of physical distribution. • What physical distribution is all about? • Physical distribution is the process of making the movement or product to the consumers. • It basically implies the flow of the physical processes. • It encompasses all the activities involved in the physical flow of products from producers to consumers. • Producers will produce the finished goods. • Then the producers will store it in the finished goods warehouse. • From the finished goods warehouse, it will come to the distributors. • From the distributors, it will come to the dealers. • From the dealers, it will come to the sub-dealers. • From the sub-dealers, it will come to the wholesalers. • From the wholesalers, it will come to the retailers. • And from the retailers only, ultimately the consumers will purchase the products. so that will be the end point so this implies lots of movement and lots of transportation lots of storage lots of handling so physical distribution basically talks about that particular process of making the movement of the product the tangible product the physical product to the consumers across the sense so it compasses all activities involving the physical flow of products from producers to consumers so you see suppose the headquarter or say in near Mumbai or say in Thane or say in Burdy in Himachal Pradesh or say in Pankanagar in Uttarakhand the companies are having their factories and the demands may be exist in IJOL demands may exist in IMPAL so the products will have to be transported from Pankanagar in Uttarakhand or say Burdy in Himachal Pradesh to the points of consumption which will be located maybe say 100 kilometers away from IJOL or say 100 kilometers away from IMPAL so the products have to be transported through long distances across the lines across bridges making use of railways roads etc and it may be required to be stored for a considerable length of time before being consumed so physical distribution largely determines the customer service level inefficient physical distribution leads to loss of consumers and marketers markets those those marketers who can take up their physical distribution the right spirit they would be in a better position in the market so functions of physical distribution in my introductory lecture I have already stated that physical distribution is very important at Indian complices in number of activities so physical distribution has to be planned because demand will have to be made and in order to meet the demand the production will have to be that's why Frederick Taylor you know the part of scientific management he emphasized on forecasting of demand and taking care of the production IJOL so that the demand can be met so implant warehousing means the finished goods the companies will produce the finished goods so within the plant they will have to have the finished goods inventory from that that goods will be transported to the dealers distributors across the same then transportation physical distribution implies transportation transportation may be various through various modes it may be railways it may be road it may be air it may be pipeline if it is liquid or gaseous products so it through various modes the transportation will have to take place and then in the field the warehouses will have to be maintained the warehouses will have to be constructed the warehouses will have to be maintained it may not be the company owned warehouses the warehouses may be hired because our defined warehouses will render the warehousing services then receiving receiving across the stages CNF agent will have to receive it distributor will have to receive it dealer will have to receive it accordingly the same will be maintained and then it request lots of handling say suppose it will come from come through railway from railway wagons to the tracks from the tracks to the auto vans so it request lots of material handling then secondary transportation suppose we are having a sub distributor in Lockingport town and we are having a distributor in Tashpur so the company will send the goods to the distributor in Tashpur from the Tashpur the sub distributor at Lockingport outside Gapur right in the some places of Upper Assam so that is basically secondary handling and sub distribution of products so transportation could be through various modes one could be roadways the other could be railways another could be waterways another could be airways or could be pipelines so if we go for roadways there there are say trucks are there auto vans are there tata 407 are there you know the various modes of transportation are there roadways and it's ultimately to give the last mile advantage we make use of roadways but there are certain problems with roadways we cannot carry the bulk items bulky transportation is not possible for bulky transportation the railways are used say you may have seen the petrol tankers right the entire rail is full milk is transported to railways right so coal storage even the railway wagons are coal stored so define most or nowadays multi multi-modelism right the containers are there railways have a container corporation of india they transport the bulk items through containers of thick sizes so roadways are used railways are used so one cannot exclusively depend on one of these if something is transported through railways from the railway stations we'll have to make use of road transportation or sometimes it could be the waterways say in asam you all know about numorigar refinery vongai gama refinery so refineries use certain equipment certain machineries which are quite bulky and the brahmaputra river and the transit river was used to for transportation so waterways that is something which is very important in today's context because we do not find much of pollution if we can but the problem is waterways is slow compared to railways compared to road network waterways basically takes time then airways for small items we can make use of airlines and then pipelines say for gaseous products for say liquid products we can make use of pipelines say for refineries I have given the examples the crude oil is pumped the crude oil is transported the imported crude oil is transported through pipeline to the refineries located in asam earlier from dig boy the crude oil was pumped through pipeline transported through pipeline to brownie refinery so these are the different modes of transportation which the marketers use so roadways as I have told you there are certain advantages more flexible less costly it has got wider coverage it helps in loading transportation but there are certain disadvantages it may not be suitable for long distances say from Ahmedabad to Guwahati if we make use of railways in that case it would be better so it cannot carry bulky goods so railways are better in that case it moves at less speed compared to airways railways as I have told you there are certain advantages it is suitable for bulky goods transportation of heavy goods we can make use of railways at the same time railways have got a fixed lines that is a problem and it's costly for short distance for long distance it is okay for short distance railways are a costly mode of transportation and at the same time we cannot this is the remote areas to railways waterways is a safe mode of transportation can carry bulky goods as I have given you the example refineries the equipment could have been transported is separate for glassware scientific instrument etc but it's very low speed compared to its counterpository railways roadways etc airways the fastest means of transport as you all know small safe for goods to be transported but it is costly mode of transportation it has got limited carrying capacity pipelines as I have told you for gas and liquid commodities like crude oil petroleum pipeline are used so we shall discuss the other parts in the remaining two videos okay thank you