 Avalikar, who works in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Walsh and Institute of Technology, Sallapur. But today I am going to give a lecture on application of IoT in agriculture. As part of learning outcome, at the end of this session, students will be able to know the application of IoT in agriculture. So now we will discuss the need of IoT in agriculture before discussing its components and how it is being used in agriculture system. Usually the IoT is required in pest monitoring, storage monitoring, tracking form products, prevention of illegal logging and mobile money transfer. Usually the farmers are facing in order to identify pest in a particular time, in a particular season because of that they are facing a economical loss. And they don't know, so how to identify pest timely, but this IoT will enable them to remotely identify that particular pest a particular time. Storage monitoring, it is usually used to store a form products and IoT will enable users to store their form products in a precise manner. And also it is used to track a form products from their fields. And also it is being used a prevention of illegal logging into their form field. And also it will enables a farmer to transport a mobile, transport a money through their mobile. So now we will discuss what is smart forming. Smart forming is an emerging concept that refers to managing forms using modern information and communication technologies. So nowadays all farmers are using mobiles so that they can make use of this modern information and communication technologies in managing their forms. Smart forming increases the quantity and quality of products or form products. And this IoT is usually used or employed in sensing soil, water, light, humidity, temperature in a particular field. In order to check pH value of the soil, IoT will enables user remotely to check what is the pH value of their particular soil. And also they can remotely monitor the water management, the light management and checking the humidity, temperature of that particular area. So based on temperature or based on the information sensor by the sensors so they can take any measurement or they can take an actions. So their IoT is also being used in setting up the soft fields in a particular fields so that they can manage a particular field. And also the IoT is used in connectivity while setting in a IoT system. Example for the connectivity is cellular and LORA. So location here GPS and satellites are the concept of IoT being used and in robotics the autonomous tractors, processing facilities etc. And also IoT being used in data analytics in order to analyze the data issued form at different locations. So these are the different technologies of being used in smart forming. So one is sensing technology that will senses soil pH value, temperature, light, humidity etc. And software applications are used to store to manage a form information or form products. And communication technologies are used to communicate between the different agencies and with the different neighbor farmers. And telematics positioning technologies is also enables farmers to go for a smart forming. And adherence software systems will also helps in setting off IoT in their form field. The data analytics solutions will help to analyze to a particular information issued from the different locations. So now we will discuss how IoT can be used in agriculture. It is used in livestock monitoring, monitoring the climate conditions, greenhouse automation and crop monitoring. So usually the farmers do not know how to monitor the livestock of their particular crops. So once the crops is ready to sell, so they can timingly know the price, the stock of that particular products. They can monitor remotely what is the temperature, what is the light management. So based on the information issued from this IoT system, so they can go for spraying, they can go for water management. They can decide on fertilizers, etc. It is also mainly used in a greenhouse automation system. So IoT will enables to set off greenhouses in a form fields. And also it is being used in a crop monitoring. So what is the health of that particular crops and what is growth of that particular crop. And this is a best example where IoT is used and it is bigly helping to the farmers. So now think and write an answer to the question, how IoT benefits a farmers. So these are the benefits of IoT in agriculture. So it excels efficiency because of the application of IoT or because of the smart forming. So they can improve their product and quality and be more responsive to the change in the environmental conditions and change in the particular conditions. So that they can act immediately in managing the pest management or water management or other remedial actions. So using IoT they can expands from their size of the field. They can go for higher productivity or they can go for the higher rate of farming. So if they are using IoT technology in agriculture, so it makes them they use off more resources. So it is helping maintaining managing forms with the help of limited resources. And also they can go for the cleaner process because the IoT will enables them maintain forms remotely without any labor cost. So they can maintain a cleaning of that particular fields. And also agility, so they cannot depend on one particular method. They can go for different techniques without use of labor so they can manage a particular farming. As I said if they are using IoT in farming, so automatically the quality of the product is improved and the cleaning processes. So now with advantages it is also facing some challenges. So these are the some challenges faced by the farmers while setting your smart farming. So usually they are facing problem with oddwares because the required oddwares may not be available right time and the farmers usually they are not qualified. So they may not cope up with how to use these IoT components. And also it incurs the maintenance cost so it is a burden on the farmers. As the IoT setup usually large in size right, so moment of these IoT system or IoT setup from one location to another location or one field to another field is incurs a cost that is a transportation cost. And these are the references I referred, so out of which two are books and the two are the indirect content. Thank you.