 La première fois que Timbuk était occupé par G.A.D., il y avait une année d'occupation. Et je lis tous les jours dans les newspapers de l'Ostage. Mais tout le temps, c'était l'Ostage européen. C'était un journaliste qui était kidnappé. C'était parfois français. Une personne américaine. Personne ne parle pas de 1 000 personnes qui vivent et qui étaient frustrées tous les jours par cette occupation. Pour moi, le concept de victime est un concept très étrange. Parce que les gens parlent et parlent de la victime, surtout si la victime, la ressemble, c'est-à-dire, ressemble. Et pour moi, c'était très important de parler de victime qui n'a pas parlé. La femme encourageuse qui refuse de mettre, qui refuse de couvrir et les gens qui jouent le football avec nous. Ou la guerre musicale qu'il n'y a pas. Mais les gens le voient lentement dans la silence. Et c'est très important de croire que l'humanité a une forte capacité de combattre. Et les victimes ne viennent pas seulement de l'armée. L'armée, bien sûr, peut libérer la ville, etc. Et pour moi, c'était très important de parler de mon communauté qui croit, qui est musulman, ils prient tous les jours plus que deux de Milan. Et ils ont un concept complètement différent de l'Islam que les gens qui viennent. Et c'est important comment ils protègent l'Islam. Et quand vous ne parlez pas de ces gens dans la télé, dans le newspapers et vous parlez seulement de les personnes craintes qui utilisent la façon dont vous parlez c'est terrible. C'est à dire qu'on n'a pas la capacité d'aider notre monde. Merci. Applaudissements. When we met in Mauritania you told me then that those youngsters who start playing football without a ball . It's a very powerful image about resistance through culture. About resistance I mean you know we spoke about Dostoyevsky that beauty can save the world. I mean that's a thing what is extremely important for you. Why? Because beauty comes from any culture. Yes. Beauty. Nobody have the monopoly of beauty. Yes. The beauty comes from not only from Bach or Mozart but the beauty comes from the place who never know who compose the song. That is also beauty. Beauty comes from the people also who don't have her own painter or compositor. But every day, every morning they dress like painter. That is very important to understand that culture is mean not only the official culture. Culture is not only in the museum or in the theater. Beauty is everywhere and it's very important to know that and to say that for me beauty it's really what you have it's beauty and if you have something you can share and tell and I was completely fascinated by Russian culture it was music it was theater, it was many things but I didn't know before that but I accept that I keep that many things I keep I can now put to my work to the cinema and to do the movie like that. But you see the quintessential European question what haunts us since the world of totalitarianism and what's the question of Adorno and Benjamin and Stein and many others that the world of beauty that the world of humanities did not protect us from the world of barbarism. Instead I mean that's the awful thing that the greatest perpetrators indeed were educated intelligence people they knew their real curve and so on and so forth. I'm very much impressed by what you show us on what how simple resistance can be to the power of barbarians that there is another power which is stronger than their power yet at the same time we know that in a certain way it did not work I mean this whole world of the humanities collapsed in the eyes of barbarism but but for me it's really interesting about the definition of barbarian the barbarism is not to have the capacity to resolve our problem today you know we build no let me finish we build several years ago wall between two berlin and this wall was and we continue today to build wall and we forget because it's not important that is this wall we build today cannot exist for long time yes for me the reaction against any wall we build even in Mediterranean they build wall because power people want to yeah and against of this wall we need to create something different that is art can help that well there we are art, the intellectuals culture can help us I would be careful about culture as a briefly as an opponent of evil because culture has been used very beautifully and effectively by all kinds of evil regimes by Hitler by Stalin, by many others a minute ago there is a way in which what some of the fanaticis the Islamic fanatics now do is try to create a kind of art it's a kind of performance art what they do with television culture a little bit like the internet and social media is morally neutral I mean it's a way we have of communicating and a way we have of creating you know the question is what are the politics the values behind it that's more important than the objects itself I think culture can give us courage courage to hold on our dreams and our aims but not my aims but the aims of other Hitler too and it's a simple fact culture is a tool thinking is a tool intellectuality is a tool and this night we saw high intelligent crimes and so I think we should be a bit careful to have too much hopes in thinking or in culture it's a dream of the 18th century it's the dream of enlightenment if we find the courage to use our own understanding if we find the courage to focus on the good the truth and the beautiful in the end we will be better how better word and be better man but this theory is over 200 years old now and I think it does not work so good I come from the 18th century myself I am admirer of the enlightenment but we have to remember that there is only one philosopher who told us that thinking is something so special that it is beyond good and evil that the think itself the intelligent human itself is the highest possible thing and this was Martin Heidegger a Nazi philosopher so I think we will make a better deal believing that thinking is a tool and you can use a tool for very different things