 So it's three o'clock, so I think we're going to get started now. So hi everyone, thank you so much for braving the weather outside to make it here today. I've heard it's gotten particularly nasty out there, so thank you for that. This is the second Lightning Talk in the Digital Matters Lab. I'm Rebecca Cummings. I'm the Research Data Management Librarian here in the Marriott Library. And today we're going to do an introduction to digital humanities tools. The way this is going to work is we have six presenters, each of whom are going to take 10 minutes to talk about a tool that supports the digital humanities. Since we only have 10 minutes, you won't walk away knowing everything there is to know about the tools we're going to cover, but hopefully at least you get an idea of what kind of tools are being used and their capabilities, and maybe if they'll be useful in your research. So this is the list of tools and speakers that we have for today. Brian McBride is going to start us off by talking about WordPress. After that, we're going to hear from Justin Sorensen, who is our local GIS expert to talk about ArcGIS and Google Earth. Elizabeth Calloway will talk about R and Anitrawe will talk about Omega. I'm going to cover Zotero and Lisa Swanstrom is going to talk about Voyant. Since we do have six speakers, I'm going to ask you to hold your questions until the end just to make sure we give everyone their time, and then we should have about 10 to 15 minutes for Q&A afterwards. So without further ado, I'm going to turn it over to Brian McBride, and I'll get your slides cued up. Thanks, Rebecca. Thanks for inviting me back to talk today. As some of you might know, before I get started with WordPress, we actually have a team of developers here at the library specifically dedicated to digital infrastructure development, be it our repositories, our WordPress instance, or any other type of digital humanities or other type of projects we're working on. We're actually working on a data repository right now with Rebecca and the data repository team. So without ado, just want to let everybody know about that, and let's talk about WordPress. So WordPress didn't really start as a blog. It was intended to start as an update in typography, and you can actually read about the history right there. But moving forward, some people might not know what WordPress really is. Some people think it's a blog. It has blogging capabilities, but what it really is is it's a content management system that's highly pluggable. It's almost like an application development framework in its essence. So some of the things that we use it for here at the library for blogging, we do some publishing. I can talk about a project we did later. Content management, and that's where the core of the system is. It's also the application platform, and you can really do a lot more than what's just listed here. So to give some people some context, I went through and found some notable websites that actually utilize WordPress as their infrastructure. We actually wrote with a team here a project with Ms. Batten, The Ethics of Suicide. It's actually a handbook, and it was published by Oxford University Press. And on top of that, there's actually the online component of the book that has a lot of additional material that wasn't put in the published edition. There's also markup and linkings so that there's sort of a community there that people can ask questions and make it a little bit more interactive. Some flexibility that you don't necessarily have in traditional publishing. So this is Chicago Sun-Times, the Prime Minister of India's official website. I thought that was pretty cool. The Georgia State University, the National Health Services Leadership Academy in the UK, always give a mention to the schools in Boston. The MIT Sloan Management Review, sort of an inside joke. Time and then ink. So you can see there's a wide range of corporations or institutions or organizations that actually utilize WordPress. Not necessarily in its traditional sense, but they're using it. And these are very highly sought after sites that get a lot of users. So you might be asking what can you do with WordPress here at the university as digital humanities or just in general. So you can really do pretty much a lot of things, some of the things that I came up with that might be helpful to give some ideas to start off with. If you just want to throw up a website, you know, there's tons of platforms out there to do websites. WordPress gives you some functionality that you wouldn't necessarily get using static HTML or using Dream or any other type of application. So you can do forums. Forms might be a good place to bounce ideas off each other, sort of get an interactive community going a little bit. That's very specific to your needs. The content distribution. I think this is a pretty excellent opportunity to use WordPress for actually distributing content. E-commerce, not sure if that's reflective on our community and academia per se, but there is a wide variety of e-commerce systems that tie into WordPress seamlessly. Online communities, surveys, mailing lists, more digital publications, a lot more. This is really just a very small subset of what you can actually do with this platform. What do you need to get started with WordPress? Some people are a little bit hesitant. They might hear WordPress. They don't really understand what it is, or they don't know how to get started with it. They might say they have a much technical expertise, but the reality is to get a basic WordPress site up and going, it doesn't require that much expertise. In fact, this is essentially all you need. And the fourth one being the necessary requirement is time and energy. Anything learning something new takes a bit of time and devotion and dedication. So anybody can take this. If you have these four requirements met, you can head over to WordPress.com, and they actually provide a very basic setup of WordPress that's free for anyone to use. They do have a pricing model that if you require a certain functionality that's not on the free model, you can actually pay, and it's not too much money, it's just a few bucks a month to actually have the increased functionality. Two is we have the library with some other departments here in the library are actually looking into. We have an instance of WordPress and a multi-set instance that we're using that we'd like to talk about, some potential partnerships with other people in the University of Utah community. So if you have any questions, feel free to contact me, either technical, logistical, just want to send an email. Yeah, and if there's any questions at the end of the meeting, I'd be happy to answer them. Thank you, Brian. Justin, you're up next. All right. Good afternoon, everyone. Today I'll be briefly introducing you to a couple of tools that we utilize in the realm of GIS. ArcGIS and Google Earth are tools utilized for the visualization of data and the creation of geospatial projects. Both programs fall under the broad field of visualization software known as GIS, which stands for geographic information systems or in more recent trends being referred to as geospatial information systems. At its core, GIS platforms allow for the visualization, analysis, and interpretation of data in order to geospatially understand relationships, patterns, and trends in data through the development and presentation of cartographic maps, interactive mapping platforms, and geospatial infographics. GIS programs such as these accomplish this by incorporating multiple layers, which when brought together, create a geospatial project and visualization that expresses and enhances data through the presentation of visual resources. Within the service of digital humanities, GIS plays an important role in the research, visualization, and project development of students, staff, faculty, and researchers in several ways. First, GIS creates an approved communication of information. Statistical charts, spreadsheets, and raw data, comprehensible by individuals in select fields, can now be visualized and presented in a geospatial format that allows others outside of these fields the opportunity to interact with, interpret, and draw conclusions from. GIS-based maps and visualizations greatly assist in understanding situations and in the storytelling process. Many of the projects and research topics fall into this definition, allowing viewers the ability to visualize events and information at the heart of projects to relay thoughts, ideas, and interpretations in ways texts cannot. GIS establishes a universal language between multiple disciplines, departments, professional fields, organizations, and the public. It's been said that a picture can paint a thousand words. So in the case of GIS, a picture is painted that geospatially represents discipline-specific data and information on demand that others can quickly access, understand, and interpret. Finally, GIS allows for the visualization and display of many types of data and can be used as a comparative and analytical tool for discovering how information relates. It's for these reasons that there are very few types of information that cannot be expressed geospatially through geospatial platforms such as these, making them an excellent resource for presenting and visualizing information in a creative and innovative manner. Through the conversion of data into geospatial visualization, GIS programs such as ArcGIS and Google Earth enable users with the ability to share information quickly and visually through the creation of maps and projects, while simultaneously sharing many factors about the data that might otherwise be overlooked. ArcGIS and Google Earth differ in their functionality and ability to share information with others. Google Earth is the introductory program that I encourage individuals pursuing their first geospatial program to consider due to its user-friendly interface and ability to share information through a free downloadable platform. Google Earth offers the ability to create basic location information, visualize statistical information, and generate geospatial projects while taking advantage of high-resolution satellite imagery and three-dimensional technology. ArcGIS is a professional-level subscription-based platform which expands upon the features found in Google Earth with the incorporation of comparative and analytical tools for research and development. Because ArcGIS is so vast, here at the Marriott Library, we offer support and assistance to students, staff, and faculty in the creation of geospatial projects, meaning even if you don't have experience with ArcGIS projects or programs, but have an interest in adding that to a project you're working on, we're here to help you develop those skills through a collaborative development of your project. So, you may be wondering, how does the output of this platform appear when it's actually in practice? Let's first look at how Google Earth can enhance the presentation of display of information. Consider a project that contains a collection of historical photographs. Now, there's certainly an option where you could take these images, put them on a website, and allow others to access them in that manner. But why not add a geospatial component to them by locating each image on an interactive map, displaying them side-by-side with an image of a current location, the same location, while presenting all the information that you wish to present to the user or perhaps you're examining environmental impacts and a document is just not enough to express the seriousness of what is taking place. Creating a geospatial visualization representing your information can be just the way to go in order to capture the viewer's attention, relay the information, and examine the content in greater detail. Let's now bring in the professional ArcGIS platform for an analytical and comparative functionality. Take, for example, a spreadsheet of data that represents nuclear detonations that were conducted in Nevada and the numerical impacts for fallout that have resulted throughout Utah. Through the conversion of data to a geospatial visualization, we quickly gain a clear understanding of the data extent being represented and the events as they progress. In addition, we develop an understanding of the information being focused on and full of detail being presented, what information is being presented through descriptive titles and narratives, as well as a breakdown of statistical information through visual and thematic color schemes available on demand. The creation of analytical components representing your information can easily lead to the development of full-scale digital projects and a continued pursuit of research and learning. So in conclusion, GIS programs such as these are unofficial for sharing data and resources geospatially while taking research projects to a new level. The diversity of projects and disciplines utilizing GIS platforms demonstrates a wide variety of possibilities for future research, project development, and collaborations that students, faculty, and researchers are able to utilize within their research endeavors. And as our world continues converting towards a digital realm, GIS will continue to be providing many tools available to assist in geospatially sharing and visualizing information while aiding researchers in achieving their project goals. Thank you, Justin. Lizzie, come on up. Hi, I'm Lizzie. I'm going to talk to you about R today. R is a programming language and a software environment that's designed to facilitate statistical analysis of data so I'm going to walk away but I'm going to keep projecting. This is what it looks like to work in R through R Studio, one of the common interfaces used for R. This is where you would be entering your code right here in the R console is where the results lots and lots of errors would pop up and then here's where any visuals you created would appear. And here I've just mapped the occurrence of the word tool, in 60 documents which all belong to the what is digital humanities genre. So perhaps today's definition and exploration of tools is a good place to start when talking about digital humanities. You'll see that tools appears in nearly every definitional statement, something that's not true for things like this is the word gender yet. So what can you do in R? There are things that other programs will let you do perhaps more easily with less of a learning curve in starting up. You could go to places like Lexos which will let you do things like visualize your text with relative word frequencies word trees, those kinds of things. R can do that, Lexos is an easier place to start. You could go to raw density design which lets you visualize things in plots like scatter plots, histograms all sorts of charts that you've never even heard of before and probably don't need to use. You can go to Palladio which will let you visualize networks on top of maps and then slide those networks through time to look at networks through time R can do that too. You could go to a plugin for Zotero paper machines which lets you topic model things. So one of the ways to go about gaining facility with digital humanities tools is to start with tools like these and then when you get to places where you want them to do things that they can't do for you you need to specialize them then you can go pick up a programming language like R or Java or something to specialize what you're doing. So what can you do with R? All sort of text mining applications word counts, relative root frequencies of words can do word cloud visualizations you could print keywords in context so if I want to know how tools is being used in my corpus I can go look at the ten words or thirty words before and after each use of the word tools so I know if people are saying tools are bad we never use them in digital humanities or if they're saying that they indeed use tools. You can do things like sentiment analysis which someone talked about last time with certain words indicating either positive or negative sentiments words like best, awesome who would get a positive numerical value and worst and so on you can do topic modeling in which you ask the computer to locate to put together words that tend to co-occur in texts you can also do all sorts of visualizations in plots histogram scatter plots veranoi, alluvial, senki diagrams stream graphs you can do mapping and network analysis so what can you do with R? You can generate data and visualize it you're really only limited by what people have written packages to do and then if you get really good you're only limited by what kind of packages you yourself can write for R. I don't do that yet one of the big names in digital humanities who is using R for literary analysis is of course Matthew Jockers and he's written a book for literary scholars who want to learn R so that he has a kind of foundational textbook in methods in R for students of literature so here you can see for example he's plotted the word romance in British novel titles over time he's working with a corpus of over 3,000 novels and I'll just show you a series of diagrams from microanalysis here's the usage of the word beautiful English and American novels by decades so this isn't just the titles this is in the text of the novels themselves and he could then perhaps construct an argument about this shift over here or things like that here's a figure generated in R about genre signals through time so you have percentage of novels published what percentage of novels published fall into each of these genres like Gothic, historical novel, the Buildings Roman etc he does topic modeling in R so here's a topic of words that tend to co-occur together that he's labeled the Ireland theme pretty obvious there and then you can look at those themes through time so here is a different topic tenants and landlords and how it appears through time for three different nations of literature so you have the American is the black line Irish is the light grey line which you can't really distinguish very well on the screen from the British medium grey line which is the more steady line without all the peaks and valleys so then he could start looking at topics compared across types of novels he has I'm going to go back one the interesting thing about this Schocker's book is that it's not really any one diagram that you look at that makes a really powerful argument that you say that's where it's at the way I look at novels has changed rather it's sort of a slow accretion of different kinds of figures that he puts up that really start to make an argument about how texts resemble each other whether it's by genre or nation or author and how we recognize them as being related to each other other people are doing network analysis with our here we have Yan Chang Zhao who has done a reading of the handle our data mining and what people what words people tend to use when they call out or tag that handle or write from that account and well it doesn't really make sense to topic model a 140 character tweet you can see that word that to occur together closer together on the network and have more connections so you can start to analyze vast bodies of things like tweets you can also map things on the globe we just talked about GIS but our can do some of that as well here he has mapped the followers of our data mining handle so that you can start to think about who's following our data mining I guess you can also do heat maps on real maps and I don't really know what the argument is behind this because this is just an example from one of the many guides that are available online but here it is the 1923 winter market and how many buyers are in each state so if you have a type of question that could be answered by kind of a diffusion across space then perhaps you could use this all in all R is an incredibly versatile tool that can be used to answer a variety of questions there is like any programming language a really steep learning curve but then once you learn it to do say one type of analysis like topic modeling it's then easier to say now I want to do mapping I know the basics I can do nearly anything given my language so I'm going to go to the facility now thank you so much thank you all right Anna you're up all right so I'm going to cover omega today and before I get started I just want a quick show of hands has anybody used omega before only Rebecca oh got like two people okay so this will be review for some of you but hopefully not too much and I'm Anna I'm a metadata librarian I'm going to go over some of the basics what is it why might you be interested in it I'm going to touch a little bit on customizations and ways to extend omega functionality I'm going to show some examples of interesting omega projects I'm going to try to do live demos we'll see how that works and I'm going to focus on some projects that were done mostly by undergraduates in omega because I think it can be a platform for that kind of work and I'll also highlight some resources for learning more so what it is it's a web publishing tool and it's developed by the Center for History and New Media at George Mason University which is you know the juggernaut digital humanities center that also has developed tools such as Press Forward Zotero supports the September 11th archive and much much much much more they have a list of great suggestions for ways that you might use omega split up between different disciplines but three things that I just wanted to highlight are supporting student scholarship creating attractive visual displays of digital collection materials and also it can be used as a platform for creating and publishing digital scholarship librarians love Venn diagrams so giving an opportunity to include one in a presentation we will and this might be unfortunately a little bit hard to read but I wanted to highlight this because this is how omega positions itself in the tech ecosystem and it's at this intersection of things like web content management systems like WordPress which we just talked about also museum collection management systems and library digital collections and repository systems and you'll see there omega is like kind of a tiny piece of all of those things but it doesn't do everything that all of these systems do so what is it not for it's not really a full fledged content or digital asset management system for example in the library community I don't really know of any library that only uses omega for their digital collections they usually use some other main software platform like we used to use content dm which we're not using anymore and then they export that data selected data for use in omega another thing that I really want to highlight is that it's not a digital preservation system so if you're using it for work and you're putting your content up on the web it's not going to stay there perfectly preserved forever you still need to work on preserving your materials and that's something that we in the library can help you out with if you have high resolution tiffs or some images that you're using in your scholarship maybe you're creating an omega site for a class but you also want to make sure that those materials are preserved for the long term I'd encourage you to check in with the library about that this is just a very quick look at what it looks like to edit an item I took this off of our sandbox sandbox instance of it if you're comfortable using a word processor if you're comfortable doing any web publishing like blogging or posting to Facebook you can basically figure out how to add content to omega and how to edit content once it's in omega so I'm going to talk now about some different projects and kind of highlight how omega can be configured to look depending on the kinds of uses that you're envisioning for it and also give you an idea of the breadth of what it can be used for so this is my appeal to authority this is an exhibit that I put together and I'm not going to click through to that but I put together an exhibit for the Civilian Conservation Corps for the digital public library of America and they have dozens of exhibits on different historical topics that are all developed in omega and they also have sets of primary source materials for K through 12 teachers and all of those are curated within omega as well okay go in north this is another awesome exhibit and that was done by a combined graduate and undergraduate class and this focuses on oral histories so you can click through and listen to different oral histories that are tagged at different times and learn about the stories of people who migrated to Philadelphia omega has a lot of plugins just as Brian was talking about plugins with word press there's the same kind of thing here so often when you're thinking about a project there are ways to extend the functionality to make uploading into omega easier to make some of the backend collection management easier and you'll see here there's also some plugins right here text analysis and text annotation one of the most popular plugins is neat line and this is something that allows you to do some basic mapping and create some stories to tell with maps and timelines so one example here what I'm highlighting is an exhibit on a sentimental journey by an undergraduate at the University of Virginia I'm going to try and actually bring it up yay! here we go here we can see there's some text along the side and then there's a nice timeline going ahead as you move forward in the novel and then some of the points in the novel as well those are then expressed on a map you can get quotes from the text and then also some extra explanatory text so that's a nice way to do sort of a deep dive into a work of literature that is moving through space and time in a visual way and that's an undergraduate student project so that can be like a really interesting capstone for someone if you're thinking of using this in the classroom and another one that I'm going to go to directly what I'm trying to get to this is one of my kind of favorite public digital humanities sites this is the Our Marathon project which is at Northeastern so Boston Brian and they have a variety of exhibits and things up dealing with neat line I'm going to see if I can navigate to the map that I was trying to get to you'll see here they have some maps with some of their contributions put up and here's an example again of a neat line exhibit put together by an undergraduate student so we'll see if that loads so a map doesn't necessarily have to be a geospatial map so in this case this is a poster of messages that were left after the Boston bombing and they've used neat line this mapping and visualization tool to pick out themes in the map and that can serve as a window to items in their digital collection so you can highlight over here and pick out different themes I've now like moved in so close I've highlighted just things that are focused on the theme of Boston strong and then that can be a jumping off point to go in and explore all of these messages that they have tagged in their archive on that theme so that's just another use of neat line how you can use mapping for things that are not necessarily geospatial but also give people a different way of browsing that collection of archival materials another plug-in that I'm very intrigued by is Scripto which is a plug-in that works both with WordPress and Omega and it leverages Wikimedia or Wiki editing software to give you a platform for doing crowd source transcriptions and you can see the value of that if you're dealing with materials with incredibly messy handwriting often we do not have the skills to read incredibly messy handwriting anymore or even just incredibly legible cursive handwriting so that can be a way of bringing in more functionalities to some text that you want to analyze and then after you go through some things and transcribe text using Scripto then you could go ahead and use some text visualization on it once you have that captured so there are a few resources for learning more I really like the lessons on Omega that are up at the programming historian if you haven't checked that out yet and there's quite a few screen casts and other resources for getting started with Omega and if you have any questions for me really feel free to let me know thanks thanks Anna I am doing lots of live demos and I'm a little bit nervous alright so hello again Rebecca Cummings data management librarian here and I'm going to talk about Zotero which is another really great tool that was developed at the Roy Rosenswig Center for History and New Media at George Mason University just like Omega and the way that I think of Zotero is it really is like a life hack for organizing all the digital content in your life I think we're going to start off by talking about a problem and that problem is that we are taking it taking an information from all over the place as researchers we often start our projects by thinking about our literature views thinking about just the entire landscape of what's been said about a topic that we're interested in or a project that we're working on and so we often get to work looking at things like databases hopefully checking your library catalog maybe looking at irregular sources like YouTube or blogs or maybe even an email exchange you had with a colleague so we really we're in this environment now where we are getting data and information from all over the place and organizing that content can be a bit of a challenge and so Zotero is a tool that really helps you kind of wrangle your research resources so so what is it? Zotero is free open source software that helps you collect, organize, share and cite your references and your research resources what I love about it above other tools is it allows you to work in the browser so some tools are now incorporating this as well but when we're doing our research when we're looking for our resources what we're often doing is looking at a browser something like home or safari or internet explorer or firefox and Zotero works right in there so you can save things with a click of a button when you find them it's really great for collaborative work so if you want to start a shared library and work with a co-author for instance if you have a library where you can both put content in there you can do that it's great for note taking and creating annotated bibliographies or tagging content with words you'd like to tag it with and probably most important it's really great at automating your citation work so citation work creating your bibliography it's kind of it can be drudgery if you're doing this stuff by hand or even cutting and pasting it so it allows you to automate that work and make it go a lot faster there are three components of Zotero and sometimes this is the learning curve that people have to get over when they're adopting this technology the first is Zotero.org that's where you go to download the software and set up your online account it's also where you go if you need help and you want to do some online discussions to figure out how to use the tool better the second piece of the puzzle is an application or a plugin that you use to manage your library and that's going to be Zotero for Firefox or Zotero standalone and I'm going to show you what those things look like and then the third thing is Zotero plugin for Word and that is how your reference library is going to talk to your Word documents when you need to plug those sources into your paper so if it seems confusing it's actually really not all that bad we're going to walk through that momentarily in the next you know probably seven minutes or so I'm going to demonstrate just the main capacity of Zotero we're not going to look at everything Zotero does but I'm going to show you how to set up your account and how to install Zotero how to add references to your Zotero library how to then plug those references into a Word document and then how to set and change your document preferences there's a lot more you can do with Zotero but I think if you're just getting started that's probably the place where you're going to start okay Anna here's hoping this works okay so I'm going to go to Firefox first okay good you can see that that's great and the reason I'm going to Firefox is because Firefox is an open source browser that tends to work best with open source tools you can use it in other browsers but I've found that it's the least buggy and has the most functionality if you work in Firefox so we're going to go to Zotero.org I'm going to log out because I want to see it the way you would if it were the first time you were looking at it what you would do first is you're going to register for an online account just like you would many other things online you'll create a username you'll give them your email address and create a password and you'll prove you're not a robot and that will get you your Zotero account the next thing you're going to do is you're going to download Zotero and what you're actually downloading is one of two things you're either going to download Zotero for Firefox which is the plugin you use in the Firefox browser or Zotero standalone which is an application that works with Firefox, Chrome or Safari but not Internet Explorer because of the crazy proprietary things attached to Microsoft products but like I said I use Firefox and so that's what we're going to look at today but either of them work exceptionally well don't worry too much about which one that you use just pick one and stick with it so I'm going to log back in and you probably can't see this great but what you're looking at here is my library it does live in the back end of Zotero and then other things that you can do here you can create groups if you want to work with people you can find really good documentation but that's pretty much all you do in this Zotero.org where you're actually going to do your work is the application or the plugin and here because the plugin lives in Firefox it lives at the very top of my browser it looks like a little Z up there and when I click on it my library shows up if you hadn't yet synced your library because we're assuming that this is the first time you've ever used it you would go to preferences you'd go to sync and you would just add the username and password that you just created in Zotero.org and now your application is synced to the back end of Zotero okay so this is my library of something like 3400 digital objects that I've collected over the years that are of interest to me right now we're going to pretend we're starting a new research project and we're going to call it digital humanities and libraries that seems appropriate for today so now I've started this new collection over here sorry Angela I'm going to walk away for a second but I'll be right back so over here is where you see your entire library in the middle is where you see objects that are inside of your collection and on the right hand side of the screen you're going to see the metadata attached to each individual item so if you click on it that's when you see things like item type, the title, the author the abstract, the URL and lots and lots of information the quality of the metadata is going to be completely based on the quality of the resource that you're using so if you find a resource for instance in our library catalog odds are it's going to have really wonderful robust well-structured metadata if you find it on YouTube it might be less so but you can go and edit that metadata as you need to so today we're going to add three items to our collection and I'm going to show you how to plug those into a Word document so let's go back to our right now empty library digital humanities and libraries I'm going to bring that down because I want to be able to do some searching and I'm going to start where I'm sure all of you do when you do your research I'm going to start at lib.utah.edu which is a wonderful place to start your research so if you are here and look up digital humanities oops which isn't spelled twice because I get nervous in front of people digital humanities and I'm just going to do this asterisk it's a library trick you can ask later if you're curious about that so here we can see lots of great information lots of great resources and let's go ahead and save a couple we're going to assume we've actually read through them and said okay yes that is what I'm looking for digital humanities in the library and up in the toolbar next to that Z where you're doing that's where your Zotero lives there's a little book icon if you click on that it just grabbed that resource and added it to your library it's that easy it's one click to add these things to your resource library we're going to do another search and let's grab one more thing this is a really positive title working together or apart again let's click on that book icon and now we've grabbed two things for that library now just to show you this doesn't just work in library interfaces let's go to the newyorktimes.com and let's do a search again digital humanities library lots of interesting stories there but let's grab this one digital humanities boots up on some campuses just like it is here at the University of Utah and when you see a little newspaper icon show up next to the Z you click on that as well so now we've got this little collection that we just created three different items related to digital humanities you probably can't see them from where you're sitting but that's fine probably the most important thing to notice though if you can see it is that there's really great structured information here that Zotero just pulled off the web metadata that was embedded on those different websites if we click on this one this was the newspaper article all the metadata is right there on the right if you found something in that article like a quote that you really wanted to capture or a statistic that you wanted to keep that's something you could add in the note section in Zotero it would show up as a child record underneath the metadata record New York Times does a great job tagging all their articles so these tags are already embedded if you wanted to add more tags you could do that if you found an article that maybe related really well to something else that you read you can relate those two articles together so that they show up kind of in conjunction with one another so there's a lot of functionality here right in the application but let's go do the thing that almost everyone does when they're working in Zotero and that's plugging those citations now into your paper okay so let's go to word minimize this I'm gonna go to word okay let's create a document now so let's pretend we're gonna start writing our paper this what's a nice thing we can say I'll make this bigger for you guys okay I'm gonna keep my notes right here okay so let's say libraries and dh are natural partners and then we're gonna plug our citations in so you go to the little scroll this is Zotero in word go to Zotero add citation we're gonna pick our citation style so I use APA but of course you could pick one of many citation styles and then you do you're gonna search digital humanities and libraries let's see what pops up okay that's the citation I want I click on that and even if you only remembered a tiny bit if you remembered a phrase from the article if you remembered a piece of the title the author's name let's say you only remembered it was in the New York Times Zotero library and it automatically plugs into your word document let's do another one so libraries produce digital content and let's do another search so Zotero add citation and we'll do the same search we know it's in digital humanities folder let's see what pops up that one looks good click there it is and let's just do our last one so working together is better than working alone this isn't very good paper but that's okay that's not really the point so Zotero add citation and now we're gonna look up there was that clear article we found I think it was actually called working together maybe yeah there it is working together or apart let's put that in and now once you're done with your paper what you would do is just go Zotero add bibliography and I'm gonna minimize this so you can see it better now the bibliography automatically shows up in your document which is just really really fantastic but you can see just by this how easy it is to capture your citations to plug them into your documents you can do lots of other things like learning how to annotate your bibliographies other resources much easier but bottom line is this work just shouldn't be done by hand because it's super easy and actually I think my 10 minutes are up nope it's not me yet and our next presenter I'm gonna turn it over to Lisa Swonstrom thank you so much for having me this is such a great series I'm very excited about it and my name is Lisa Swonstrom I'm a professor in the English department I'm gonna make a short plug some of you may have already heard from me about the critical digital humanities research interest group that we're hoping to revive this spring and if you're interested at all in participating either by reading works together or sharing works in progress please be in touch my email will be at the end of this presentation also David Rowe started a digital humanities website for the U and we're expanding that so if you have any news items or events that you think would be useful to disseminate please be in touch we'd love to add that to the site as well okay so I'm going to be talking about Voyant or Voyant which is a really useful text analysis tool and basically Voyant is something that you can use either on a browser or on your own computer and it allows you to either copy and paste or upload text files and it provides you after you do that a really good clear breakdown of word frequencies, of collocations of words and texts and it also provides you with some pretty dazzling options for data visualizations which are really kind of colorful and fun so this is how it works so you would go to Voyant and actually it's worth noting that Voyant has been in development at least since 2008 before it was Voyant it was Taepor which some of you might have been familiar with and it's headed by two researchers in Canada one who is at McGill the other who is at Alberta so it really is a kind of long term labor of love and I have to say I do remember using Taepor in earlier days and never was able to get the hang of it but Voyant is extremely user friendly so here what you would do this is their very simple streamlined interface you would either upload or paste a text into that box and you can actually upload multiple text files which makes it pretty useful but it's also worth noting that even though this is not what I use Voyant for you can actually use tabular data you can upload spreadsheets you can upload comma separated value information and it will work with that as well but I'm a literature scholar so I use it for studying literary texts so once you do upload that text or paste that text in there and it really is that simple you'll see a whole kind of interface of information about the text that you've just uploaded and then you can choose different outputs in terms of your visualizations here is a oh that's not showing up very well at all but this is a bubble line it kind of looks like a decorative part of the power point it is actually one of the options you have for data visualization in Voyant and what it does is just as this definition tells you that it represents each word in the document according to the size and color of a circle the larger the circle the more frequently that word appears and in some ways this is not very helpful because just by looking at it you don't know what the words are but it does provide an interesting pattern what it shows you is that I'll come over here for a second it's about the same size as this one and this one right and so what it does is kind of create a pattern of distribution that might be worth looking at even though you don't know what the word is it might start or provoke some interesting research questions this one is much more familiar I think all of us have seen the word cloud same principle except in this one you see what the word is the larger the word the more frequently it appears and I'll talk about this particular text in just a moment and so this is their Cirrus option and they have many other options for visualization but one thing that Voyant also provides excuse me is a gallery or an opportunity to upload images from your own searches that will help future scholars who are trying to decide how they might best make use of Voyant in their own work and this was one that I found in their gallery that I found pretty provocative and someone who did his research focus was on post apocalyptic fiction science fiction and how cities were represented in these stories and he has a really large corpus of texts about this topic and what he did is he had a hunch I think that concerns about the apocalypse in the latter half of the 20th century might have a different tenor or tone than earlier about the apocalypse and sure enough when he tested this by loading all of these documents into Voyant what he found is that the terms the adjective environmental and nuclear became affixed to war in a way that they had not been previously and that makes perfect sense historically in terms of things that are happening during that time period but this is a really handy I think provocation and conversation starter about the topic that he had in mind so in my own work I'm interested in how natural ecologies are represented in science fiction as well as how technologies are represented in science fiction and together in particular but for this presentation I thought I would focus on one smaller subset of that larger concern which is the relationship between human and animals in early science fiction so I look at two texts here at first the first is a word peshero by H.G. Wells and that's what that bubble line was actually from and so what I did was in Voyant, you can actually pick the words you want Voyant to search for which is extremely useful you don't have to use their massive list of word frequencies, you can tell it which words to look for and you can also edit your stop words list so that is also an extremely simple, easy thing to do that Voyant provides. And so what I found by looking at the island of Dr. Moreau is that pretty clearly the word man is used more frequently throughout the novel than the word animal is. However, there are a couple of sections in the novel where that frequency is reversed. And so right here, for example, is a kind of a rich section. And so I kind of zoomed in on that. And with Voyant, you can look at their reader, which will tell you where that particular occurrence of those words occurred. And if you're familiar with this novel by H.D. Wells, this actually makes perfect sense. This is the moment that Montgomery, the main character who has thought all along that Moreau has been changing human beings into animals, realizes the reverse that in fact he has been making animals into some kind of gross approximation of human consciousness. And so it's kind of helpful because it sort of displays an interesting reversal in frequency. That's worth further attention. I also looked at Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and entered the same search terms. And here a similar pattern emerges. And so you have much more frequent use of the word man than the word animal. But in this section, the third section, you see that they are very close, if not identical in terms of frequency. And so if you go to that section, you can see that Shelley is actually talking about human beings. Victor in his research, Victor Frankenstein says that one of the phenomena which had really attracted my attention was the structure of the human frame and indeed any animal imbued with life. And that's pretty interesting because in this instance at least, the human is actually a subset of the animal according to Shelley's sort of epistemology and ontology. And that is another instance that kind of provokes further conversation, I think. And it's also worth noting that one thing that is a perpetual problem with any of these things that we're talking about in terms of text analysis is anytime you have a typo, right? So in dude with life, that should be endowed with life. This is something that this is a Gutenberg file. So you're dealing with kind of problems with cleaning your data as well. And the cool thing too about Voyant, as I said, is that you can upload multiple files. And just to show you what that can provide, Gutenberg also has a free collection of the complete pulp magazines from Amazing Stories from 1930. So I uploaded those 12 issues and just did the same kind of simple search in terms of frequency of word occurrence. And what I found was that the word said was the most prominent, most frequently used word. And this is not at all surprising. Early science fiction is very talky, right? It's very expository. But what's cool about Voyant is that it can let you see who's doing the talking. So you can go through these instances and see who is in fact speaking. And in one particular story, The Planet of Dread from August 1930, this is I think a pretty indicative type of story in terms of who is doing the speaking and the power relations that the story reveals. Primarily the speakers in these stories are primarily masculine. And in this case, you even have a literal master and servant relationship in this story that speaks to a lot of the problems of the ideology behind colonization that was really prominent in early science fiction. Okay. So those are some of the things that you can do with Voyant. It's a really useful, user-friendly tool. I would say that there are a couple of, I would offer a couple of caveats about it. This is a technical caveat. The second is more of a philosophic one. The technical caveat is this. You can use Voyant freely from your browser and it will sometimes work beautifully and other times it will just hang, right? And so a solution to this is that you can in fact run Voyant locally on your own machine. You simply have to download it. And that solves a lot of that problem. The other issue I think has to do with this statement, you can see through the text, right? Voyant in French, I'm not a French speaker, but I looked it up just to make sure that I had this right. It can mean of seeing, but it also has this kind of sense of clairvoyance. And the tagline for Voyant, see through your text, speaks to this kind of idea or dream about transparency I think that is a false dream, right? So I would use Voyant to provoke questions rather than looking for simple transparencies or solutions to them and I just kind of offer that as a caveat. So with that, thank you very much and please do be in touch if you would like to be a part of the RIT. Thanks. Thank you, Lisa. So before we get into Q&A, I have my own shameless plug. For the Utah Symposium on the Digital Humanities, you guys have probably all heard about this, but it bears repeating because it's going to be a really great, great two days. We have a great keynote by Alan Lu. We have workshop and consultations from Perry Collins, who is a program officer from NEH's Office of Digital Humanities. There will be panel presentations. It's going to be really great and that registration is currently open. If you need more information, just ask me or David Rowe, who is my co-chair. And now let me just, I want to thank our presenters one more time because they did a really great job. I'm going to open the floor up for questions if anyone has any. Should I take this one? So I'm excited about Zotero. I'm going to start teaching a slick and I want to introduce it to the students, but many of them will be needing to use the computers at the school. So I understand you downloaded it to your home computer. I understand how you do it there, but what if you're working on the library's computers? That is a really good question. So there is, like I said, there's the two parts. There's the web-based version. Well, there's really three, but as far as managing your library, there's the web-based and then the application. So if they go in and create a Zotero account and build their library in the web-based version, that they can open anywhere they go. So they could, you know, start building items. Now the problem is you don't have the single-click functionality that you have in the application and the application would live on the computer. Correct me if I'm wrong on this one, but I believe you'd only be able to use the web-based one if they weren't using their own. And since it would be a public computer, they probably wouldn't want to keep their username and password. I don't even think it would let them use their username and password, you know, keeping it in there. So most likely they would just have to use Zotero.org, build their library there, and then they could open it on any of their own devices, you know, if they have an iPhone or a tablet or something, but they wouldn't have the full functionality of having it on their computer. If they do have an iPhone or tablet, it works on that also, and they could do the application there. Just like the, because technically that is their own computer. So it's always easier to do this work on a laptop, but if they have their own tablet or their own iPhone, they can download it there and do that work. It's just a lot smaller. I have a question for Brian. There you are. Can you make WordPress private or can you have a smaller group just using it for the class and not have it public? I have a question for Justin, actually. So if I were teaching a class and wanted to do some kind of map-based program, something to get students started, and they had collected data, maybe they had a spreadsheet of geographic information, what would you suggest for kind of an entry-level geospatial project that students could work on? So the one that I would usually say is the easiest to start with is Google Earth. It's very user-friendly. We have a lot of tutorials available on the library's website. You can check out there. Step up, that's just before you get into the professional ArcGIS platform is ArcGIS Online. It's a little bit more, you know, some features require subscriptions, some don't, so you can actually create a free account with that. And one of the nice features with that is you can upload a spreadsheet like a CSV file. So if you had locations on the map that you wanted to work with, it'll actually geocode those and pop those on the map. So it's a great tool to get started with as well. This question is for Anna. Similar to the first question, it's not entirely clear to me where Omeca lives. Is it an online application? Is it one that you download to your computer? And where did the projects live? Are they stored on your home computer? How would you imagine that working in this type of academic environment? So Omeca can work in a variety of ways. Omeca has a site called Omeca.net, which functions very similarly to WordPress.com, where you can set up your own site on that server. And your files and your project will just live there online with Omeca.net URL. The only problem with that is that they really restrict the file size for the number of files that you can upload to that. So it might work really well for maybe a simple undergraduate project that might not have a ton of images. But then if you are wanting to get into it and host your own site, it's basically software that you would need to have installed on a web server. And there are some web hosts that work with Omeca that can do that. The library's in the middle of kind of a pilot project evaluating Omeca. So I can't make any promises. But there might be some options there in the future. And one of the things that we're looking at is some software that's still in beta called Omeca S, which allows people more easily to manage multiple instances of Omeca. But it's something that right now, if you were sitting on this campus and wanting to get an Omeca site up and running, I think your main options would be commercial web hosting or that Omeca.net site. And the files wouldn't really live under your computer. They'd all be just web published. And also if you have questions about digital humanities tools in general, you know, now would be a good time to ask them. Don't feel like you have to ask a specific question about Omeca or Zotero or Voyant. Another question about Zotero. So if you have a list with, if you have a bibliography, can you upload that and it makes individual entries in Zotero? So does the reverse also work or can you only go from Zotero to a bibliography? That is a great question. That's one I've gotten multiple times. Unfortunately, you can't go in reverse because it has to be structured information. The beauty of Zotero is it's been told, this is an author, this is a title, this is a publisher. And when you have just a free text bibliography, that structured information isn't there. You can actually, by the way, drag and drop from Zotero. Again, it's not even just the plug-in, but you can drag and drop a whole folder and it creates a bibliography. But unfortunately, it has to get the information in a structured form, which it does online, but it can't do from a Word document. I'm still thinking about the web or the home computer. So what happens if the computer drops in the bathtub and you lose your entire Zotero? How do you get it back? And how do you move it when you buy a new laptop? That is such a great question and they do a great job of making sure that doesn't happen. And also there are steps you can take to make sure that doesn't happen. So your library lives, it's cloud-based. So even if you drop your computer in the ocean and nothing works, you'll lose your application. It was there, but your library still lives in the cloud, in Zotero's servers. And there are things that you can do to make yourself feel better and I'll show you really quickly. So as I said, I'm the data librarian. I care very much about data loss. And so something you can do if you have a Zotero library is you go to the preferences, you go to advanced, I think it's advanced, files and folders. And then it says show data directory. That is your Zotero library. That's everything that exists in there. That's all 3,400 of my beautiful metadata records and notes and files and PDFs. Once a month, I back that up on my own Ubox. So just in case, and it's not just your computer crashing, I mean, if Zotero goes out of business tomorrow, I wanna make sure I still have that library. And that's actually a very exportable library. I could pick the whole thing up and move it to EndNote or move it to some other tool tomorrow. I would just do it in a Rift file, which is pretty, it works across multiple platforms. So I think it's never a good idea to be too married to one tool because tools come and go. So always have a backup plan for exporting your data and putting it somewhere else, especially if you've worked really hard on making your own personal library. So you wouldn't have to worry about that. Zotero backs it up, but it's nice to take extra steps also to make sure your data's secure. I had a question for Lizzie regarding R. So for some people, the R studio might look like a pretty intimidating interface because it's got so many boxes and windows and small type. So what is a low barrier entry point for someone interested in playing with R? Is there like a website or some kind of repository of packages that you can use to just start playing around without the fear of breaking your machine? We don't have to be afraid of breaking your machine. Nothing you do on R will hurt your machine or your texts themselves. So if you've got a bunch of text files and you're like, I'm gonna play with them, nothing you do on R will change anything that exists in those files. It all happens within the R space. I just learned by picking up the Jocker's book, our textual analysis in R for students of literature. And he has online, it's a whole package with his texts that he leads you through examples about what to do with I think it's a Moby Dick and an Austin book. So that was a really good step-by-step hand-holding way to start out. And then I also recommend as you're doing that, don't just work on his texts, get a couple of your own. They are actually interested in the questions in with, but do his analyses and use the code he has you type in on your own texts because it will just inherently see more interesting to you. I'm gonna ask a follow-up to David's question. So there's a lot of programming languages out there and I've wondered, should I learn Python? Should I learn R? I mean, if you're interested in digital humanities, would you say R is probably the preferable programming language to learn because it's easy or useful or some other good quality? Let's co-answer this because you know Java, right? And Python? Python? I don't know. Well, how did you choose? Oh, oh. So I actually, I started with R at the same book that Lizzie used and I made it through chapter two. And I got a lot out of it, but it's true. He provides this amazing corpus of Melville texts, right? Moby Dick and I just wasn't, the data actually was not as clean as it could have been too, so I was having problems with that. But I actually learned a little bit of R through DHSI at University of Victoria and what I found super useful and very easy was to use their Stylo package, which allows you to kind of do authorship attribution and it gives you keywords and will print out the kind of collocations that Voyant will do as well. And so that was actually very user-friendly. But I decided to learn Python because of their natural language processing toolkit and the kind of lighter version of that which is called Text Blob. It's really elegant. And so the thing that I found that I was telling to Lizzie before we started is that some of the things that were really hard earned in Python, I can do in Voyant. And but the visualizations that I can do with Python maybe I can't do with Voyant, but the same kind of counting is definitely something that a user-friendly interface like Voyant would do. But for the things that Lizzie does, like topic modeling, I think R or mallet, right, would be your best bet. So I think my understanding of Python is maybe not complete. I thought it was a database language. Is that not true? Well, you can absolutely use that I've used it for. And in fact, I would say that my knowledge of Python is so specific to these textual questions that I don't know Python. I'm not a programmer, but I have become pretty savvy at like recycling other code and making it work for my own purposes. But certainly that's not the only language that you could use to do that kind of text analysis. Yeah, I think I initially chose R just because it did seem so to have so many different functions that you could use. I also, I'm in environmental humanities, so I have had many collaborations with ecologists and biologists and all of them use R to make all their graphs that I and I would see them making these beautiful graphs for these papers. And thinking like, oh, well, I want to do that, but I kind of want to emphasize these other things. So not only was I kind of inspired by that as a, it's sort of just a standard tool, I think, in the sciences. And, but also then I had a community of people who I could ask questions about R when I did run into problems. So that's how I ended up there. Hi, I have a general question for anyone who has maybe used or introduced these web publishing or content management sites in the classroom. I'm thinking about integrating it into some of my own classes, but I've never done it before. So what are the kind of ethical and legal set of protocols around using student work and publishing it to the, this is a really basic question, but like if, so if I have things that are living on Canvas now with the understanding that at some point it might be living elsewhere on the web, do I need to then inform the students if this happens after the class, that the content is going live? Or do I need to, is permission granted like in perpetuity once you agree to do something like this? I don't have so much of an answer to this as the fact that this question came up here in the library within the last couple of weeks and there are a couple of us who are exploring the possibility of Marriott Library leading the way in developing a template for university faculty to present to their students within the syllabus or at the beginning of the semester saying these are projects you're working on, whether it's a solo project or a group project and asking them for a signature of some sort to then deposit these digital objects into the institutional repository and giving informed consent as much as we can inform them as much as we can predict that these objects would then be made publicly available, they could be used for research, they could be used as data, depending on whatever project that they're developing, somebody who finds it in the institutional repository may then eventually be citing that object more to come. Does anyone else have any questions either for our presenters or you just wanna throw out and see if someone has an answer to? Okay, then with that, I think we can leave 10 minutes early and thank you so much for coming today and braving the storm and making it to the library. Thank you. Thank you.