 Good morning everybody. All right, so I'm here to speak on Ethereum what we've done so far what we're planning on doing talk about our ecosystem and community So let's get started So we're gonna go through the Ethereum roadmap what we know so far The software ecosystem, you know what tools are out there what tools are currently being developed a lot of them you're gonna see in deep dive sessions and in Product demos and all kinds of stuff throughout the day and then what makes us different what does the Ethereum community value and what? Makes us, you know sets us apart from other crypto projects decentralized application projects All right, so whoops Go this way Cool, so where we've been January 2015 is when Vitalik Buterin formally announced Ethereum at the North American Bitcoin conference that was Kind of the start of people getting excited publicly about Ethereum and it kind of set things in motion We you know had a crowd sale after that and then in July 2015 we Started the frontier phase Actually, that should be January 2014 my bad July 2015 we started the frontier phase Which is when the blockchain actually went live So when you're thinking like as we're I'm going through these developments consider that the Ethereum blockchain itself is less than two years old March 2016 we had homestead. It had a lot of protocol improvements. So Just a lot of things that helped kind of speed up transactions make things more reliable kind of coming out of an alphabet of phase So right now what do we got going on? We have light clients that are very efficient There is a lot of mobile app development and embedded app development going on so for instance status I am is a mobile Android Ethereum app that you can pretty much run any Ethereum app that runs on a website on status You can go in and also have incorporates whisper the decentralized peer-to-peer messaging system that Ethereum has and it has Just all kinds of really really neat features it uses light clients to make it so that as a consumer You don't have to have the whole blockchain on your phone. You can just use external servers and Even you know your own light client server on your phone to just get the data that you need the Mobile and embedded devices. There's also Raspberry Pi Beaglebone integration all kinds of stuff that stays very well updated Smart contract safety and formal verification That's kind of some of the hot topics are the smart contract security because you hear about all these Blockchain projects that have you know flaws or that are not properly vetted So we have an excellent team at the foundation and in the community that are going through and doing groundbreaking cryptographic research on how to secure these smart contracts and how to make it so that you know people don't mess up and inadvertently Create smart contracts that can cause losers to Not use the smart contracts correctly pretty much because there's a lot of things you can Mess up when you're trying to do something from scratch solidity is a very new language so that there's a lot of Development that's going to be Happening over that's already happened and it's going to be happening that will make it a whole lot more secure and then interest from many industries Ethereum has had a lot of interest in the enterprise sector. We have a lot of banks energy Industry, you know tracking all kinds of stuff and use cases that have been explored and that People are just kind of getting into small groups and figuring out on their own. They're starting to be more of a More of a like people getting together and trying to make consortiums theirself and Joe Lubin is going to be talking later about enterprise Ethereum groups and just kind of where that landscape is and where Ethereum's been So he'll give a more detailed talk on that So Where are we going? We're going to metropolis. So that is the next phase of Ethereum development. So Basically, like we just went through frontier was the launch homestead was a lot of the upgrades and Things that made the network more stable and then metropolis goes through and provides a lot more flexibility for smart contract developers They put things where Smart contracts can you know pay their own fees? So when you send a transaction, you don't have to Externally, you know fund it every time that something has ran the smart contract itself can fund the transactions going forward Initial steps toward Ethereum abstraction to me. This is one of the coolest things because what that means is that? we're going to take Ethereum and right now you have to you know download an Ethereum client and and Basically use that client and it has the blockchain the logic layer the storage layer the consensus layer all packaged in and if you want to Change any of that you have to go in and you know do soft forks or hard forks And if you're an enterprise you have to go in and just mutilate the code and get your own consensus mechanism in there but what abstraction is going to do what we're calling of abstraction is The ability to swap out consensus protocols within Ethereum the ability to have You know different types of account security. So right now we have to use the account security mechanisms that Bitcoin and that Ethereum use when you know you're creating a public private key But later you can use LAN port signatures or you can use RSA or you know infinite possibilities within what your use case is either and like a private setting a consortium blockchain and Combining that with all of the things that people are doing trying to interconnect blockchains makes it super super powerful I feel like that's going to definitely be the future and then of course Kind of setting the groundwork for scalability solutions including sharding which I'm going to talk more about in a second. Oh ZK snarks, that's definitely a hot word right now hot hot phrase. So ZK Starks are zero knowledge proofs. So it is a way to have anonymous transactions of value right now Zcash is the basically the first ones who have a widely known public chain ZK snark system they launched in December and Their team has been super friendly to us. We have a really good relationship with them So we're starting to do work to enable ZK snarks on Ethereum And the interesting thing is that there is this collaboration even though We are different projects because we're really doing this for the good of you know having this You know decentralized technology and pushing the agenda forward. It's not about profit or Not about the kind of stuff that some you know blockchain and cryptocurrency projects go for we grew Really just want to make really cool stuff and help you know society by making these things that support Censorship resistance and decentralization so on the technical side of that basically We don't have support for a certain type of Elliptic curve cryptography method in Ethereum. So we're adding that in during metropolis and Just kind of working out the details of that right now and how that's going to work We have everything else to support it already And then in the future, you know with abstraction coming full-force that's going to be even more possibilities around snarks All right super cool stuff after metropolis is serenity We know metropolis is going to be in the next three to six months We don't know when serenity is going to be but This is going to be when you know the really big stuff hits. We're changing from proof of work to proof of stake Right now. We're leaning on, you know the Casper consensus algorithm, which Vlad Zemfier is going to talk about In a deep dive session later today So what that's going to do for those who are not familiar with proof of stake Proof of work, you know is just like the Bitcoin network does it you have miners that You know are using their computing power and burning electricity in order to secure the coins so proof of stake is going to do is you have Coins that you kind of lock into these contracts on the network and you have virtual miners So you abide by a set of rules to lock your coins in and that makes you a virtual miner that On-chain has the ability to approve of transactions and act as a miner securing the network without having to expend Costly external resources and hurt the environment with a lot of this Heat production and energy cost that comes with proof of work in most cases Finish abstraction on Ethereum. So I talked about a little bit in the last slide, but Additionally, what we're trying to do is Have just a lot more flexibility with what people want to do. There's you know, sometimes big debates about UTXO Transaction models versus, you know, what Ethereum uses and so having this abstraction from the Logic layer and the storage layer you can put UTXO based token management on the Ethereum blockchain You can have an advanced contract execution scheme. So the ability to have Contracts like I said pay for their own transactions, which is a huge step and having smart contracts be more autonomous and not have to Be activated by outside influence necessarily and then blockchain sharding What sharding does right now when you have blockchains, there's a single blockchain and In that blockchain you have whatever consensus algorithm and everyone's Downloaded the entire chain So everyone has the same copy and so everyone can verify and everyone gets updated in relatively the same amount of time What sharding does is it cuts the blockchain into hundreds or thousands of pieces so that each node that is running only has to approve of Their piece that they're shard of the network and that sounds insecure because it's like well How do they know about all the other pieces? But what we're working on is a solution to take Merkel roots So the thing that kind of structures a lot of the transaction receipts and you know transaction stuff in both Bitcoin and Ethereum and We're gonna make it so that every shard has a Merkel proof that can then compare across each other and Make it so that it has a A strong sense of consensus shards can talk across from each other Cross communicate and there's still a lot of research to be done in this It's definitely not something that's in stone right now Which is why there's not really an estimated time for serenity to come out But the research is really promising it There's a you know some channels on getter that we a lot of people participate in and it's really groundbreaking stuff from both academia and Just you know normal people who have really good ideas or who are you know hobbyists Cryptographers who come in and help us with a lot of this Including the economic theory. There's also some Things that we're gonna do to decrease block time Theoretically with blockchain sharding you can bring the block time down significantly You can also have tens of thousands thorough put of transactions eventually when serenity first comes out It's probably not gonna be that Way exactly there's definitely gonna be higher thorough put of transactions, but the goal is to Set up a structure through abstraction to be able to iterate on each part of the ethereum protocol In a way that's more simple. That's not all interconnected and that allows for these type of innovations that I've described So Ethereum software ecosystem what a Lot of people don't realize is just how much it's actually overwhelming sometimes how much has been done in the ethereum ecosystem So what I got right here little bubbles that describe What's going on in the ethereum ecosystem from kind of a high level? so Let's start with clients Ethereum does not have we basically implement a Protocol standard and then the clients follow that standard rather than having a like core reference Client that everyone follows and that is the standard. So what that means is you can take our You know protocol specification and implement it into a lot of different programming languages Without having to rely on the core code base of any others So we have as you can see C++ Java Ruby, and I actually didn't even list them all I think there's a few more Haskell included Clients that you can you know take the code base for and just write off the back connect to the ethereum network There's also Dev tools so I know Meta mask is here And they're gonna be talking during a learning session. There's Solidity, which is our Smart contract language, there's embark and truffle which are tools to create Solidity abstractions and to help People create and test their smart contracts and then all the IDE icons are going and like text Processor icons are programs that have ethereum plugins for Linting and all these other things. So really there's just a variety if you want to jump into ethereum development There's a lot of tools right there, and it's really easy to get into The enterprise on the far left is going to be What the future of ethereum is gonna look like outside of the public scope so we have block apps Monax Tendermint JPMorgan's quorum You know hycos project with Hydra chain on the far left the mushroom looking one. That's a really cool logo So there what they're working on is having alternative Consensus mechanisms so sometimes proof-of-stake sometimes different round robin protocols because a lot of the time when you're working with Different businesses you don't necessarily need like you need to have some sense of decentralization But you kind of trust who you're working with there if you have like ten or a hundred companies And you know them all and you know what their addresses are and it's not anonymous or pseudo anonymous. You don't really need that you can kind of assist in that trade-off of trust and Scalability so what they're trying to do is get bigger block Transaction thorough put they're trying to Iterate on talking between different blockchains and a ton of other cool things. There's a few different enterprise deep dives throughout this conference We got daps you port is here noses is here Oracleize is here, and then there's been some other kind of Popular daps that have popped up recently including first blood Akasha project Okan and then finally and probably most importantly we have a very very strong community We have a very active reddit We have dozens of github or Gitter channels that are all hours of the day people coming in and Like I really got Interested in Ethereum because it's super approachable like you can be on reddit and just you know in a thread be like Oh, hey core developer of Ethereum or dap developer. What's this new thing? That's going on. How do I fix this? We have a stack exchange that has hundreds of questions answered in there And we have meet-ups from all around the world some of them topping a thousand members in bigger cities like Berlin and London, so Generally you'll be able to find a meet-up in your city, especially if you live in a bigger city or a metropolitan area So it's just a thriving community, and we've been able to keep it that way a very focused you know non non-violent I guess non Yelly non, you know all that stuff toxic I guess would be the word Community so it's really enjoyable to go to those meet-ups and talk to people even though They're sometimes really awkward nerds who don't get out much and they're you know, haven't seen the sunlight in a few weeks Hey, yeah All right, so what makes Ethereum different? to me what makes Ethereum different and a lot more attractive as a product for one thing You know we get we we have a track record a you know a github history of Going through planning and executing even if we're doing it faster than a lot of people You know think we should even if they're calling it unsafe we you know go fast and we get things done We have a blockchain that works. It's getting battle tested. We've had multiple attacks and other Types of problems or issues on the blockchain that we've quickly overcome Through cohesiveness across multiple developer groups and multiple client groups that you know Generally wouldn't necessarily be friends We kind of all came out of the same mold and if you look on the left side, there is All the groups of dev con so at the very top left, there's dev con zero Middle is dev con one bottom is dev con two so you can see every dev con We're growing a number of developers and attendees. It's more than doubled every year dev con is our developer focused conference Super cool event like it's it's not one of those kind of events Where you go and it's all these businesses pitching stuff It's like super super technical protocol level bunch of really shy guys getting on stage and talking about what they've been doing for six months with No one around so Bottom right that's to me representative of the cross Application and cross blockchain Protocol support that we're trying to get into including snarks We're good friends with the Zcash team. We're good friends with IPFS We're good friends like we really have a really inclusive community like we are You know really happy to work with anyone who wants to further the decentralized nature of technologies and really push this movement forward and Then yeah top right is one of the meet-ups one of the more popular ones And in the middle we have doge theorem So that kind of shows that like if you go into the subreddit or if you see a lot of like what some of our You know a lot of the more prominent members of our community Jeff who's the go lead developer Vitalik some of the more famous trolls of Ethereum on Twitter. They're making jokes all the time That's a late. It's a laid-back environment. You have to get through with humor. Everything can't be super serious all the time So yeah We a lot of people in the a theory community really like doge and that to me that kind of shows a sense of Laid-backness a sense of you know being able to take humor and things and you can make jokes about state channels and make jokes About silly things going on in cryptocurrency battles and stuff So lastly there's a scavenger hunt. It's starting tomorrow. It's cross blockchain. It involves Ethereum Bitcoin Zcash and IPFS We're gonna be posting more about how to get involved in that It's going to be mostly digital, but there are some physical aspects. Don't worry. You're not gonna have to run You're not gonna have to go that far off-site. We can all still be lazy It's almost entirely digital and it involves a lot of Ethereum smart contracts and other components. There's a really cool Zcash method that J and Zuko and others are working on and helping with it's gonna be really really awesome So yeah, that is my presentation questions. Can that happen? Sweet anyone have questions? I'll change your mind. It's okay. There you go. Oh We a sir microphone or oh, yeah, so the question was am I gonna be posting the slides? Yep, I'll post on my Twitter and my website. I usually try to do that. So yeah, the slides will be I'm at Hudson Jamison and Hudson Jamison comm and Yeah, what other questions? Yeah, so I saw on one of your slides You're looking at advanced contract execution schemes I was just wondering if you could mention a bit more about that whether they'll show an on chain off chain It's gonna be a combination. So there's obviously things that everyone's heard about like state channels And that's gonna play a big part. There's a lot of cool projects that are outside of the Ethereum's core development including Raiden and Gollum, which are kind of Raiden is pretty much like lightning network style Implementation on top of Ethereum Gollum is a distributed computation Market so Both of those, you know powered by Ethereum at their core and then within the actual core protocol There was some stuff that you can't really do very well. So for instance a contract can't Hold its own ether and No a contract can't hold its own ether It can't like Execute and send that ether after the fact so you have to you have to poke it you have to say hey Do this function and you have to supply the transaction fees as the user Who it is either using the contract or who wants someone else to use the contract? So now with smart contracts paying their own fees It makes it a little bit easier for the user to not have to guess When they're going in and trying to initiate a smart contract and additionally It helps with you know Keeping that Nebulous part of what's the transaction fees going to be today put that on the smart contract developer and not the user Who doesn't want to do that? We want Ethereum to be behind the scenes You shouldn't know you're using Ethereum that this if this is in the real world It'll be a back-end system that's gonna you know connect everything we this we don't want it to interfere with the users We're gonna make it as user-friendly as we can next question The question was what kind of events trigger contract execution and what was it again? And the next version so Metropolis it's not there's not gonna be too many changes with that yet. It's more serenity So in serenity there might be a few in metropolis It's still a little bit up in the air because we're still finalizing our Ethereum improvement protocols around what we're going to complete but some of what's gonna happen there is the ability for smart contracts to be Their own it so right now we have user accounts and we have smart contracts and user accounts are people Contracts like they can't actually have their own code on there But we're gonna combine it so that everything is just a contract even like user accounts or contracts so in doing that you have better Execution to send a transaction and the contract take it and say Oh, I already have ether in my contract account so I can just provide the transaction fee and send it along Whereas before as a user I had to be like is this gonna be enough, you know ether or gas I'm sending to execute the transaction. I'm not sure Right now if you send if you you know talk to a contract and you don't put enough gas in which is our Basically our word for what runs the system. It's an abstraction of transaction costs If you don't put enough gas in it could just fail and it'll just do an out-of-gas error and return to you That's gonna help prevent those a lot more. Oh Microphone right there That's serenity, but it's going to be optional of course It's not we're not changing how we're doing our normal Ethereum management. I'm more Talking about the ability to take Ethereum's core code base and implement those kind of things easier. There's gonna be more Cryptographic things Cryptographic pre-compiles behind the scenes that would enable types of transactions like that Yep, so I think that's all my time Thank you all so much for listening to me and check out a lot of the Ethereum workshops we have going on We have deep dives a lot of cool people here interacting. Thank you