 on next reaction oxidation of alkynes, right on alkynes on reaction with aqueous KMnO4 in neutral medium, in neutral medium forms di ketone, forms di ketone, okay. This reaction takes, don't write this, this reaction takes place in neutral as well as in basic medium also, okay. The basic medium will have different product. Suppose the alkynes is this and when this is allowed to react with KMnO4 with H2O, aqueous KMnO4 medium is neutral, right. The first step, the product is OH, OH and then from this H2O molecules, two H2O molecules goes out and we end up getting C double bond O, C double bond O, right, di ketone, okay. We have, see, when the carbon has two hydroxyl group present on the same carbon, this kind of compound is not at all stable because of the presence of lone pair on these oxypernates. In the normal condition or slightly when you heat this, it easily goes under dehydrolysis, H2O molecules are in the next one, okay and it converts into C double bond, okay. Mechanism you can understand, suppose this lone pair, see if it draws the resonating structure of this one. So, wouldn't it be the lone oxygen from the C double bond when that becomes O plus and H plus? This comes over here. No, it won't happen like this because conjugation is not there. See, actually what happens, this oxygen hydrogen bond is colder because of high electronegativity of this oxygen. So, this hydrogen or this hydrogen is acetic in nature, okay. Slightly when you heat this, this H plus comes out, okay. And what is this H plus here and here, this oxygen atom behaves as a base, takes that H plus from this, right. So, this H plus comes out, this becomes O minus and we have H plus is taken up by this oxygen, so we will get O H2 plus. Sir, can you repeat? What I said, we have O H here and O H here, both hydrogen atom are acetic. H plus comes out slightly when you heat this, even at normal temperature also. So, you can take that lone pair. Yes, yes. So, this H plus is taken up by this oxygen, which has one lone pair. It becomes O positive charger for this. And finally, what happens, this goes out as a living group, H2 molecules illuminates and with this positive charge here, it comes back to you and forms a double bond, right. So, you always remember this whenever carbon has two hydroxyl group present, then this won't be the final product of the reaction because from this easily dehydration takes place and it converts into ketone. So, this KmnO4, that was KmnO4 in neutral medium, you get diketone. Next, this is right up, right. Sir, why Jeff Dihler is going to say that this is a hydrogen atom, three lone pairs. Three lone pairs are here, but there is no, what do you say, hydrogen, like here, see why this is not stable. This oxygen hydrogen bond is highly polar. So, H plus here leaves there by these, which is taken up by this, which is a base. But this carbon hydrogen bond, it is a strong bond, right. Carbon hydrogen bond is a strong bond and there's no hydrogen attached to this hydrogen atom, which is not possible. A hydrogen can have only one bond, right. That's why there's no elimination of H plus here and this bond is comparatively stronger, easily dissociated only at normal temperatures. So, for that this is still less stable than, like, visceral dihalyte. Visceral, no, see, we cannot compare the stability like this. Why are you saying it's less stable? Sir, because over here there's steric repulsion. Steric repulsion? Again, emotional ring, alright. Steric repulsion, how do you feel about steric repulsion? Sir, but there, they are, that is the no, see, see lone pair, even chlorine-chlorine bond forms now, so steric hindrance, but it is not there. The distance is sufficient there to minimize that repulsion or we can say, can adjust the two hydrogen atoms here, right. So, they cannot take steric repulsion, that's the problem already. Point is, if you have, as I mentioned, when you see, you may have started organically, right. So, when you will do two, three more chapters, you have this idea, cannot take steric repulsion. Or if there's a nucleophile called CS3, C O, oh, not this one, suppose we have like this, suppose this molecule is there, right. We'll discuss this later, that when this molecule is attached and some electrophiles, suppose we have, what we can say, suppose we have Br2, electrophile is bromine, okay. Now, in presence of this group, the reaction is Br2 with FeBr2. It is the bromination reaction of this compound, derivative of benzene, this group is attached. Now, when this group is attached, if you cannot say, we'll get one specific product, okay. Because of this group, we have product here possible, bromine can get attached either at this position or this position. Because it is orthoparate. Electron releasing group, orthopara directing group, right. Now, the point is what, if here we have to talk about the major product, then this is the bulky group. Orthopare attachment, what will happen? It will be difficult because of the repulsion. Sir, sir, how big is bulky? B bulky is like dimethyl, suppose we have this kind of compound. It's a bulky base. So, as I mentioned, acyclic compound. If two things, change is small and acyclic compound is two bulky groups, it's possible. But we'll do that, we'll do it correctly. So, we'll never say, is it bulky? No, even this is also important. But what we are talking about, we'll get either ortho-substitute or paracetamide. So, which one is major, where the acyclic compounds come? So, here it is. Understood. So, bulky and acetic intense will generally consider it aromatic compound. Aliphatic may be possible, but that is when you have carbon-carbon bond. There are many things. If you have one group here, to minimize the repulsion, one of the bond rotates like this and other side. So, we'll discuss this later. Here, there's no steric repulsion. So, as you can see, we're not going to do steric intense. Okay? So, we have to keep the feeling aside. Okay. Right on next. Second point in this one. Tiny is treated with basic, basic aqueous KMnO4 in basic medium reaction. Basic aqueous KMnO4. No, this is a normal temperature. The basic medium reaction is slightly higher temperature. It's already at elevated temperature also. So, suppose the reaction is RC triple bond CR dash and the reaction is KMnO4, basic medium QH and aqueous solution and slightly we are heating this at an elevated temperature. Okay. So, in this one, what happens, you'll get carboxylate, COO- plus R dash C double bond O, and then we'll talk about that. Actually, MnO4- is this. So, similar kind of mechanism is there. But just you have to, what you have to keep in mind, if it is non-terminal alkali, that forms acids. Oxidation, KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing agent. Why strong oxidizing agent? Because manganese oxidation status plus 7. That's why it will go under reduction. We'll oxidize others. So, it is a very strong oxidizing agent. So, oxidation of alkyne gives you acid in acidic medium. But if the medium is basic, basic medium, you have to just, it's very important also. Suppose you'll get acid first. But since the medium is basic, so your basic medium will take this acidic H plus. So, it will just exist as RCO-? Yes, yes. Because this H plus is acidic, this H plus is taken up by the base and it forms carboxylate ion. So, always remember this point that basic medium may come in the acid form. Always we get what? Carboxylate ion. We never get acid in basic medium. Because this H plus is acidic taken up by the base and we'll get carboxylate ion. So, then in acidic will it stick as C O H? Yes, right. Does it happen in basic medium? No, in basic medium. Acid medium and acid form. We'll see the preparation of carboxylate acid. We'll see. Where we have basic medium, then we'll get carboxylate ion. Not acid. Sir, we already learned this thing, the oxidation of that. But for alkene, similar reaction. Alkene. In the medium is basic medium. Then carboxylate ion. In acid medium we'll get acid here. But this reaction takes place in basic medium, not in acid medium. Alkene oxidation is there in acid medium, then we'll get acid. Okay. Next reaction is ozone analysis. Write down alkene. Alkene reacts with ozone followed by hydrolysis, followed by hydrolysis forms. Carboxylic acid or a mixture of acid and carbon dioxide. A mixture of acid and carbon dioxide. So, suppose when carbon dioxide forms, if you have terminal alkene, if terminal alkene is there, then this carbon forms CO2. So, the reagent is what? O3 first, ozone and then hydrolysis of this, which is H2O. So, this carbon, terminal alkene, this carbon forms CO2 and from this part we'll get acid, which is CS3CO2H. If the alkene is not terminal, CS3 C2H5 with the same reagent, then we'll get only acid. CS3COOH plus C2H5COOH. Two more reactions. We just have to memorize this. There's no mechanism for this. Write down rearrangement of alkynes. Rearrangement of alkynes. Rearrangement and polymerization. Just two more reactions. Write down when alkyne is heated with, when alkyne is heated with ethanolic potassium hydroxide, ethanolic potassium hydroxide, the triple bond of alkyne, ethanolic potassium hydroxide, KOH, the triple bond of alkyne migrates towards the center of the chain. So, reaction is if you have CS3CH2C triple bond CH, KOH in ethanolic solution. Ethanolic is ethanol. So, solvents is ethanol. So, like I said there is no mechanism here, just this will shift towards the center CS3 triple bond C CS3 what is the order of the order then also it will shift towards the center. But, suppose we have this CS3 CS2 CS2 C triple bond C H again it will shift over here one shift is there, just one shift is there, one shift will be there, when you have the option you will understand what is the possible problem, ok. Now, one more thing if you need this one non-tandry alkyne with any NH2, so what am I using? In terms of paraffin then this converts into the original one which is CS3 CH2 C triple bond C minus N8, see like I said this that there is no mechanism here, it is just an observation when you heat it at certain temperature, triple bond which means there will be some bond dissociated and bond formation, shifting means this bond will dissociate and we will get a more substituted alkyne. Is it electric? No, it is not, electric is something, ok, so there is no mechanism of this, that is two reaction you have to memorize, is it out of syllabus or it is there, but it is out of the syllabus, the mechanism part is not there.