 Large language models, LLMs, are AI tools specifically trained for text processing and generation, which attracted substantial public attention after OpenAI's chat GPT was made available in November 2022. These models can often answer questions, summarize, paraphrase, and translate text on a nearly indistinguishable human level. LLMs are attractive tools in various fields, including medicine, where they have the potential to democratize medical knowledge and facilitate access to healthcare. However, they could also distribute misinformation and exacerbate scientific misconduct due to a lack of accountability and transparency. This article provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of LLMs' potentials and limitations in clinical practice, medical research, and medical education. This article was authored by Jan Klussman, Fiona Akolbinger, Hannah Safi-Meaty and others.