 Despite aggressive standard of care for glioblastoma, GBM, the median overall survival of patients remains no longer than 15 months due to significant tumor heterogeneity, immunosuppression induced by the tumor immune microenvironment and low mutational burden. Advances in immunotherapeutic approaches have shown promise for GBM treatment, including CAR T cells, oncolytic viruses, cancer vaccines, and checkpoint blockade inhibitors. Current clinical trials and previous findings are discussed to shed light on novel strategies to overcome limitations and challenges. This article was authored by Boyang Yuan, Guaqing Wang, Shintang, and others.