 Today I'm going to talk about the issue of loss and damage First with the little background then what's happening here in COP24 and then what's going to happen after COP24 So the background is that loss and damage has been something that we the vulnerable countries have Demanded be included in the negotiations and after many many years of demanding it unsuccessfully We were successful five years ago in COP 19 actually here in Poland in Warsaw persuading all the countries to include it as a new Warsaw international mechanism or WIM on loss and damage and Over the last five years. We've had a executive committee set up that has had a work program on different aspects of loss and damage Including slow onset like sea level rise rapid onset like floods and typhoons Looking at insurance and other innovative finance mechanisms Looking at non-economic losses and damages and so a variety of aspects of the issue have been addressed and looked at one of the big ones is displacement of People forced displacement because of climate change and that report that Loss and damage Warsaw international mechanism report is now being prepared and is discussed here But it isn't a decision point in COP 24 the decision point is next year in COP 25 Where the report will be reviewed and the next five years of the Warsaw international mechanism mandate will be given or Possibly even stopped. We hope it won't be stopped. We hope it will continue But that would be a discussion for next year, but the preparations for that discussion are taking place here now informally the second major breakthrough happened at COP 21 in 2015 during the Paris Agreement Where we fought for and finally succeeded in getting a special article called us in damage article 8 of the Paris Agreement That specifically says we need to address loss and damage and also highlighted the need to focus on the enhanced displacement of people that we are seeing all over the world with more and more environmental refugees who are actually becoming climate change As we speak right now and will be much bigger numbers in the future and people realize this and Accept that we have to address this so one of the things that has come out of that process is a task force on migration Climate change related migration which has just reported and we had a decided and discussion on it very informative very good discussion and again that will be something we will be looking at Here in COP 24 So finally what we are hoping for in COP 24 when I say we are talking about the vulnerable countries who are pushing for this Against the developed countries and even some large developing countries is that loss and damage gets recognized In the rulebook for the Paris Agreement. It's the main agenda for COP 24 is agreeing the rulebook What that means is for every item we agreed in Paris. We now have to agree on Measuring it reporting on it and verifying That's called the rule for mitigation for adaptation for loss and damage for Finance for transparency for global stock like every aspect of the Paris Agreement We have an MRV on meeting the measuring reporting verification to be agreed here in Paris That then becomes a rulebook what we are asking for is that on every one of these are the tracks Not just the loss and damage track. We'd like loss and damage to be recognized because it's already happening So when we talk about money, it's not just mitigation and adaptation, but also When we talk about mitigation It's also including what we're doing when we talk about adaptation. It's also So we are trying to embed loss and damage into all the different Tracks of the negotiations here in Paris. We're off to a good start. We've agreed Four of the most vulnerable country groups have come together on this at our Urging the least developed countries group which is leading this the small island states that negotiates as the alliance of small island states They also the Africa group of negotiators a GN and I lack which is the Latin American group So these four groups of vulnerable countries are finding common positions arguing together Trying to persuade the other large developing countries like China and India and the developers So we're halfway through the process here in top 24. We'll see what happens next week