 The integration of renewable energy sources and optimization of energy use are essential components of any sustainable energy transition. The Internet of Things, IoT, offers a variety of applications in the energy sector from improving energy efficiency to increasing the share of renewable energy sources and reducing environmental impacts. This paper surveys the existing literature on the application of IoT in energy systems, focusing specifically on its potential in smart grids. It also examines the enabling technologies of IoT, such as cloud computing and data analysis platforms, as well as the challenges associated with their deployment, such as privacy and security concerns. Finally, it proposes possible solutions to these challenges, such as blockchain technology. This article was authored by Nasir Hossain Modlak, Masa Mohamadrizi, Julian Hunt, and others.