 Watch is Laun Jean. Laun Jean watches have won 10 World Fair grand prizes, 28 gold medals, and more honors for accuracy than any other timepiece. Laun Jean, the world's most honored watch, is made and guaranteed by the Laun Jean Wittner Watch Company. It's time for the Laun Jean Chronoscope, a television journal of the important issues of the hour, brought to you every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. A presentation of the Laun Jean Wittner Watch Company, maker of Laun Jean, the world's most honored watch, and Wittner, distinguished companion to the world-honored Laun Jean. Good evening. This is David Ross. May I introduce our co-editors for this edition of the Laun Jean Chronoscope? Mr. William Bradford Huey, editor of the American Mercury, and Mr. Donald I. Rogers, an editor of the Herald Tribune. Our distinguished guest for this evening is His Excellency, Dr. Mohammed Ali, ambassador from Pakistan to the United States. The opinions expressed are necessarily those of the speakers. Mr. Ambassador, Americans are vitally interested in your new ambitious country. We feel we have a good deal in common, ideologically. But we also feel that we don't know enough about the nation. I wonder, sir, if you could start us off by giving us roughly some dimensions. What's the size? What's the location of Pakistan? So the size of Pakistan would be equal to the two states of Texas and Ohio. Our population is 80 million, which makes us the fifth largest nation in the world. Very densely populated, I would say. Yes. Yes. Are there large cities in Pakistan? Yes, several large cities. The largest, of course, is Karachi, which is the capital of Pakistan. And how large would that be, sir? The Karachi has a population of about 1.3 million. Which is large. Mr. Ambassador, we Americans, of course, know that your part of the world has its troubles, too. Now, and you've had trouble with India over several things. Are your relations with India improving? Yes, it is improving. You, this doesn't seem to be in a danger of open warfare between yourselves and India now. There is no such immediate danger. Now, you still have the Kashmiri issue, I believe. But there's still some quarrel over what happens to Kashmir, isn't there? Unfortunately, that dispute is pending for a long time. That is a religious issue, more or less, is it not, sir? Not a religious. It is a political issue, because we feel that the people of Kashmir should be given the right of self-determination. The people of Kashmir are in religious sympathy with the people of Pakistan. That's right. We have cultural and religious link with the people, the majority of the people of Kashmir. And not with the people of India. No. And then you have economically, I believe, your rivers that flow through Pakistan rise in Kashmir, do they not? That's right. And so you need Kashmir because of its hydroelectric possibilities and also because of your irrigation, is that correct? That's correct. And that issue is now supposed to be decided by the United Nations, is it not? Yes, it is before the United Nations. As a prediction, do you think that there is some chance of settlement of that issue in the near future? We sincerely hope that there is a prospect of immediate settlement because that is really a thorn in our relationship with our neighboring country. And we want it to be removed so that we can both neighboring countries live in peace and devote our full-time attention for the progress of the country. Here in America, Mr. Ambassador, our people sometimes wonder, most new nations want something from the United States. Now, does Pakistan want anything from us now? No, we don't, in that sense. But of course, any assistance would be most welcome. But we believe that we should try to help ourselves and pull ourselves by our own bootstraps. Are you prepared to do that, sir? Not only we are prepared, we have demonstrated it to the world that we have done a fine and good job of trying to help ourselves. Well, the newspapers carried a picture the other day of the first shipment of burlap to this country from Pakistan, which was hailed by you, by recall, as a major step in the nation's economy. That's right. Now, what other industries do you have that can develop in Pakistan? Mostly textile industries, then paper and pulp mills and heavy chemical industries. What do you have to sell the people of the United States? Jute, tea, skins and hides. Of course, you won't require so much, but we do export a large quantity for... And what do you want to buy from us? Well, we want to buy industrial machineries. You want to sell these farm products to us and you want to buy our industrial machinery. Do you want any of our so-called technical know-how? Certainly, it would be very valuable to us because it will help to build our own economy. And would you like to import some of our young men from the technical colleges? Certainly, they would be most welcome because your country has made very rapid stride in technological science and your know-how, as you put it, would be most valuable in helping us to develop our own industries. Would you like to import some of our capital, too? Oh, it would be most welcome, certainly. Are there any particular inducements you have for American capital? Yes, we have provided adequate safeguard for any investment which you might make. We give you certain guarantees and then we provide that certain amount of profits will be free from taxation. And then we also provide guarantees so that any profits which you make in your country would be able to be taken away by you freely without any restriction. How about taxes? Well, there is some tax accession up to, I think, some certain percentage of dividend of your capital investment will be free of tax for a certain number of years. Actual exemption. Actual exemption, yes. There is no real danger of nationalization. American capital fears nationalization. No, we believe in free enterprise and all our industries are free and private and therefore there is no such danger, tall in our, in my country. As a free enterprise nation, sir, do you feel there's any threat of communism in Pakistan? No, there is no such threat. Why is that? Because we have a religious ideology, a positive religious ideology which does not leave any vacuum for any conflicting doctrine or ideology. You think the communists can operate only where there is a vacuum in any ideology? Yes, I sincerely think so. Now, since you are a Muslim state, sir, how can you best explain to our audience just what kind of government do you have? Is there a separation of church and state? Is there any influence of the government by the church? When you said a Muslim state, I think you meant by that the majority of the people of Pakistan believe in the Muslim religion, but it is a democratic country and we have a parliamentary system of government and there is no state, church or mosques and all of our mosques which would be equivalent to your churches are completely free and they do not receive any state aid or assistance. Are other churches allowed to set up, shop and practice their religion? We believe that every citizen of Pakistan has a complete freedom to worship just according to his own wishes and according to his own desire and we give them every kind of assistance to do so. There are missionary churches and there are a lot of churches of all denominations there are synagogues there is the Buddhist pagodas. What is your relation to the British Empire now? We are a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and we are not a part of the British Empire. We are a member of the Commonwealth which is a free and voluntary association of nations. Now we've had some of our problems in the Orient and one of the things that we debate in this country is the recognition of red China. Now has your country recognized red China? Yes we have. By recognition we mean that we recognize an actual fact. It does not imply that we confer any blessing or give our seal of approval to any system of government. Do you trade with red China? Yes we do. And do you trade with Soviet Russia now? Yes we do. You export these jute and tea and things of this sort to Soviet Russia? Yes we do. And do you maintain an active trade with India? Yes we do. Not very active at the moment but we do have Is that because of India's restrictions or yours? That is because of India not freely accepting the power value of our currency. Your currency is of more value than the Indian currency? Yes it is. That has the same basis has it not? The currency is the same nomenclature. The same nomenclature yes. We have the rupees and India has also the rupees. At the time of partition which means at the time when two countries became sovereign and independent we our currency had the power value. But subsequently we proved that our economy was better. And therefore when India devalued we did not feel the need for devaluation. This is since 1947. Yes we became independent. We've heard something about land reform in Pakistan sir. Can you tell us how you've affected your land reform? Yes we had an antiquated system of land tenure which meant that the farmers were not the real owners of the land. The real owners were a class of landlords and they were a sort of intermediary between the farmer and the government. And now we want to reform the system and we have abolished the system. And under this system the farmers will become the owners of the land and they will pay their taxes and rents direct to government. What happens to the landlords? Oh they will be paid some nominal compensation. They will be liquidated. Yes but a very nominal one. Now what do they have to do? Go to work? No yes they will have to earn their living now. Has this been... I shall have to think out some means of livelihood because I unfortunately belong to that class. You're the dispossessed landlord class. I'm not yet with dispossess but I think I'll be dispossessed by the end of this year. That has been a form of expropriation has it? It's not exactly expropriation because we do not believe in expropriation. But at the same time we feel that the landlords have made enough out of the land and so we give them some amount of compensation. Well I gather that even though you are being dispossessed you're in favor of the program. Well certainly because it is a step forward. And we do feel that the farmer should become the actual owners of the land. Though it affects me adversely but I feel that this is a progressive step which my government has taken. And are more people being educated in Pakistan now? Yes. Well Mr. Ambassador as we understand what you've said tonight, Pakistan is a very hopeful country. You welcome American capital and American technicians and you expect to maintain a system of individual freedom. Thank you very much for being with us sir. The editorial board for this edition of the Longeen Chronoscope was Mr. William Bradford Huey and Mr. Donald R. Rogers. Our distinguished guest was his excellency Dr. Mohammed Ali, ambassador from Pakistan to the United States. When spring comes in many homes thoughts turn ahead to the big moment of graduation. The most wanted graduation gift is a fine watch and many budding graduates aspire to the world's most honored watch, Longeen because no other watch is so much a symbol of achievement. And why not a Longeen? For a Longeen watch is worth much more than the little more it costs. 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This is David Ross speaking for your regular host Frank Knight inviting you to join us every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evening at the same time for the Longeen Chronoscope a television journal of the important issues of the hour broadcast on behalf of Longeen the world's most honored watch and Wittnor Distinguished Companion to the world honored Longeen sold and serviced from coast to coast by more than 4,000 leading jewelers who proudly display the emblem agency for Longeen Wittnor watches. This is the CBS television network.