 Dietary and metabolic therapies have been attempted for various neurological diseases, including epilepsy, headache, neurotrauma, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, sleep disorders, brain cancer, autism, pain, and multiple sclerosis. The rationale behind these treatments is the lack of effectiveness of pharmacological therapies and the appeal of natural treatment, however, the spectrum of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these diseases suggests that a single dietary treatment may not be effective universally. Nonetheless, alterations in certain dietary constituents could affect the course and outcome of these brain disorders. The ketogenic diet, KD, is an example of a dietary treatment with proven efficacy against epilepsy. Its mechanisms are unclear, but evidence suggests that its effectiveness may be related to normalizing aberrant energy metabolism. The concept that many neurological conditions are linked pathophysiologically to energy dysregulation could provide a common research and experimental therapeutics platform for several neurological diseases. This article was authored by Zhang Min-Roe and Carl E. Staffstrom. We are article.tv, links in the description below.