 So history option, as you all know, you don't need to take the book as such, never just listen. History option is one of the options of UPSA exam like any other subject and this is one of the best options. And anyway, this year, first triangle was from history option. My student got the 72nd triangle also. 72nd triangle is the topper this time and this time I had only one result. And because only three wrote the means. So one result will only know that it's not my mistake. Only three students cleared the problems and they wrote the means out of that only one cleared this time. Then first let me explain the subject and what's there in this UPSA plan. You know our history option consists of two papers. Paper one and the paper two. This paper one is for 250 marks and the paper two is also for 250 marks. And the paper one includes ancient India and medieval India and paper two, modern India and world history. World history means it's a modern world history. That is from 1750 onwards. You don't need to study the ancient or the medieval world history. We will be studying only the modern world history. So this is the plan of our subject. Ancient India, medieval India in the paper one and the paper two modern India and world history. So 250 marks, two papers. Then ancient India, medieval India, modern India, world history. So we will be completing the sessions maximum in three months. Okay. Maximum three months. Sorry. Minimum three months we will finish it. Maximum maybe one more month. Okay. Four months. So if we start in this July, August, September, October. August, September, October and by the beginning of November or by 15th November, we will finish the sessions. And anyway, for the last two years, the classes were in online. But now we are back with the offline. So ancient India, medieval India, modern India, world history. Then next thing I will say the subject, how the subject is. The biggest problem that every history student hears from others is that this is a vast subject and it will never finish. Okay. So my point is that history syllabus is not actually vast. It's not actually was and it is actually one of the smaller subjects. For example, I will say in this valley civilization. You all studied that in the class in this valley civilization. See UPSC syllabus, the lengthiest one in the, if we measure the syllabus with a scale, this is the lengthiest syllabus. Okay. Five full pages are there. History options syllabus print out if you take five full pages will be there. Some options can be finished in just one page. But that's a misnomer. I will explain that. Had the UPSC just mentioned in this valley civilization, it would have been over. But UPSC explained the history syllabus, origin, date, main features like urbanism and all. Then art, religion, decline, continuity. So they explain what it is. So UPSC made it easy that what do you have to study from the topics. Indus Valley civilization. Had UPSC just mentioned Indus Valley civilization, Vedic age, post Moria, Mahajanapada like that only. This syllabus would have been finished in one page. But UPSC explained. This is the well explained syllabus and there is not even a single question asked outside the terms mentioned in the syllabus. This is not even a single question asked outside the terms mentioned in the syllabus. Only the questions are asked from what is mentioned. At the same point, I am taking one option Malayalam Literation. See, I am not against any option. But for your understanding, I have to do this. There is one topic called Khasak in the Ithihasam. If they book, Khasak in the Ithihasam. Then the word is Silvasudu. Okay, the syllabus is over in two terms. Khasak in the Ithihasam. But the time you have to read that entire book and analyze all the things, they will finish the history option. That's the difference. So this is well explained. Malayalam Literature got around 20 books like this. I wrote the book of Aayush in Australia. See, people are doing that, people are getting marks. I am not saying that Malayalam is bad. But it takes more time because I had both the options. See, I wrote my first, second main with the two options. 2008 and 2009. History and Malayalam Literature, History and Malayalam Literature. So I know how it was a painting task to study all the Malayalam also. So it is like that. In certain other subjects, just there is a term, political thinkers and thought. Okay, just three words. But the syllabus is not over. You have to start from plateau, Aristotle, Socrates, Chanakya, Machiavelli, two marks, two modern thinkers. Some 20 thinkers, their thought and the theory. It will again take half of the time to finish the textbooks. So history is not that vast. Okay, and already you are in my class, you know that the classes. So we know what to teach. See, as I said today Vijayanagara, someone was saying, I can teach Vijayanagara for 10 days. Taking each and every king, what he did, what he did, what he did, we can take one king one day. But that's not required. So that's why we are the faculties here, we are experienced in that what to teach and what not to teach. So history option is not vast. Then next one, our subject plan. See, this is how the questions are asked. See, paper one, how the questions are, we have one, two, three, four, and paper two, five, six, seven, eight. Total, we have eight questions. When I was preparing for the first time in 2008 and 2009, it was little tricky. This exam pattern was. First question was a map. Then a 60 marker, another 60 marker, another 60 marker, map for 60, here another 60 marker, another 60 marker, another 60 marker, another 60 marker, another 60 marker. At that time, paper was for 300 marks. Okay, you have to write five questions. You have to write five questions. See, this option gives you choice. There is no need to cover entire syllabus. I will cover the, cover in the class. For you, you can focus on important areas. See, how the question, even today, also, it's like this. Question number one, map is compulsory. Question number five is also compulsory. That is from section, paper one is ancient India, paper two is medieval India. First and the fifth questions are compulsory, that you should attend. Map question and another one from medieval India, you should attend. Then you have to choose one more from each section. One more from each section. Any of these three, you can choose one. Say, we are choosing three. You choose one more here, eight. So, now total four questions. From remaining four questions, you have to choose any one. That means two compulsory questions and two questions you have to identify from section A and section B. And any one of the question, according to your choice, let it be this one. So, eight questions are there. Only five questions you have to deal with. So, in case of ancient India, how, when I was preparing what I did, ancient India, we had 12 modules. Medieval India also 12 modules. First module, sources of India, then the prehistory of India, Indus Valley, Verikeesh, Mahajanapadas and Maurias. That's the first six. What I used to do is that I will study only that six modules. I will study only that six modules at that time, six only, because one question is always assured from that six. So, what I used to do was that I will do the map which is compulsory and I will write one more question from ancient India by studying only 50%. Medieval India, I will study little more. I will study almost all the 12 modules and I use right from this three questions from this section. So, we can plan accordingly. That's according to your choice. If you feel ancient India more, you can focus three questions in ancient India. If you focus more in medieval India, you can focus more there. Likewise, the same in world history and modern India. But the problem was that at that time, assume that you are not in a position to write one question. Assume that you wrote four questions and the fifth question you don't know. That's the end of your chance because you lose a 60 mark question and you are losing minimum 30 marks. Because maximum marks at that time is getting 300 out of 300. 150, 160 is the maximum mark. You know that every subject. You PSE the winners percentage, not even 50 percentage. You PSE won't give 50% mark to any question. Very rarely they give. So, at that time, if you don't write one question for any of the people of that option, that 30 mark is gone and your chances for clearing the mains and interview is reduced. So, that was a threat at that time. And not only that, one question you have right for 60 mark, that means 600 words on one topic. So, that means you have to study a topic in much depth. You have to study too much. Otherwise, you won't write 600 words. But now, from 2013, the pattern changed and that is greatly advantageous for history. So, this is the old plan. Now, I will explain the present plan. Present plan, you know, now the paper is for 250 marks. Now, how this happens is that I will write it again. Paper 1, paper 2. Question 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Now, the question is divided like this. First one is a map question. Then, this is divided into 2 a, b and c, 3 a, b and c, 4 a, b and c with a marking. 15, 15, 20, or in the paper 2, 20, 20 and 10. This is how the markings keep. One question is 1 a, b and c. If you are attending one, you should attend all the three in that. You cannot take 1 a, 2 b and 3 c like that. 1 a, b and c. Like that here, it is divided into a, b, c, d, e. 10 marker, 5 questions. And the remaining, a, b, c, a, b, c, a, b, c. And advantage is that. Now, you just have to cover the topic in a minimum way because you are maximum writing only a 200-word answer. So, assume that you are studying Tweet India movement. You will have some idea about Tweet India movement. Even if the question comes in a very twisted manner also, 20 marker question, you will be in a position to write something about Tweet India. 20 marks, 8 marks is assured. Earlier 60 marks only 30 marks was given. Now, what is happening is see, for example, you can write 20 marker very good. You will get 12 marks, 12 marks and if it is again good, you will get how much? 30 marks out of 50. This is a very good mark. 60 percentage. 60 percentage, no one gets in the option. Okay, very rarely the people will get it. Even if it goes like a 10, 10 and 5 also, you are assured of 25 out of 50. Not bad. So, the point is that now you have a very easy way to prepare syllabus is that what all we are studying all the topics just prepare a not minimum for 200 words. Just prepare a not for 200 words for each and every topic of our optional syllabus. You will be in a position to write and not only that, we have choices that need only 5 questions. So, now you will get more marks. That is another thing. Then materials. See, there is no need to study too many books. Okay, no need to study too many books for our UPSC preparation. I will just show you the books from the Amazon so that you can see the books also. So, earlier we have to prepare for 600 board answers, no maximum 200. The work is reduced. See, for Ancient India, we will use a book. Early India by Romila Thapar. This is one book. This is a book. Early India by Romila Thapar. Not page to page sentence to sentence because Romila Thapar wrote the book not for UPSC exam. Okay, Romila Thapar wrote the book not for UPSC exam. Here we will be focusing the history from Mauryas to Gupta. So, only 3 chapters. Mauryas, Post-Maurya and Gupta. These are the chapters you need to study from this book. So, this is one. Clear? Then next one. Upindar Singh. Very wonderful book. Again her thesis only. Again, this is also a reference material. Daughter of Manmohan Singh. Faculty of St. Stephen's College, Delhi. This book from Stonys to 12th century. We will use this to study from Stonys to Mauryas. Stonys to Mauryas is the focus area here. Stonys to Mauryas. These 2 books is in a 4. Ancient India. And I will give you the class notes. And that class notes is the core. And if you could follow my class notes, 50% mark is assured. Even if you don't touch these books also, if you could follow my class notes, 50% mark is assured. How that, that I will show you after this. How the marks are ensured. So, these 2 books and the NCRT by Arash Sharma. Old NCRT book. That's in a 4. Modern India. Sorry. Ancient India. Now for medieval India. Yeah, this one. See, this is an NCRT and all you need to purchase is that you just get these 2 books. Sadi Shandra, 2 books are there. Medieval India, Part 1 and Part 2 by Har Khan and Publications. These 2 books for medieval India. There is a single book called Medieval India by Sadi Shandra, not that. By Har Anand Publications. Har Anand Publications. Again, reference. Because 90% of the syllabus we will cover in the class in detail. 10% we are not covering is the unimportant areas. Because there are certain areas in our syllabus not even anyone knows about their history also. They mentioned in our syllabus, Kadambas. And no one knows that Kadambas were a dynasty ruling Karnataka other than that. Nothing is studied anywhere. Because they had mentioned everything in India. 10% to 20% ish. Unimportant areas are there. Once the class is taken, we will explain that. So this is enough for medieval India. Nothing else is required. And if you want one more, you can go for Zalma Ahmed Farooqi. Her book is also there. It's also a good book. But it's just like a reference only. Certain topics. This book. A comprehensive history of medieval India. Selma Ahmed Farooqi. For some factual things, this will help you. This book can help you in the prelims also. Selma Ahmed Farooqi. So that's enough for medieval India. Then for modern India. From classy to partition and after. By Sheghar Bandobadia. This book we used to study till 1857. Though it is up to 1964 and 2000. Our focus area for this book is 1757 to 1857. 1757 to 1857. Only 1757 to 1857. Only 1757 to 1857. Then Actually we will cover that. These all areas in the class. But as this is your optional subject and you have to read one book minimum. I am suggesting this. Not this one. This is the NCRT. The Panchandra's masterpiece. This every Indian should read this book. Not only for UPSC. Wonderful. India's struggle for independence. India's struggle for independence. That's enough. Post independence is there. That is a book by Bipen Chandra. But it's just two three chapters from that. India after independence by Bipen Chandra. India after independence by Bipen Chandra. India since independence. The name changed for the reason. That I don't want you to purchase that. Just three chapters you need to study. Not only that we will cover that in the class. Three modules are there. Post independence. That we can finish in two classes. Nothing there. Just the making of the constitution of India. Then the land reforms after independence. The rise of the tribals and the delegates in the politics. And the science and technology under Nehru and India's foreign policy. No need to purchase any book that we will cover in the class. And then the world history. All the books are other than NCRT. All the books are reference books only. You need not study everything there. This one. This one. Volume C. This book only. Again a reference material. History of world civilizations. Now the price is very high. 820 and more. World civilizations. Okay. Then one more book for modern world history. Normal law. Mastering. World history by normal law. So total 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 books. 8 books. As reference. This is what is required. And other things we will be dealt in the class. With the dictated notes. Then. You may have another fear that people will say that history is not scoring. History option is not scoring. History option is far better than public administration political science sociology and literature in scoring. That I will prove. See. History option is not scoring. I have just taken the for the purpose. We didn't do any newspaper ads and all because of the COVID and the number of students were also very less in the online world. This is my newspaper ad in 2018. This is the 2018. 2017 is the examination. Result is coming in 2018. This year 2022 we will say 2018. This is my 6 winners in the year 2018. And you can just go through their marks. All are my students and see their marks. It's almost same for all. And it is very high mark also. More than nearly 60 percentage. Mohammad Junaid from Kerala 276. Now IIS officer in Jaipur. Anjanay 286. Now IPS officer in Chhattisgarh. He wanted this IPS so he kept that. Abhinav Kumar 286. His rank was 500. And he got IR as normal. 286. Rishabh Ria 286. So you see 3 with the same marks. 286, 286, 286. Then Shitravijayan from Trivandrum 280. And Mohammad Shabir from Kodi Code 255. Shabir got better marks earlier. He got some 15 marks less. This is one example that the students are getting. I took this only just to say that this is scoring option. And this is not this year. 4 years back, 5 years back also when the so called history option was not scoring. My students were appearing the mains are getting good marks and they are entering the service. Okay. Then next see I will show the winners. See this year Topper Parth Gupta 72nd rank. See Parth Gupta score in 2018. You see that. This is Parth Gupta's answer sheet in 2018. See the mark of history. How much he got? 275. Not recommended. He didn't clear that. I am not the one to show the winners only. I am just showing you the people who didn't clear also. Parth Gupta in 2018 didn't clear but he got 275 marks for history. So my students who are attending the mains, whether they clear the service or not clearing the service, history marks is almost stable for all. This is his mark in that year. That year he didn't get much marks in this interview. He slightly missed at that time. Just for 8 marks only he missed that year. 8 marks. 275. Now let's see the Parth Gupta in 2019. Parth Gupta 2019 got into the service. This time he got slightly less marks in history but still 269. That is his range is almost that stable. 275. 269. Not much difference. And this year 2019 average all the options were scoring 20 marks less. Average scoring for all the option was less than 20 marks than the previous year. Still Parth managed 269. Got into service with the rank of 250. 250 was ranked in 2019. Now Parth Gupta this year. This year Parth Gupta's 72nd ranked with a huge mark in history 287. 287 is the mark. So 275. 269. 287. And this time 72nd rank IAS Parth Gupta from Kashmir. My student in Bangalore. And he was taking a test series in Trivandrum. Trivandrum is not a series here. Not this time in 2019 when he cleared. So this is one thing about the history option. See all the three years when Parth given the means his history was strong and stable. This is not a subject with volatility. This is the subject. The advantage is that you study something you can write anything even after five years. But the certain subjects the dynamic subjects like public administration, political science and all sociology and all every year the thoughts and the things changes and you have to frequently update the notes. History once you done the paper that's enough. No need for further updation. So once you are through with the subject you can simply score the marks. Then next then Chitra Chitra 2017 first time when she cleared her first attempt her first attempt retiring from state bank of India she was 30 years at the age of 29 she resigned the PO job then I think I told this in the orientation class. First attempt she got the service see her mark 280 280 was her mark in the history option in 2017 examination 2018 then 280 marks. Then Chitra in the next year 2018 when she got IAS see the marks 285 280 in 2017 285 in the next year and she was almost close to the top her marks see very rarely options get more than 300 marks 300 is a great achievement in any option. Chitra and I would have cleared her name option marks is 240 to 50 other subjects so this is way good. I don't know about other academies and other faculties but I can give with the full conference that my students will get marks at the end of the conference then next again Angel Raj from Trivandrum see she is the student who got the maximum market among all my students 293 she is the only one to score above 290 among my students 293 was her and she got recommended into the service 293 highest mark Angel Raj see the other marks general studies paper 179 84 89 and she survived because history only because of this option only she cleared that service if any other option she got 250 she was out so history was never a trouble for anyone my students who are writing the means they are getting the marks then can you clear her name Akhil first time 2018 his first attempt and he was so much enthusiastic that year and he got mark 280 280 was the mark of Akhil see 150 to 128 and 152 is very strong mark if you had seen that very rarely people get good marks in paper 1 because paper 2 is the one usually the people used to score well but here he came down in the paper 2 but he got very very good mark in paper 1, 280 but he couldn't clear because all other marks 81, 84, 81, 85 GS papers went bad but history paper he got very good mark see how it is if he was a he was very good in the subject he could have scored good marks in GS too how he can score that much mark in history so that's the guidance he got other one done he scored like that very next year Akhil came again for option this time his mark came down see I told that that year average 20 marks came down that year Akhil's performance was not that excellent he got 236 marks still his performance in the GS papers further went down 65 from 80s he went down to 65 paper SA also he came down so his problem was not exactly history other subjects so I am saying that my students who are writing the memes they are getting marks in history so this is not the case that only winners are getting history mark it's because of the proper guidance and test series and the way they are getting the marks then Chitra of Shalwar big Rishu Smilna then Rishu Priya Rishu in 2018 Rishu got 286 I think 200, 270, 279, 286 286 was the mark and that helped her to get into the service and she got very good marks in that year SA 141, GS 111 95, 122, 82 very good marks she got and that was the year 2017 people got good marks and she got into the service 545 rank now in IRPS Indian Railway Traffic Service then again the next year Rishu Priya again she got qualified and that time also her paper marks was not that bad she got 250, 260 history 260 so whatever happens you will be in this range of 260 to 29 and that too just follow the glass notes first effort that you can cross 300 but no one takes that effort everyone finally focus on the glass notes but the glass notes are not that good this marks will be there that's the guarantee because I was the topper of UPSC history option in 2014 UPSC history option that operated in 2014 and I am giving what I studied what I had written that attitude is not there so that's why the results are there then next then Smilna again my student Smilna in 2018 she couldn't clear the means not qualified main examination but still her marks in history was 135, 135, 272 272 272 was her mark she couldn't clear in that year 272 and the very next year she qualified also she is now in forest service she took forest service only though she could get IPS she preferred forest service from Kandu so this is how the marks are there so this I just demonstrated just only because I want to show that marks are there and not only that I am a faculty not just coming in the classroom and taking the notes I used to support all my students every time and for that I will show you one thing this is a screenshot of a selfie Parth Gupta, Smilna, Rishu this is the time when all came for a test series time in one evening we were having tea in Bangalore so full support and at that time when this Covid was there everything derailed we couldn't meet anyone I am going to issue them so this is Parth Smilna, Rishu he is now in Andhra service Vijay and Krishna Prasad Krishna Das and Nihar they couldn't clear till now they couldn't get it Vijay got Andhra service and he is happy with that the other three are in the service Parth, Smilna, Rishu so this is regarding the history optional okay then I am not taking any subject and all because you people are already in my class you know and for the sake of a demo class if I take one topic and this is free that won't give the feel of the class last class I did the math rate it will be a feel there so this is regarding the history option I can guarantee that this subject is a very simple subject and we will finish that in no time we will cover the syllabus in the detail way also we can clear this the only thing required is that follow the things and regularly write the answers and the tests that's it see this is like any other option I am not saying that you take history you will get good marks simply because of history you take sociology you take public administration Malayalam whatever it is if you put the effort according to your teacher's plan definitely you will get marks and I am not responsible for other students not getting marks for history and the students okay I have to bother only about my students other teachers other students who are not getting good marks in history that's not the problem of me so people may try history and didn't get marks and doing that oh history we are not able to till this day no student of mine said that because of history we lost not only the winners the results I had seen the results of the people who couldn't clear he is my student he is my history option writing the means this time so this is what I would like to say in the democrat the first thing is that I am 100% confident in the history okay and if you have confidence you can join the session you have the class on Monday you can attend 2 sessions or 3 sessions then you can decide that much option I can give that always I give I never ask my students to pay the fees before no nothing like that you should be satisfied in the class it's your satisfaction it's not because of Chauvin George or anyone you take the class do take the class because this option is very crucial you can see that many people clear the service because of the optional marks the option plays very big role because general studies marks is almost same for everybody it won't differ much the top ranger and the last one who entered the means the gap will be maximum 20 to 13 the GS papers okay so sometimes the rank number 1 got 95 marks in paper 1 but there will be some others who will get 105 in paper 1 like that the edge is in the optional as well as essay paper essay paper also decides some people get 121 15 for essay but there are people who get 140, 145 in essay such people so the defining things or the differentiation comes in essay and optional so choose your optional YC second thing right here to choose the optional is the faculties available for you is the faculties readily available for you that is one thing because you will write the notes and you have to get it corrected and all so if the faculties available second thing the sources see history you will get plenty of books so you can get the sources to study that but many other subjects like philosophy and all for example what you will study because most of the philosophical books in India is written in Hindi very few books are there in English so there are some issues like that so either in a criteria you have to choose while selecting your optional okay any doubts if you have you can ask no need no current of force in the history option no need to worry about that see once you are studying history optional then no need to study the GS history that isn't a good thing then advantage yes see the advantage of taking history optional is that any history option advantage advantage is that every year you will get a minimum 16 to 22 questions in your problems from history no other subjects guarantees this economy and all sometimes it will go up to 25 sometimes it will come down to 10 already sometimes one question it can go up to 25 geography it can be sometimes no question and it can go up to 20 history is always static you will get minimum 16 to 22 can just check the last 5 years question no 10 years question 2 questions will be there and optional student in whatever situation you will be in a position to answer minimum 18 and that is almost one third of your problems one third of your problems victory will be this that is one advantage second thing paper 2 you will be studying sorry that in the main GS you will be studying modern India and world history and also the culture this adds up 70% of the history syllabus so if you are taking history option that time can be saved for other subjects otherwise if you take history not history you have to again study modern India world history ancient India medieval India and you will have to take huge time to study that also so that time can be saved if you are taking history option problems you will get this much question means you will get questions plus time can be saved and that can be used for other subjects so that is the advantage of history that geography political sciences they will get advantage in the certain papers see today version terms again out of fire chronological sequence we have the techniques to that one more thing in the mains actually we are not studying the names as such mains we will cover the things without any name and year also mains is analysis for example I will just say decline of Indus valley assume that there is a topic called decline of Indus valley so first we will say that this is still a speculative issue and there is no clear cut evidence regarding the decline of Indus valley there are several viewpoints in the history one viewpoint says that Aryan invasion theory Aryan invasion theory see this is exactly the mains class but I am making it in an abridged way we will have a little more explanation in the class but for your understanding there is a viewpoint that Aryans came and destroyed this Indus valley civilization but on the basis of historical studies we found that Indus valley was declined around 1800 BC and Aryans never entered India before 1500 BC so there is a clear time up of 300 years so the Aryan invasion theory is rejected so here we are not giving any fact other than Aryan invasion theory there is another viewpoint in the history that floods destroyed Indus valley civilization floods destroyed see if you know the person who brought up the theory you can write the name if you don't know you write that there is a viewpoint in the history you have to manage the things see assume that John Marshall brought flood theory but you cannot write it as you cannot mention it okay assume that the situation that you don't know the name of the historian you just say that there is a viewpoint in the history or scholars a series of scholars propounded the view that floods destroyed Indus valley civilization but we are rejecting the flood theory because of two reasons one is the enormous size of the civilization that civilization extended from Kashmir to Maharashtra from Iran border to Uttar Pradesh cannot be destroyed by flood that is one thing second point also we will write there 40% of the Indus valley civilization was in the semi desert zone of runoff touch and Baluchistan where no river and no chance of flooding so we cannot say that flooding destroyed the civilization another theory says that drying up of the river third theory we will see drying up of rivers and historian said that Saraswati river which was running through Rajasthan and Haryana dried up and that led to the end of this civilization but we will say that Indus valley decline was in 1800 BC but Saraswati river is mentioned in Vedic age so that shows that drying up of this river was later so in this way we says Omni theories and finally we will conclude history option we will conclude how the conclusion point we will like that we cannot attribute a single cause for the decline of this civilization so that's what we will say finally we will summarize the thing we cannot say a single causative factor behind the decline of this civilization many factors might have played different role in many areas so there is a lack of uniformity in the process of decline so we are giving analysis and it is hundred times interesting than the lens plus our mains we are not coming with the names, years and all we will manage the things very easy way that's our mains in the advantage we are not studying the names and the figure we will just go with the analysis of the things analysis why this happens for example we will say that he conquered south india and the reason for the shift of the capital was to administer south and north effectively from a centralized location but this failed first reason we say forceful evacuation of people from delhi the leading people of delhi they protested second point absence of sultan from the north created problems in the north and even after shifting the capital to south india sultan failed to control south india as vijayanagar and all became independent we are not mentioning any names you will remember that's it in modern india for example first world war is a topic first world war we are studying and in the entire first world war courses of the first world war we are mentioning just one name just one name is mentioned in the entire course of the first world war first world war is france ferdinen france ferdinen this is the arsh duke of austria-hungary who was shot dead by a serbian and that led to the first world war first world war are courses of imperialistic rivalries conflicts within europe formation of rival alliance this incidence preceding the war like balkan crisis and the immediate course the assassination of france ferdinen if you don't know france ferdinen no problem the assassination of austrian arsh duke if you don't know arsh duke don't worry because you have the potential even if you don't know the name you can write austrian arsh duke if you don't know arsh duke even if you write austrian prince it's not wrong so i am saying that history options is not like the history prelims this is entirely different hundred percent different here we are giving analysis in the mains prelims we are focused more on factual things because the ups is oymark question is factual oriented here it is analysis analysis is the things so analyzing the events that's the thing we studied see modern india and all very simple we can cover that and i can guarantee you attend the class on monday you will see the magic of history that i can guarantee first class just attend first class on monday and you can see what the option is just attend the class and then decide okay see after all you are writing how many history lay you are writing only 200 words so sometimes it can go up to 230 words you write 5-6 points it is almost 200 words will be there there is another advantage just remember few points and you will write they guarantee and they all follow the class notes you will get the marks you will feel the simplicity of this subjects within one or two weeks either class you will like it but within one or two weeks you will understand whatever you say this is not a vast subject because i remember i can take krishnadevaraya for long see for example see today we studied naigar system naigar system see there can be a question like this naigar system was both a strength and weakness for the vijayanagara empire this will be a question for 10 marks only okay so how we will address that first point we will write what is naigar system naigar system how we will write naigar system was the most remarkable feature of vijayanagara administration and the naigs were the hereditary military aristocrats who supplied army for the vijayanagara rulers so that is the first point second point we will say why the vijayanagara king was dependent on the naigas so that point we will be addressing in the mains in the GS class that is why i didn't mention see vijayanagara 13th baamani kingdom 1347 they were created within 10 years and they were in the same deck and fighting against each other from the beginning itself vijayanagara was constantly fighting with the baamanis vijayanagara was constantly fighting with the baamanis these are the dynastic names other than Delhi sultanate we are studying only vijayanagara and baamanis in medieval india sultanate only one sultanate vijayanagara and baamanis mughal period we will study mughals and the marathas no hundreds of dynasties so vijayanagara from the very beginning they were fighting with the baamanis and thus the vijayanagara rulers had no time to maintain or develop a strong centralized army and that's why they were dependent on the naigas so vijayanagara rulers were heavily dependent on the naigas naigas army go to thilengil vijayanagara will be doomed third point these naigas were controlled well only during the period of powerful rulers like krishnadevaraya so naigas always had their ambition see naigas always had their ambition they wanted to become the rulers and all so the naigas were controlled only under certain strong vijayanagara rulers like krishnadevaraya and from time this vijayanagara rulers tried to control the naigas through appointing a special officer if you remember mahamandaleshwar you write that or else appointed special officers to control the naigas and also monopolize the import of the horses so by now 3 points are there almost 100 words crossed okay and the last point can say that under the weak rulers these naigas expressed their desire for more autonomy and that contributed to the decline of vijayanagara immediately after talikota vijayanagara got disintegrated into many naigas kingdoms i said that today vijayanagara vanished what vanishment is that immediately after talikota central power became weakened so naigas took it as an opportunity and they disintegrated vijayanagara like maisur naigas we are not writing this maisur naigas sanjavur naigas madurai naigas velur naigas you are not writing these naig names we will write that after the fall of talikota naigas took this as an opportunity and they broke up the vijayanagara empire into numerous naigas kingdoms you might have heard about Tirumala naikar of madurai and all these naigas kingdoms thus finally we have written it in a style we can write that thus vijayanagara this naigas system proved to be a strength and weakness when it helped the vijayanagara to conquer all these areas and once it was weakened it contributed to the decline so that i used to write like this thus the naigas system proved to be a double edged sword it is alamur shayal avala double edged sword which shed the blood for vijayanagara and also shed the blood of vijayanagara well this is how the points are given except krishnadevaraya except krishnadevaraya and krishnadevaraya anyone studies vijayanagara will remember that me then modern india assume that see freedom struggle let us start the freedom struggle from 1885 1885 freedom struggle but the name we are studying aohu dafrin firosham etha there is no need for a name they will be called the moderates firosham etha gaokale dada bhai navaroj then lal bal pal lalalajpatrayi bal gangadhar tilag and vipen shantrapal lord kersen in 1885 from 1905 there were many names now you may have heard of it other than that all other names you know then from 1905 the split of the indian national congress till 1916 you are not studying any other names in 1916 we will study any person in 1917 we will mention Gandhi for the first time then we will study the names nehru sardar patel subhashyndrabhu then 2-3 voice voice of the british erwin linlidhko till 1942 we are studying these names and in 1942 we will study kribs stefford kribs came to india kribs mission name is again over 1945 maumaz ali jinnah finished maumaz ali jinnah maumaz ali jinnah maumaz ali jinnah maumaz ali jinnah maumaz ali jinnah maumaz ali jinnah then we will study few communist leaders names that m and roi nalli gupta we are studying that a little bit and which subject is not without facts which subject is not a fact you just study the theory of these subjects it is not just about studying you cannot change their thoughts and theories you have to reproduce that the same you don't have the right to average the mass theory but history is in your language then for example if you are studying geography assume that bottom topography of the atlantic ocean see assume that this is atlantic ocean see i am not doing ridicule i am just comparing with all the subjects all the subjects have been changed in our country all the ocean has bottom topography the ocean is with hills the steep falls gorges, trenches we have to study this all the names are there we have to study all the names then how many names are there you will have to study hundreds of technical terms than history in other subjects and you have to study the names of the people there also you have to definitely call the name of the person who brought that theory history is the viewpoint in the history and even if you don't know anything about a subject you can just simply manage that on the basis of a deeper analysis in a close observation we are not observing anything closely or deeper we are managing the things this is just a matter of writing you can manage it the subject it is not like you are going to study the entire history we are studying the syllabus we are not studying that day one day three we are not studying that we are not studying such things we are not preparing for the quiz competition we are not preparing for the quiz competition we know what to deal with this subject that is it that is the history option prelims prelims can be even you just check the prelims questions they will come with the terms only we have studied FA jisya that is the terms prelims but I cannot take the class without mentioning alouding halji so that is why for the sake of the class I am explaining that in a story when the story is mentioned the name of the rulers to be mentioned see if I give you some facts only you will never understand the subject prelims we are explaining the names they are slightly different just to a decision on the 10 days you will get them we will start with modern india as I am taking ancient and medieval in the glass I will start with modern india paper 2 we will start first modern india world history then we will start ancient india medieval because these are not connected history is not the answer and it has a advantage there is no question the thing is that only this year some questions came very difficult otherwise from our class you used to get almost all the questions let us follow the class then this year I just asked you to follow the NCRP also you cannot study with this you cannot study over 10 books to prepare for your case just one or two books confidence automatically the things will follow we have to be confident in this entire preparation and there will be the times you may feel that it happens if you do not feel that you will feel dejected you will feel depressed understand that that is the situation subjects and all we will look at the questions normally I did not find any history questions these two questions I could not answer them and you should not read that Chanakya's book if you read Chanakya's full book it will not come so leave some questions you are not going to write all the 100 questions in the prelims maximum you will be writing around 80 that is what I was saying the questions are written so you can leave certain areas there is nothing called as syllabus completion other than option we will complete the syllabus GS we will never complete anything called syllabus maximum minimum required and rest you do the maximum test automatically the things will follow if you get scared this is a fight fight it well that is all the same answers what I had written in the answer sheet map to make you interested in the class because I liked the colour no one else would do it you will get the mark if you write but it will not take time you will get more geography I will tell you how to write the map history's map I have read it before I have always written the map is simple the map is the area where I get the mark that I will say I like the map geography I know that subject well I like the subject I like the geography I like the quality but this is my subject my post graduation subject everything is history I will say that they will give the place and we have to mark it in the map it will not be that easy but still we manage then I will tell you see this is how the maps will be there in a point in the flag through dot mark and then there will be the keys you see this say 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 in an easy way there will be a map entry 20 map entries will be there 2.5 marks 1. an inscriptional site 2. ancient capital 3. prehistoric cultural site 4. inscriptional site 5. birthplace of a philosopher and birthplace of a philosopher where I go ancient port 6. birthplace of a philosopher and 6. birthplace of a philosopher see in our class the map is just for so we can understand some things that's it until then there was this interactive board otherwise the white board and when we started studying the chokers until then see you can answer this inscriptional site every allocation in afghanistan you can read inscription major rock addict of ashoka bilingual inscription where are we kandahar that's it before you have to identify in afghanistan there is no inscription and it is located in south afghanistan answer kandahar so kandahar you write you will get one mark then you have to write that kandahar we discovered a bilingual inscription of ashoka it was one of the major rock addicts of ashoka it is located in present day afghanistan you can write that 2 and a half marks one mark for identification 1 and a half mark for writing writing means just in 30 words 4 points you will write correctly you will get 2 and a half marks and that too in the point format not sentence format second one ancient capital we studied only one mahajanapada in rajasthan one mahajanapada in rajasthan matseya capital virad nagar third one prehistoric cultural site prehistoric if you studied something cultural there remember that you answered then when we were taking the class at that time that's what i said yeah bimbettka bimbettka bimbettka that's a prehistoric site where we discovered the rock paintings if that prehistoric site is here you will say mirzaboor then fourth one inscriptional site major rock addict of ashoka boli then fifth one ancient port moosiris moosiris is everyone asking for 2 years 6th one birthplace of a philosopher a philosopher born in Nepal buddha lumbini so they will give hints and you have to identify no need to worry about that then make a map for indus valley then make a map for vedikesh then make a map for mahajanapada then maurya ashokan inscriptions one site other places like this 10-20 headings all the maps are ready from daily practice 5 or 2 numbers it will be simple whenever i am making the map and locations it is almost exactly the place i am marking that when i am taking the class this is a revision again for me practice that's all we have the mechanism okay rest is in the class class attend you you just attend you will get the appeal of the subject and that is modern india it will be beneficial for you okay if you have friends if you have friends you can attend them if they are doubtful about which option you can attend them Monday, Tuesday Thursday, Friday you can attend them and 3 months maximum 4 months i have said that if you have 3 sessions you can history option timing is 5.30-8 you will depend on admission if you are ready for 2.30-5 you will do at that time that is what you should do that is a Chennai timing okay 5.30-8 depends on the convenience of all admission we will decide that that's flexible it will be problem for us also it can be done that can be done no issues level 5.30-8 that's the optional timings it depends on the students only earlier we used to club with Bangalore and Trivandrum Trivandrum, Trivandrum, Bangalore now we will start Bangalore an option we will start here my plan is that in September because if i am staying continuously we can finish that then you can the analysis is given in the class if you study that even if you could reproduce the same notes also you will get marks see the point is that i will focus on the class writing part we will see that in the class shall we wind up okay see you then