 Good evening aspirants. We would like to inform you that on 14th of January 2021 Shankar IAS Academy launches a free online initiative in YouTube for the benefit of civil service aspirants. We are launching a program on international relations wherein we will post one class a week as a weekly capsule. These classes will be explained by former Indian Foreign Service Officer Sri T.P. Srinivasan. He is a former ambassador of India and a former permanent representative of India to the United Nations Vienna. He has served in the Indian Foreign Service for 37 years. Given his experience and knowledge, this foreign policy initiative will be helpful for the aspirants for their preparation and understanding in international relations. Especially, this will be beneficial for UPSC civil service mains examination and interview. Capsule 1 of the series will be published at 5pm on 14th January 2021 on the Shankar IAS Academy YouTube channel. We suggest the viewers and aspirants to utilize this unique opportunity. One more announcement. On 16th January 2021, we will publish an orientation class for the preparation of Indian polity up to fundamental duties. This video will be published on the Shankar IAS Academy YouTube channel. The orientation will be provided by Sri Sathya Paul who is a renowned faculty of Shankar IAS Academy in Indian polity. The session will cover the necessary guidance for test one of pre-storming 2021 which is the prelims test series for the upcoming prelims. After attending the orientation, interested aspirants may take the first test of pre-storming 2021 which covers the polity syllabus up to fundamental duties. Now let us proceed to our daily news analysis. The list of news along with the page number is given here for your reference. Now let us move on to the article, dialogues for democracy lessons from Rajasthan. See, you should know that articles like these help you write better answers in the governance part in GS2. So keeping this in mind, let us now see about this article. This news article from the editorial page is with reference to good governance and how dialogues and deliberations lead to better governance in a democracy. First, we'll see how this is done using the example of Rajasthan. Here you can use Rajasthan as a good case study for your GS2 answers and you can use this even for GS4 ethics part. So let us start with this Rajasthan example. We'll see how the implementation of MGNREGA has worked in Rajasthan. As you know, this Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act is an Indian labor law and social security measure that aims to guarantee right to work. As you know, it guarantees livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every household. What they are doing is they have this healthy tradition of consulting with worker groups and civil society organizations, not only in the initial stage of policy formulation, but also they take continuous feedback from the field and carry out periodic midway course corrections. In the case of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, what they do is they also engage with civil society organizations and what they have done is they have institutionalized this process. And one more important thing is these meetings, that is, this MGNREGA summits are even attended by the Chief Minister of Rajasthan. So this shows that the kind of importance that they are giving to this scheme. So currently what is happening right now is MGNREGA wages are directly credited from the central government to a worker's bank account. So previously what used to happen is they used to hand money to the workers through other channels. But what the government has now done is to reduce delay and corruption. As you know, they have come up with a system called direct benefit transfer system. In this what they'll do, they'll directly credit money into workers accounts. But if you see it from a layman perspective, it will look as a good option. But on the ground, there are some problems. Now let us see what these problems are. The first problem is there is over reliance on technical architecture. So when there is over reliance on the technical architecture, what happens? There are a lot of problems. So because of this over reliance on this technical aspects, things can go wrong. And what happens? Ultimately, the burden is on the worker. He has to run pillar to post knocking on the doors of various government officials, banks, panchayat officials, etc. Here you should know the major problem is payment rejections. To give you an example, payment rejections are like bonds check. They occur when the government initiates the payment, but the money does not get credited due to technical issues. There are numerous reasons for rejections like this. They may vary from block level data entry operators making errors in entering the account or other details of workers or banks considering the worker's account as dormant when the accounts were not used for some time. This is one type of problem. The other problem is when software that they use do not work properly. For example, when there is problem with other linkage, when there is problem with national payment cooperation of India. And you know, sometimes when these payments are rejected, reasons are not even given leading to more uncertainty. You see from the administration perspective, it becomes very difficult to investigate each payment and understand the reasons for rejection and resolve it. To resolve this payment rejection problem, you see what the government of Rajasthan has done is it has held numerous discussions. These have resulted in a workshop involving worker groups, civil society organizations. What they do is they directly interact with agribed workers, administrative officers, right from the village level to the state level. And they interact even with the bankers to know where the problem is. And if there is any problem, it is resolved at this stage itself. So as the dialogues kept evolving, detailed guidelines were issued with well defined responsibility, clear timelines, proper monitoring was done and even what are the protocols that should be followed by the officials, all these were laid out properly. So what this has done, this has resulted in a significant reduction in payment rejections in Rajasthan. In a period of one year from which these workshops were held, the Rajasthan government was able to clear rupees 380 crore worth of payment to workers that were earlier stuck due to rejections. Currently, only 2.7% payments are yet to be paid by the state government. So the goal is to ensure that every person who has worked gets their full payment on time. So the open communication channels and eagerness to work with worker groups and a keen year to the ground have benefited thousands of MG and Arega workers in Rajasthan. So as you know, the right to information act that had its origins in the people movement in Rajasthan mandated proactive disclosure of information. However, as you know, a lot of programs that the government implements has a lot of problems with regard to information that they give and a lot of these programs are inaccessible and when they are accessible, they are not properly defined. So to overcome this, what the Rajasthan government has done is, it has launched a program called Jens Uchna Portal in 2019. So let us see about this Jens Uchna Portal. It is a single platform in the public domain providing information across 60 departments of over 104 schemes that design and formats of each scheme have been arrived carefully through a digital dialogue involving government officials and numerous civil society organizations. While there is still a long way to go, the ongoing consultative experiences in Rajasthan do offer hope. So with involving civil society and worker groups in policy planning and policy implementation, Rajasthan government has been at the forefront in solving numerous issues with regard to governance. So now we must be wondering why the government is talking about Mandregarh right now. The author is talking about it right now is because of the issue of farmers protest on farm laws. It has been 45 days since lakhs of farmers have gathered in Delhi protesting the farm laws. Now let us leave aside the merits and demerits of the laws. Many are aggrieved about the process, why they are aggrieved because there was lack of consultation with farmer groups. So this is your problem. Any law you take there will be merits and demerits but what they are telling is there was lack of any consultation with the farmer groups. So very often you should know that policy makers ignore the need for dialogue and deliberation with beneficiaries. So what the author is trying to tell is consultations are needed during the initial stages of law and also during the implementation to carry out proper fulfillment of the program. So the author tells even when policies are formulated in good principle their implementation becomes messy. So for course correction what you need is you must have regular dialogue with people who are on field or for people for whom the policy is intended. In this context the author reminds us about a quote which was said by American civil rights activist Jesse Jackson. The quote is deliberation and debate is the way you stood the soul of a democracy. So the author is trying to tell that federalism and good governance require constant constructive engagement between people and officials. If a government is committed to constitutional principles then paying attention to multiple points of view and listening to the voice of the marginalized becomes prerequisite. So the author quotes this Rajasthan's example because he feels the way out of this formula crisis can be resolved through following this Rajasthan's example. Hence he has rightly titled the article as dialogues for democracy lessons from Rajasthan. Now let us move on to the next topic reframing India's foreign policy priorities. This article was written by M.K. Narayanan a former national security advisor who was also the former governor of West Bengal. In this editorial article he talks about the ongoing geopolitics of the world and what changes we can expect in 2021. He also talks about India's foreign policy with respect to its neighbors and where are we going wrong. He has talked about all these things in this article. Now let us discuss the editorial in detail. The syllabus with regard to this article is highlighted here for your reference. We all know that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused huge destruction of economy worldwide. The world is also facing many confusions with respect to geopolitics. And here the author mentions some events in the international arena which can be seen as the driver of the current tensions in the global order. First let us see what is happening with regard to China. We all know that China is growing as a dominant power in the world especially in the Asia Pacific region. We know how aggressive China is becoming in the last three to four years. Chinese aggression is being reflected in almost all parts of Asia and Pacific in many forms. Let us take some examples. We already know about the ongoing India-China border tensions but Chinese army is excessively causing military infiltrations in India. Another example would be the Doklam issue. And as you all know, there is extreme Chinese aggression in the South China Sea. What does this show? This shows how aggressive China is getting each year. We also keep hearing about Chinese heavy-handedness with respect to the Hong Kong protesters and what China is doing to the people of Aigur region. In this regard, let us see what India and many aspiring nations are trying to do. What India has done? India along with many aspiring nations made efforts to isolate China. But that did not find any best outcome. This is because the world knows about China's economic and political power. China's extensive economic policies worldwide are attracting most of the countries to partner with China. For example, here the author mentions how Europe, which was a historical friend of the United States, has now turned its back on the US and revived its friendship with China. The negotiations for a European Union-China comprehensive agreement on investment can be taken as an example to prove this shift. And according to the author, this is an indication that Europe values its economy more than its politics. China is also strengthening its military coordination with Russia, which is one of the historical allies of India. Here, the author mentions that China is the only major country which had a positive rate of growth at the end of 2020 and its economy is poised to grow even faster in the year 2021. So, due to all these reasons, developed and developing nations around the world are not wishing to make China their enemy. And this has shattered the hope that China would remain isolated in 2021. Now, the author talks about major challenges that are likely to occur in Eurasia and West Asia this year. Russia's engagement with China and its alliance with Turkey are signaling reduced interest in countries such as India. In West Asia, the Abraham Accords is leading to a re-alignment of forces in the Arab world. Here, you should know that Abraham Accord is the first Arab-Israeli peace deal in 26 years, and it is a treaty between Israel, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain. This treaty was mediated by the United States. And this normalization deal demonstrates the changing perception of Arab and Gulf countries with regard to the Palestinian issue. In addition, the new political, economic and even military cooperation between Israel and United Arab Emirates raises concern among several regional actors, including Turkey. The landmark deal between Israel and United Arab Emirates was not welcomed and was harshly criticized by Turkey. Also, another major player in the West Asian region, that is Iran, fiercely opposed the U.S.-Israel relation and the U.S. recognition to the existence of Israel. All this show growing hostility between Israel and Iran. And the author feels this is a serious problem for India as both Iran and Israel have cordial relations with us. And here too, China is playing a major role. For example, it had signed a 24-year strategic cooperation agreement with Iran. Now, the author talks about India's relations with nations around the world. In this regard, he talks India has failed to make an impact in its foreign policy. First, he tells that we cannot expect the Sino-Indian relations to be stable in the current scenario. And the confrontation between India and Chinese armed forces is expected to continue. Second, India's relations with Pakistan, as you all know, is deteriorating continuously. This is seen as an opportunity by China to shake hands with Pakistan. We all know about China-Pakistan economic corridor, which passes through Indian territory. And as you all know, India is severely opposed to this, as India claims this violates India's territorial integrity. Now, let us see how relations with Nepal are. As you all know, relations with Nepal continue to be strained. Nepal had issued a new map showing Indian territory in Nepal. And the map which was issued, despite protests by India, was later legitimized unanimously by Nepal's parliament by including it in the national emblem. The new map, that is, the new Nepal map shows the Kalapani area, along with Limpia Dura, and the strategically located Lipulek Pass in Uttarakhand as belonging to Nepal. So here you kindly see what Lipulek passes and which Indian state comes here and how it is getting connected to Nepal. This can be asked as a prelims question. Fourth, the author notes that even though India had made efforts to improve relations with Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka, no worthwhile results are seen up to date. Fifth, with respect to Central Asia, India has been marginalized as far as the peace process of Afghanistan is concerned. As you all know, India was not invited for the negotiations with respect to the Afghanistan and Taliban deal. The author also notes that India gives excessive importance to the policy needs and pressures of nations such as the United States. Can you recollect what are the pressures? That is, India was buying crude oil from Iran, and India was supposed to buy S-400 Triumph from Russia. But what we have done is we have put all these plans on hold keeping the United States in mind. And the author feels we do not properly engage with neighbors such as Bangladesh. What is her problem with Bangladesh? The problem is with regard to the Teesta water sharing agreement. And we also do not engage properly with longtime friends such as Vietnam and Iran. And the author feels today India-Iran relations lack enthusiasm. And what this has resulted in? The author feels this has resulted in India's isolation from the world. So far, the author was talking about bilateral relationships. Now let us see what he feels about multilateral initiatives. He also talks about India's isolation from regional and international organizations. For example, the non-aligned movement and the SARC, which are two organizations for which India was a founding member. But these two organizations couldn't be used in India's favor. enmity between India and Pakistan has made SARC to be virtually dead. And this has led India to move towards a newer institution called BIMSTEC, that is the way of Bengal initiative for multi-sectoral, technical, and economic cooperation. But again, due to strained relations with neighbors, this couldn't see any success. We also know that India has opted out of regional comprehensive economic partnership in which a majority of Asian countries are members. We also fail to take advantage of RIC grouping, that is Russia-India-China grouping. India should have made use of this grouping because the relations with China and Russia has already deteriorated. So what India should have done, it should have taken a lead with regard to this RIC grouping and it should have ensured that relationships are fine. But the author feels India is not using this grouping also properly. Now the author feels all these issues are due to lack of effective and efficient foreign policy. In this regard, he tells that India's foreign policy suffers from an ideational vacuum. What does he mean by ideational vacuum? He tells Indian policy makers, that is Indian foreign policy makers lack firm ideas. So now the author prescribes that India's foreign policy objectives should be strengthened to widen its sphere of influence, it should enhance its role across nations, and it should also make its presence felt as an emerging power in an increasingly disruptive global system. And he feels these should be done with serious efforts since India will serve as the president of the UN Security Council for the month of August 2021. So the author tells India should use this as a leeway and try to change its relations with neighbors and other countries. This is all about this article. Now let us have a look at the next article, a step back in gender equality. This article is with reference to a poll promise which was made recently by movie actor turned politician Kamal Hassan. He promised that women will be paid for doing domestic and care work. The question is, is the electoral promise of paying women for carrying out domestic work and care work a progressive public policy? So you see articles like this will help you better answer SA questions. For example, recently this year we had a question on patriarchy and also it will help you in GS1 questions. Now let us look at the article again. On the face of it, it looks like a progressive idea that is paying women for domestic idea. On the face of it, it looks like a progressive idea but a closer scrutiny suggests a different picture. This is because in India there is presence of disproportionate burden of work. Women bear a disproportionately high burden of unpaid domestic work and care work in India. What is care work? They care for the elderly in the family and they care for the children in the family. This is called care work. The all India time use survey says that in the age group of 6 years and above 82% of females as against 24% of males from Tamil Nadu participate in unpaid domestic work. The huge disparity persists even if you look at the age group between 15 to 59 years. Here 90% females and 24% of males participate in domestic work. A similar disparity prevails at the all India level as well. That is 81% of females 6 years and above and 26% of males participate in unpaid domestic work. Note down this data. This is very important to write GS answers and you should code all this data in SA answers as well. There is an equally huge disparity in average time spent by participating males and females. While females 6 years and above in Tamil Nadu spend on average 261 minutes a day in unpaid domestic work, males spend only 91 minutes. The corresponding figures for females and males in India are 299 minutes and 97 minutes respectively. The data suggests that females bear more than 83% of the burden of domestic and care work both in Tamil Nadu and in India. So can the proposed policy address the huge burden that women are forced to enter daily or let us put it this way. What should a progressive policy proposal aim at? Paying women a wage for domestic and care work or addressing the huge gender disparity when it comes to unpaid domestic work. Feminist economist Diane Elson opined that public policy should aim at closing the huge gender gap in unpaid domestic and care work through recognition, reduction and redistribution that is triple R method. Kamal Hassan's proposal only satisfies the first component of the triple R that is recognition. Paying a wage is a formal recognition of the fact that unpaid domestic and care work is no less important than paid market work. The proposal appears progressive for this reason and to that measure. But it fails in other two aspects. Does paying women a wage for their domestic work reduce their disproportionately huge daily burden? No, not at all. The proposal not only fails miserably in this aspect but also has the potential to increase women's burden. This is because when men pay monetary benefits to women, it formally endorses the social norm that domestic work is women's work. So men will feel that women should do this work and for this we will pay them. So this proposal of giving monetary benefit for domestic work has the risk of furthering the gender disparity in unpaid work within homes. Not just that, it also fails in other crucial aspect of redistribution of burden of unpaid work. In fact, it might give space to men to claim that women are bound to do this unpaid activities as now they are being compensated for the time spent or income foregone and that women can at best expect men only to help but not participate daily in carrying out these activities. Instead of incentivizing men to participate more in household work and reducing women's burden by redistributing the responsibility, the current proposal might only end up doing the opposite. Therefore, we can say that the electoral promise lacks the transformative potential of achieving gender equality in sharing unpaid work. This is all about this article. Now let us move on to the next article. This editorial article talks about international relations between Saudi Arabia and Qatar and how Saudi Arabia is rebuilding its ties with Qatar. In the recently held Gulf Reconciliation Summit, Saudi Arabia and its allies decided to put an end to the blockade with Qatar. This initiative has brought an end to their long-held enmity. Now let us see what the problem was. As we know, way back in 2017, Saudi Arabia along with United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt imposed an economic blockade and they also ended their diplomatic ties with Qatar. Why did they do this? They accused Qatar of supporting terrorism and also these countries issued around 13 demands to Qatar in order to bring an end to the Gulf crisis. However, Qatar did not respond to these demands and these countries even went to the extent of asking Qatar to shut down Al Jazeera. As you all know, Al Jazeera is an international news channel which is owned by Qatar itself. Now let us see what were the other demands of these countries. The next demand that these countries put on Qatar was they asked Qatar to close down the Turkish military base which was present in Qatar. And they also asked Qatar to cut down its diplomatic relations with Iran. But what did Qatar do? It responded in an entirely different manner. In fact, it just did opposite to whatever these countries asked. First thing, it enhanced its relation with Iran and when Saudi Arabia and Emirates airspace was closed, what they did? They went and asked Iran for it and Iran was more than happy to give it air and sea space. And with regard to Al Jazeera, as you all know, Al Jazeera is still alive and it is going well. Similarly, with respect to Saudi Arabia's demand to close the Turkish military base, what did Qatar do? It invited more Turkish troops and this resulted in strengthening of its ties with Ankara. So right now you should know that Qatar is eager to play a bigger role in West Asia and as you all know, it played an important role in the US-Taliban deal. Also, it continues to host talks between Taliban representatives and the Afghan government. However, in spite of doing all this, Qatar on its part made few concessions in order to reach a reconciliation. So what it did? It told we cannot do all these 13 demands. What we will do? We will all agree on one thing. We will agree on non-intervention in the internal affairs of other countries and in cooperation amongst them to ensure stability and security at a regional level. This is all that Qatar agreed to do. Following the summit, Qatar had clearly stated that it is not willing to alter its relation with Iran and Turkey. So what Saudi Arabia did? It took the initiative of stepping down from its earlier demand and made peace with Qatar. However, the action of Saudi Arabia is presumed to be the result of a tactical thinking. Why are they doing this? Because Saudi Arabia feels that the rift within the Gulf countries and the blockade on Qatar only helped Iran and Turkey. How it helped Iran? See, as you know, because of the US sanction on Iran, Iran was facing a lot of problems, both economically and politically. It got some financial relief from Qatar for letting Qatar use its airspace. But with Saudi Arabia lifting the air and sea blockade imposed over Qatar, the situation may lead to the denial of those funds to Iran. Also, this can be viewed as a measure or an attempt to put up a united Arab regional front during the renegotiation of Iran nuclear deal as President-elect Biden gears up for talk on this issue. As you all know, Biden's election manifesto was, he told that if he gets reelected, he will start renegotiations on the Iran nuclear deal. But what these Arab countries want, that is, what Saudi Arabia and UAE want? They want the US to have a strong nuclear deal against Iran. So Saudi Arabia is doing this because they think if they do this, America will put a much stronger nuclear deal on Iran. So with all this economic blockade and crisis in the region, what conclusion can we come to? We can tell that the measure of Saudi Arabia caused an unnecessary crisis. This was due to an improper strategy by both Saudi Arabia and Emirates. What they are doing? They are always coercing small countries into submission. So the editor of the article feels this is an unnecessary and unwanted strategy by these two big countries. However, one lesson that these countries can learn from the Qatar lesson is these countries should learn from their mistake and develop ties based on mutual interest and cooperation and not pay merely threatening or coercing smaller countries. So with this, this article comes to an end. Now let us analyze the last news article for the day. This article is with reference to a research done at the Indian Institute of Technology, Medras. The researchers have found that the process of virus-laden droplets being transported deep into the lung increases with decreasing breathing frequency. The study was conducted to pave the way for developing better therapies and drugs for respiratory infections. And these findings were published in the peer-reviewed journal Physics of Fluids. For the study, the researchers modeled breathing frequencies in the laboratory. They imitated the droplet dynamics in the lung by studying the movement of droplets in the small capillaries which were of a diameter similar to bronchioles. As you know, bronchioles are air passages inside the lungs that branch off like three limbs from the bronchi. That is the two main air passages into which air flows from the trachea after being inhaled through the nose or mouth. The bronchioles deliver air to tiny sags called alveoli where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. As you know, capillaries are very tiny blood cells. They help to connect your arteries and veins in addition to facilitating the exchange of certain elements between your blood and tissues. And with this experimentation, the researchers have found how particles are being transported and how it is getting deposited deep inside the lungs. Now let us see the findings of this report. First, it tells that holding the breath and having a low breathing rate could increase the chance of virus deposition in the lungs. This is because low breathing frequency increases the time of residence of the virus. That is, it increases the time of how long the virus stays inside the lung. And therefore, this increases the chances of deposition and consequently, it infects your lungs. Secondly, they found that the deposition is inversely proportional to the aspect ratio of capillaries. This suggests that droplets are likely to deposit in longer bronchioles. They also studied how the Reynolds number, a parameter that quantifies the nature of flow, that is, if the flow is steady or turbulent, determines the deposition in the capillaries. And in this regard, they found that when the flow of aerosol movement is steady, then the particles deposit through the process of diffusion. Diffusion means movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to that of low concentration. However, if this flow is turbulent, then the particles deposit via impaction. This means a rapid change in air direction. It is also to be noted that in an earlier work, the same team had highlighted a significant variability in aerosol uptake among individuals. This explains why some people are more susceptible to airborne diseases and some are not. This is because different individuals are likely to have differing lung dimensions associated with bronchioles. So, based on this, their inherent production is likely to be different. With this, we come to an end to the daily Hindi news analysis. Let us now move on to practice questions for today's the Hindi news analysis. So, when it comes to preparing for international organizations, we have a lot of previous year questions. So, we will see it. So, we will get an idea on how to prepare on these topics. In 2016, UPSC asked a question which reads, which of the following is not a member of the Gulf Cooperation Council? Option A, Iran. Option B, Saudi Arabia. Option C, Oman. Option D, Kuwait. As you can see, Iran is the odd man out here. So, the answer is Iran. Iran is not a member of Gulf Cooperation Council. The next question about geographical location of certain countries, let us have a look at it. Which of the following countries is not a part of the Persian Gulf region? Option A, Bahrain. Option B, Qatar. Option C, Oman. Option D, UAE. The right answer is Option C, Oman. Let us now move on to the next question. With reference to a recent study called respiratory aerosol transport in phantom lung bronchioles whose reports were published in newspapers, consider the following statements. The first statement reads, high breathing rate could increase the chances of virus deposition in the lungs. The second statement reads, holding the breath could decrease the chances of virus deposition in the lungs. Which of the above statements is or are correct? The right answer is neither one nor two. As we have seen in our discussion, the study found that holding the breath and having low breathing rate could increase the chance of virus deposition in the lungs. This is because low breathing frequency increases the time of residence of the virus and therefore it increases the time of residence of the virus and therefore it increases the chances of deposition and consequently the infection. So the answer is Option D. Now let us move on to the next question. Deliberation and debate is the way you stir the soul of a democracy elaborate. This is a 10 marker. So give 10 points, give a proper introduction, body and then give a proper conclusion. This will fit you good marks. Now let us move on to the next question. This year 2020 is welcomed with a major change in the geopolitics of the world. In this regard, India's foreign policy faces new challenges, some of its own making and others from the turbulence generated by the changing global order. Comment. So as you can see, this is a 15 marker. Give 15 points and write the answer with a proper body. Now let us move on to the next question. The question reads, Does paying women for carrying out domestic work and care work a progressive public policy examined? So as you can see, questions like these are very very important and this question can be asked in GS2 society part. So what you do is, you try to generate as many points as possible. You write this as a 15 marker. Generate as many points as possible. With this, we come to the end of today's the Hindu news analysis. You can write the answers for these main questions and post it in the comment section. If you appreciate our work, you can like, you can comment and you can share it among your friends. And please don't forget to subscribe to our channel, The Shankar IS Academy. Thank you.