 long-run planning curve 1 long-run average cost curve को हम usualy refer करते हैं this is the long-run planning curve और यह जो long-run planning curve है it is basically comprised of points on a series of short-run average cost curves और यह आपके पास indicate करता है minimum product price at which output can be purchased अजे अगर output के price is यह से कुच कम होगी than क्या होगा आवरीज कोस्त से देन देर is nothing available to purchase और यह में help out करता है to determine the profitability against different size of operations यह जैसे हमने discuss किया क्या when farmer operate under different form sizes ही फेस से different short-run average cost curves अब यह आपके यह जो मेरे पास बले कलर लाईंज हैं बले कलर जोई शेब खर्फ जेए दीजार बसेगली शोट्रन अवरीज कोस्त कर और यह शोट्रन अवरीज कोस्त कर मुझे रिए पोट कर रही है शोट्रन अवरीज कोस्त अगयेंज दिफ्रें form sizes और जो आपके पास red-colored कलरट के लाईन केज्गर मैं यो बाद कर loon केजि दीजार ृची बाद कर दीजार न जो दो न स्पोस इस बाद कर लोग ता देजार शोट्रन अवरीज कोस्त कर यह आपके लेग लाईन करराट कर कर कर चाए Hmm बसब काअ बाभी दानी बाभी न उप्रो सभ जोगर रापखे धनन अब याद याद बभई नहीं दoc, आप एकनबोंगे देखछ़ कर खर्फार। के जो बी प्ाआएट लोग न अव्रिथ कोस्ट करर्फ के जो भी दो बड़े कुलो से प्वशने ब्त है ओं ती लोग अव्रिथ कोस्ट आप ना आप दिए अगर हैं नहीं आप रिज गाच्ज मैद लाही आपश्चानणी आप याफशच अजब आप उश्पक्या आप प्रनी याब आप पबचच आप प्चच आप शो कर रहीन हैं। अगर द्यान्यार्ढाउट आप वीघिखाते हैं, उसा एक बज़ाउट तरईई आप आप वीबघिखाते हैं। अखिय द्यान्यार्ढाउट आप अप प्शाःना पेपMaxon रफा, अगर त्देने किब आप आप घाउचा पीपेच्टी की विबईएं। then it reaches at a minimum point and after that it starts increasing and till you have longer and average cost decreases as long as longer and average cost declines so what is this indicating to me firm is operating, former is operating under economies of scale economies of scale refers to that by doubling the output there is increase in cost by less than double and after OA level of output what is it, former is operating under economies of scale that by doubling output former has to face more than cost more than double and these short and average cost curves and long and average cost curves you can observe something that as long as long and average cost declines these short and average cost are getting treated on decreasing portion as long as long and average cost decreases whatever point is long and average cost curve you are obtaining which are getting treated on decreasing portion of your short and average cost and which point you have long and average cost minimum which we are denoting with OA level of output what is there, that long and average cost and short and average cost both are at minimum point and after OA level of output what is indicating to you as long and average cost start increasing again these points are obtained by these points are obtained on the basis of tangency of the short and average cost curve and here what is short and average cost curve that in this portion short and average cost is increasing so this which we have obtained in increasing portion of long and average cost these are the points that we obtain by joining the points where short and average cost start increasing if I summarize all these then I can say that long and planning curve is also U shaped curve it initially decreases reaches at a minimum point and then what is happening it start increasing this type of the behavior which is usually observed in production that production on firm level that production on the former level usually average long and average cost curve are U shaped curve yes your behavior in agricultural in reference of output this curve will also differ