 Greetings dear as parents, welcome to today's current affairs session on civil spidia. Today we will be discussing about the state's startup ranking, about western disturbances and about operation digital board under a problem stopping and regarding the national policy on electronics year 2019 and the expert committee recommendations for fixing the national minimum wage under a main topic. Let's move on to a first problem topic of the day, the state's startup ranking. So you need to know which ministry releases this particular state's startup ranking and what are the pillars of this ranking and something about the 2018 ranking. So as the name indicates, it is the state's startup ranking. So startups are now coming up across different states. So the center needs to evaluate the state's performance towards organizing and orienting this startup. So for this the ranking methodology has come. So the first edition was introduced in the year 2018 by the department of industrial policy and promotion under the ministry of commerce and industries. So the second edition methodology has been launched recently by the ministry. So the second edition has been launched. So by the department of promotion of industry and internal trade. So this name is often interchangeably used with your department of industrial policy and promotion. So this particular ranking aims to rank the states and the union territories for establishing a robust ecosystem for supporting this startups. So it is the ranking methodologies based on some seven pillars and some 30 action points. So let us see in brief about those seven pillars. So it includes ranking based on the institutional support given by the states to these startups and simplifying the regulations using the public procurement incubation support regarding the funding support, your seed funding, your venture capital funding support and also with regards to the awareness and outreach related activities that these states and union territories have taken towards promoting these startups in their particular states. So this is regarding the ranking framework for 2019. And as I already told the ministry is the ministry for commerce and industries. You need to know something about the 2018 ranking framework because for the year 2019 the second edition the calculating period would be till June 2019. So it will be near the prelims exam. So 2019 is not significant but the 2018 ranking is significant because it was released in December 2018. So there have been some categories introduced by the ministry for this ranking these startups. So under best performer, top performers, leaders, aspiring leaders, emerging states and beginners. There are six categories based on which the states have been categorized and ranked. So just have a look at these states. So Gujarat has been the top performer. And this was announced by the department of innocent policy and promotion under the ministry of commerce and industries. So this is all you need to know about this particular topic. Let's move on to our next topic, Western disturbances. So Western disturbances are often in news especially in relation to its occurrence in North India and also in North Western India. So let us try to know what are these Western disturbances. So as the name indicates, so it is coming from the Western side of the Indian country. So from it travels from West towards East. So Western and disturbances in the sense it comes in a disturbed form or in a reduced air pressure when it moves towards India. So this particular Western disturbance is an extra tropical storm that is actually originating in the Mediterranean Sea in the European continent. So with regards to this, you need to know something. So this is the Tropic of Cancer. And this is the horse latitude or the subtropical high pressure belt. Now these pressure belts are caused due to the temperature differences that happen on the land masses in this earth. So when it is summer in the southern hemisphere, so that is a shift of these pressure belts at least 5 degree latitude. So this happens at 32 35 degree latitude, the pressure belts. So there will be a downward shift of 5 degree south latitude. So this will move downwards. Now all these extra tropical storms that originate in the Mediterranean Sea will carry some vapor from a vapor or moisture from the Mediterranean Sea and it will travel across this Black Sea and your Caspian Sea here and it will come to India. So with a 5 degree southward shift, this will come and end towards India. So all these moisture laden clouds will travel towards India and it will dump a huge amount of rainfall. Sometimes it will be associated with thunderstorms as well. So this is behind these western disturbances. So it is an extra tropical storm that generates in the Mediterranean region and travels over these countries, your Iraq country, Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan to enter India loaded with moisture. So this will happen due to the southward shift of these pressure belts. So in India, it mostly happens in the northern region and the northwestern states. So northern states include Jammuankashmir, Himachal Pradesh and your Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, northwestern states are your Rajasthan, Gujarat, etc. And to some extent it will also attack your eastern India and central India. And this generally happens during the winter months from say Jan to April. So you also know these thunderstorms that happen in the eastern India. So partly it is because of these western disturbances as well. So the thunderstorms are called Kalbashaki in West Bengal and by different forms and names in different states. So what are the impacts of these western disturbances? So it will bring mild rain during winter. So this mild rain is very much beneficial for the Rabi crops. Rabi crops are nothing but those crops grown in the winter months in the northern India. So especially your wheat is grown in as a Rabi crop in the northern India. So this rain is very much beneficial for the wheat crop to grow. And snowfall will happen in the western side of the Himalayas. So the Himalayas that faces towards India it will experience snowfall. And you can see a cold wave throughout the region and sometimes there is also rare hail formation. If you see recently there was news that huge hail storm happened around the national capital region in Gurugram and Noida. And this thunderstorm will also be accompanied with hail storm, lightning and strong surface winds during summer. So during summer there won't be much of moisture. So this will actually lead to dust storms and huge thunderstorms. And their speed is very much high that it will travel around 100 to 130 kilometers per hour and it will happen all of a sudden. So there have been some extreme events associated because of these western disturbances. What was once thought that would be beneficial to the farmers is now actually hampering the movement of the people across North and North-Western India. So there are some quite some incidences because of these extreme weather patterns because of these western disturbances. If you see in the year 2010 the cloudburst happened in the Leh Ladakh plateau of the Jammuon-Kashmir state. In 2013 these western disturbances were the reason for the Uttarakhand floods as well. In 2014 excessive rain happened in Jammuon-Kashmir especially Srinagar was almost to be flooded. And the recent news is 2018 where the hail formation happened in the national capital region. And there are also increased incidences of western disturbances. So in the previous years the news is that either 4 or 5 western disturbances would impact North or North-Western India. But now we are seeing the 6th western disturbances that too within a short span of 1 and a half months. So this is all you need to know about western disturbances. So just try to know where they originate from and which portion of India does it actually attacks. So let's move on to our third prelims topic operation digital vote. So regarding this topic you need to know the ministry which actually implements this project and what is the impact area who are the beneficiaries and where it is being implemented and what is the pedagogy model. So pedagogy is nothing but some term related to teaching, theory of teaching. So we will see what the model actually is. So this actually pertains something related to education. So your impact area is education. So to be precise to provide quality education at school level and also at the higher secondary educational level. So the ministry that would implement here is the Ministry of Human Resource and Development nothing but your MHRD. So who are the beneficiaries, your schools, secondary schools, higher secondary schools and also higher education institutions are the major beneficiaries under this particular operation digital vote and where it would be implemented at these higher education institutions and also in the primary secondary and the higher secondary schools. And this particular operation digital vote will follow a flipped pedagogy approach. So we will see what is flipped pedagogy approach. So about this operation digital vote, so since it includes a flipped pedagogy approach that kind of teaching is actually a kind of interactive teaching. So whatever teaching that is happening through the blackboards at present in schools and also in some of the higher education institutions is quite theoretical and a one way form of teaching. So the teacher just transfers the knowledge by writing on the blackboard and the students observe them. So it is now time to popularize this flipped learning as a pedagogical approach in order to improve the quality of education in the country. Hence this operational digital vote has been announced by the government. So it will be introduced all over the country in government and government-aided schools. So if you see schools even the states are a party to this particular project because the state governments administer the state level schools and the some of the central schools would be aided by the center. So from class ninth onwards at the secondary level and also at the higher secondary level and also in the higher education institutions. So what are the objectives of this particular project, the operation digital vote? First and foremost is converting the classroom into a digital classroom and making available all the resources at any time and at any place to the students. So that the students will have 24 cross seven access to these resources in order to enrich their knowledge and provisioning of personalized adaptive learning and intelligent tutoring by exploiting the emerging technologies like your machine learning, artificial intelligence and also your data analytics. So these are the objectives that are being aimed by the government under the operation digital vote. So it follows this pedagogical approach of flip learning. So as I told a conventional classroom will be a one way where the teacher will actually impart the knowledge to the students. But here in the flip classroom the students can have access to the lectures or the resources at their home only. So they'll prepare something about the class that is going to happen tomorrow or in the future in the before hand only. So they'll have some idea about the subject. So they'll come to the classroom and have a practical understanding and discussion about that particular lecture or topic that is to be given by the teacher. And again they'll go back to home and they will again they can have access to these resources so that it is a more or less an interactive kind of teaching. So here even the knowledge level of teachers would also be improved. It's not that they will just keep imparting one way knowledge. Even they have to involve very actively so their knowledge would be enriched as well. So this is the flip learning model. So where it is going to be implemented as I told in the schools secondary schools higher secondary schools and also in the higher education institutions. So for the schools and senior secondary schools at the state level the state government will take care of the budgeting thing which would be aided by the central level as well. And for the central level schools the center would directly aid these center schools. So nearly 1.5 lakh secondary or senior secondary schools will be covered under the scheme in collaboration with the states and the union territories where the schools are present. And with respect to higher education institutions UGC the University Grants Commission will be the implementing agency for this operation digital board in the higher education institutions. So for the two lakh classrooms that is being targeted the cost would be around 2000 crores. So this would be implemented as a central scheme as with funding from HGFA higher education funding agency. So this is all that you need to know about operation digital board. Just remember which ministry is going to implement this. And for higher education institutions UGC is the implementing agency. So just try to have an idea about this and what kind of pedagogical approach that it follows it is the flip learning model. So there are also some other M.H.R.D. initiatives that has been released towards improving the education and the quality of education at school level and also at the higher education level. So if you see a government has released this E.Parchala app where all your book will be available in the E format and also your Deeksha app then your national repository for open education resources then your national program for technology enhanced learning and also your E.P.G. Partsala for the postgraduate courses and also we know that the government as the Ministry of Human Resources and Development has introduced this SWIM portal. So which is a massive online open courses where the students will voluntarily go and acquire an knowledge on a particular topic and also get a certificate for that. So this topic we covered in one of our civil speed up classes and also introducing this YM Prabha DTH channels to relay the education content in the television. So these are some of the M.H.R.D. initiatives that will go along with this operation digital board. So this will enhance and enrich the interactive learning of both the students and also the teachers so that the knowledge is updated and the education that the teachers provide is of a quality manner. So this is all you need to know about operation digital board. Let's move on to our main topic the national policy on electronics for the year 2019. So this will replace the national policy on electronics for the year 2012. So it consolidates the foundations for a competitive Indian electronic system design and manufacturing value change. So this concerns or pertains something about the electronic system design and manufacturing. So this will replace the policy 2012 policy. So this policy envisions positioning India as a global up for this electronic system design and manufacturing. So how it is going to consolidate India as a global up through encouraging and driving capabilities in the country for developing core components including your chipsets and also the government will provide environment for the development of the industry. So it will come up with various schemes. It will come up with various initiatives and also with funding in order to aid these electronic industries in order to make India as a strong global hub for the electronic industries. So what are the impact areas that will be covered under this policy is the main thing that you need to know. So it will lead to development of this electronic system design and manufacturing and it will enable the flow of investment and technology to this EDM sector and it will lead to higher value addition in the domestically manufactured electronic products and it will also lead to increased electronic hardware manufacturing in the country and also their export because right now we are lacking in export. India wants to consolidate this manufacturing India as a manufacturing hub and also to encourage the exports from India to other nations and it will also generate substantial employment opportunities by developing the electronic related industries. So what is the target? The target is to achieve an annual turnover of $400 billion by the year 2025. So what are the production targets? So 1 billion mobile handsets are being targeted to be produced by the year 2025 of which 60% of that targeted 1 billion would be for would be the exports. The remaining would be the imports and those value is around $190. So these are the targets set out under the National Policy for Electronics 2019. So this policy will actually give a roadmap for the government to make improvements in the electronic industry sector. So under this policy, the government will come up with various schemes and initiatives. So that will be very much focused towards the requirements. So this is a kind of a generalistic policy laid out by the government towards improving the electronic sector industry sector. So we need to know what are the silent ph's of this policy so the it was published in the Public Information Bureau and it has jotted down some 10 silent ph's. So let us try to see them in brief. So it aims to create an ecosystem for a globally competitive your electronic design and manufacturing sector and by promoting the domestic manufacturing and export in the entire value chain. So it will start from your production towards sourcing your components and towards till your export which will also include logistics etc. So how it is going to aim that enriching the entire value chain is through providing incentives and support. So the schemes would be formulated accordingly in order to provide incentives and support and it will also provide special package of incentives for mega projects which are extremely high tech because right now whatever we're having is a normal technology. So the government also aims to focus and develop a nurture this high tech electronic products for that governments funding is highly crucial and government will aim towards funding these high tech projects that will have a huge investments especially your semiconductor facilities display fabrication etc. And it will also formulate suitable schemes and incentive mechanisms to encourage your new units and also expansion of the existing units by kind of funding mechanism. So next thing is the policy aims to promote the research and development of these electronic products and electronic industry in India only. So right now majority of the components are and is being done outside India and we are just producing it. But now we need to change this towards improving India as an R&D hub as well in the emerging technologies. So what are the emerging technologies that has been jotted under the policy or 5G. So even the current affairs news is that the 5G has to be introduced by 2020. So the government is aiming to introduce 5G technology by the year 2020. So this will also come under this national policy and internet of things sensors your artificial intelligence or machine learning your virtual reality in the field of drones robotics additive manufacturing phototonics nanobase devices in all these the government aims to come up and do R&D and innovation. And this policy has also laid out a special thrust on certain industries. So on Fabulous chip design industries in medical electronic devices industry automotive electronic industry your power electronics industry and also your strategic electronics industry. So this will be useful for your difference. This will be useful for your renewable energy. So we have our own energy policy and this will be useful for promoting India as an automobile and this will also be useful because the government has come up with the recent Aishman Bharat scheme. So providing these medical electronic devices to all those comprehensive health and wellness centers will actually be a big boost to these electronic industries under this policy and the government also aims to provide incentives towards the skilled development and also reskilling of the employees who are presently working in this electronic industry and as a part of this policy the government also aims to create a sovereign patent fund to promote the development and acquisition of IPs your patents in this particular EDSM sector and to promote trusted electronics values and initiatives in order to improve the national cyber security because national cyber security is also a very burning topic at the present scenario. So this policy for electronics will actually help this national cyber security profile as well. So this is all about the national policy on electronics that you need to know. Let's move on to our next main topic. The expert committee report on determining the methodology for fixing the minimum national wages in India. So you need to know who's the chairman of this particular expert committee that will be helpful for your prelims point of view and which a ministry under this particular fixing national minimum wage comes that will also be helpful for your problems and something about the tripartite bodies. What are tripartite bodies and the guiding principles behind fixing this national minimum wages and what approach does it follow it basically follows an evidence based approach to fix the minimum national wages and what are the recommendations of this particular expert committee. So let's go inside the topic. So this particular fixing national a minimum national wages committee is has been formed under the chairmanship of Dr. Anup Satpati. So he's a fellow under V.V. Giri National Labor Institute and the ministry that deals with this is the Ministry of Labor and Employment. So this particular ministry has constituted an expert committee in the year 2017 January and exactly after two years the committee has come up with its recommendation and it has been put up in this ministry's website. So now it will go for a consultations amongst the stakeholders. So it will be your industries corporates your government state government your central government etc. So the purpose is to review and recommend the methodology for fixing your national minimum wage. So it has been published as I told for the stakeholders comments. So you need to know something about the tripartite bodies. So tripartite tri is three. So it will basically include your government your employer. So the companies employer is nothing but the companies and the employee so they can be represented either individually or through unions. So this is called a tripartite body. So all these are tripartite bodies. So this is a very old tripartite body in India the Indian Labor Conference. We also have the Standing Labor Committee the committee on conventions the industrial committee which are the major tripartite bodies that are working in India. And we also have other bodies of tripartite nature your steering committee on wages your central implementation and evaluation machinery your National Productivity Council your central boards on workers education. So just have a look at this from prelims point of view just to give an idea of what tripartite body is. So because their comments is very much essential because they are the ultimate people who are going to gain at the end by fixing this national minimum wage. So what are the guiding principles based on which this national minimum wage fixation has come up with is the 15th Indian Labor Conference of 1957 and it has also taken the Supreme Court judgment of workmen versus the Reptacos Bretton company case in the year 1992 and also the central advisory board on minimum wages where the central government constituted an expert committee report in order to fix the minimum wages. So this particular fixing me national minimum wage is based on a evidence based approach. So you need to have some evidence that why we are fixing this much particular amount as a minimum national wage. So it is based on the changes in the demographic structure nothing but your population based on the consumption pattern of the people or the working force and what are the nutritional index the food based expenditures and the composition of food basket. So what kind of foods they actually eat and also their non food consumption items. So we'll be seeing in detail what are their food related expenditures and also their non food related expenditures. So now we'll discuss the recommendations of this particular Anup Satpati committee on fixing the national minimum wages. So it has come up with many recommendations. I'll be discussing some seven to eight important recommendations here. So based on these recommendations you can give your critical analysis. You can give your pros and cons of these particular recommendations. So the first recommendation by the committee is that the changes in population composition happens over time. So they this particular committee recommends to increase the previously established three consumption units per family to 3.6 units in order to calculate the minimum wage. It is nothing but in a family initially it was considered only three people will be living in a family. So for that three people the national minimum wages have been fixed. Now the committee recommends to increase this three units per family to 3.6 units per family. So this is recommendation number one and the second recommendation is the national minimum wage should be able to meet a working families minimum required expenditure on both food and also on non food which should be adequate to preserve the efficiency of workers at their job and also the health of the family. So whatever minimum national weights that the government is giving to these or ensuring to these workers should meet the efficiency of the workers in their job and the health of their families at the end. So this is what the recommendation tells. So based on this they have come up with fixing the minimum national wages. So they have discussed at large with regards to the food based expenditure. So this recommendation base is focused on a balanced diet rather than mere calories intake. So initially when the national minimum wages were fixed it was just based on the calories intake. But now they want to focus on a balanced diet because your calories can come from your carbohydrates. It can come from your proteins or it can come from your fats. So initially when it targeted only the calories the calories can also come only from carbohydrate so that your proteins and fats can be left out. Now this committee's recommendation focuses recommend a daily intake of 2,400 calories which would include a minimum 50 gram of protein and minimum 30 gram of fat. If you see for carbohydrate it is 4 calories for proteins it is 4 calories per gram calories per gram and for fat it is 9 calories per gram. So at least recommend a daily intake is 2,400 calories for adult person per day. So this should include at least minimum 50 grams of protein and 30 grams of fats or 270 plus 200. So out of 2,400 at least 470 calories should be sufficed by these proteins and fats is what the committee's recommendations and they have also taken some inputs for calculations. They have told that you cannot keep the inputs at a very stagnant level. So it should be a dynamic input. So it should make utilize make utilize these consumer expenditure survey of the National Sample Survey office and also it should all also accommodate the changes in the prices at least every six months on the basis of the consumer price index which is made available by the central statistical office. So the inputs for deciding the calculation should be a very dynamic one is what the recommendation made by the committee and they have listed non food expenditures as essential non food expenditure and the non essential non food expenditure. So essential non food items are your clothing, fuel and light house rent, education, medical food were transport. So based on this the national minimum wages have been fixed and other essential non essential non food items are your entertainment, durable goods, toilet articles, other household consumables, your consumer services excluding your travel and also your consumer taxes. So based on this the value that has been fixed by the committee is rupees 375 Indian national rupee per day as of July 2018. Now as I already told this committee also recommends that the inputs for calculation should be dynamic. So when they are fixed, they are fixed for July 2018. So the government can also take the dynamic inputs for increasing this minimum national wages. So for a month there would be 26 working days. So this would amount to 9,750 per month irrespective of the sector in which the workforce works irrespective of the skills their occupations and also irrespective of the rural and urban locations. So this national minimum wage will be uniform throughout the country and they have also proposed five regions for fixing different amounts of national minimum wages. So these are the five regions. So this is region one which will include most of an eastern state including your Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh and also your region two is your Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir and Chattisgarh and region three is all your western coastal states and also your southern coastal states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala and region four is only those three states Himasal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and your national capital region of Delhi and region five will be all the north eastern states excluding Assam. So Assam will come under your region one. So why they have given these minimum national wages because the living expenditures might vary in this region more or less it is uniform based on the region. If you see Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, they have a very high cost of living. So it is very much low in the north eastern state. So based on which the national minimum income has been fixed just take a look at the value. So this you will not need just to give your idea in the exam that why region wise classification has been done. You can either give a positive point on this recommendation or also you can give you a negative point or point for improvement on this recommendation and there are also some other recommendations made by the committee. So it has asked for a compensatory rent allowance over and above this national minimum wage at a rate of rupees 55 per day. So per month it will amount to thousand four thirty. So per month already they are recommended national minimum wage of rupees 9750 plus this 9750 plus this rent allowance and this committee recommendations have also told that this national minimum wage will no way have any link with the paying capacity of the employees. So based on which the companies cannot tell they'll pay only the national minimum wages. So based on the worker skills based on the work type the company is liable to pay or wage that is also higher than the national minimum wages and the committee also tells that further research is required to arrive at any productivity link revisions and the recommendations have also called for creation of a research unit in the ministry of labor and employment towards working this national minimum wages since the committee has recommended that the inputs for calculating the national minimum wage should be a dynamic one for this huge amount of research and development is required right now. The data is very much scattered. So research unit will help towards addressing these problems and the government the committee has also asked for also recommended to have a minimum wage campaign in order to increase the awareness of all those labors in order to know about their national minimum wages. So these are the recommendations made by the Anup Satpati committee on fixing the national minimum wages in India with this we are winding up our today's topic. Please do like comment and share the video and please subscribe to Shankar IS Academy channel for latest videos and updates stay focused and motivated friends. Thank you.