 The study examined whether injecting equine sperm-specific phospholipase C zeta, epulch, mRNA into mouse oocytes can improve their activation rate and subsequent embryonic development using inactivated spermatozoa. The optimal epulch mRNA concentration was found to be 0.1-ing slash L, which was 10 times stronger than mouse PLC zeta and PLC zeta, mRNA. While relatively normal blastocysts were obtained with the same developmental rate when inactive spermatozoa were injected into activated oocytes using epulch or MPLC zeta mRNA injection, the birth rate after embryo transfer was slightly but significantly decreased in oocytes activated by epulch mRNA compared to MPLC zeta mRNA or strontium treatment activation. The study suggests that the higher activation rate does not always correlate with the higher birth rate, and some mechanisms might exist in the oocyte activation process that could affect the later developmental stages like full-term development. This article was authored by Yunosuke Yamamoto, Naoki Hirose, Satoshi Kamamura, and others. We are article.tv. Links in the description below.