 Good morning everybody and welcome after that very prescriptive and stern warning on the rules to be followed Let me lighten the atmosphere a bit we're all teachers here and the Only objective behind Mukta statement was to ensure that we put ourselves as Eminently replicable role models to all of our students when we go back in India unfortunately Time is treated as an entity eternal and therefore There is not much belief and conviction in following minute nuances of exact timings for events to start and exact timings for events to end Sadly, this is not what the developed world follows And in fact one of the artistic of the development of human society is this pension for extreme social discipline While maintaining extreme form of self independence and freedom These are not contradictory Expectations these can be fulfilled. There are societies which are showing how they can be fulfilled in some respects We need to learn those things social discipline including sense of timing. I think is very essential and That is what we in our own small way try to ensure So forget the rules. It is just that we have to do it period not because somebody else is saying so But because we believe that we ought to do it I'm also happy to welcome a whole lot of Professors from Science stream. It's not very often that we do that most of our workshops in the past have been on technical subjects primarily relating to engineering education But in jing and science are two things which are inseparable as a matter of fact knowledge In fact cannot be divided surgically into different segments because the knowledge is an Indivisible entity So as I was saying we have sadly Although rightly divided knowledge into several segments in our own science and technical education We have several branches. We don't treat science as science alone We treat it as physics chemistry maths biology, whatever whatever We treat engineering as civil engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering And yet we all realize that there's not a single real-world problem Which we train our students to solve comes with a nice tag Saying I'm an electrical engineering problem or I'm a physics problem or I'm a finance problem The real world simply says I'm a problem. Solve me and that is what we expect our students to do. Sadly our training while exquisite has not adequately succeeded in telling our students to think holistically and to solve problems Taking knowledge from all different domains. These domains are essential because the fast-growing body of knowledge requires That you can you cannot handle that knowledge if it is mixed with every other. So you need segmentation But you also need a holistic integration at some point We do believe that a part of our activity as teachers is not only to do justice to the topic that we are dealing with But also related to the other topics other domains and other fields So that some part of holistic education is served by whatever we tell our students a Brief about these teachers training program. Although you may be aware of major details We started Synchronous distance education from nineteen ninety eight ninety nine after some experimentation and from the year 2000 formally We use v-sats to connect to multiple remote centers I recall we had four remote centers at that time first time and the v-sats introduced a whole lot of delay in any audio visual interaction that we had Subsequently our sister institution Amruta University developed a software called a view which we started using for Interaction and delivering live interactive lectures using internet in the year 2008 we were requested by the Ministry of HRD Whether we can scale up the teachers training program at that time we proposed that we can train up to 1,000 teachers at a time Which was a novel idea the traditional workshops as all of you know many of you would have attended IST or AICT workshops like that or UGC workshops two week workshops are generally conducted at a single place four or five expert faculty engage about 40 to 50 teachers who undergo an extensive training and these 40 50 teachers are supposed to then take that knowledge Add to it by their own work and expose it to students that has been the normal traditional teacher training program It was very obvious that such programs will not do when the nation suddenly ballooned its existing Colleges from about 200 to 4500 approximately as of yesterday evening every day more colleges are being added Given the propensity of students wanting to do technical courses Fortunately that number by the way has stabilized only about 1.25 million students are seeking admission to engineering colleges every year for last three years Although the number of engineering colleges continue to grow and therefore the number of vacant seats in engineering keep increasing Which is a very artificial thing. Anyway, I digress the point is these Roughly five million students at the undergraduate level and a very large number at the postgraduate level demands an adequate number of teachers And you would agree that many of the teachers in most of our science and engineering colleges are not necessarily adequately experienced or even adequately qualified in most advanced countries PhD is a minimum requirement for anyone to become a teacher It is still not so in India. It was not so for many years by When I joined this institute as a teacher I had just an M. Tech degree and that is because in those days in computer science. You did not have PhDs In fact, when I joined as a teacher along with some younger colleagues My other colleagues from other departments used to laugh at us saying unparred log. I had him a part of it Because it was considered that unless you have a PhD you are nobody I Used to remind them that ten years earlier their departments were exactly in the similar situation Where many people were doing PhDs while they were teaching just as we did Fortunately the times have changed but Unfortunately the facilities and opportunities have not yet become adequate for our young teachers to both acquire their PhD degrees and to continue doing research while serving in a majorly educational institution. Now that dilemma will be sorted out independently, but the fact remains that both for emerging pedagogy of teaching and for addition of knowledge that happens in every subject It is important that adequate training programs be conducted for teachers and to serve the large number of teachers We initiated the scheme. The idea was that we have would establish a few remote centers. We established about 30 remote centers Participating teachers in these workshops will assemble at each of the remote centers Where interactive lectures will be delivered from IIT Bombay in the morning sessions and in the afternoon session under the leadership of a coordinator 30-40 teachers at each remote center will engage in tutorials, laboratory sessions, discussions, etc. That model succeeded well because we also insisted on one more thing Many people told us the Extensive lectures interactive lectures would be delivered by the great faculty or the great experts. So that is fine But how do you ensure that the afternoon sessions are conducted with the same rigor and with the same pinch and for quality as is expected to be done if they have come to IIT Bombay and That is where we based our faith on the workshop coordinators who are local expert teachers teaching that subject To take the mental on our behalf and that is when we started conducting the coordinators workshop This is one such coordinator So you now know what is cut out for you you come here spend a week with us It is not a one-way traffic You will interact with us telling us the problem that you face while teaching this subject The lab issues that you have or anything else the syllabus that you teach the exams that you conduct our colleagues will tell you the way the subject is taught at IIT and some other well-known places and The way they would like to conduct the main training two months later when that happens in December But the point is that you will be required to undergo Exactly same rigorous training as you and we together wish our Participating teachers to under because each one of us as you know is a perpetual student And it is useful to submit ourselves as student of a particular topic if you want to teach it better That is how we all learn any This model succeeded we got very good feedback from people and in the year 2012 we are requested whether we can scale it up further By an order of magnitude. So we perceived this T10 KT program Thanks to Prasakannan who is here. He was my copia. He'll speak to you later about several other mission projects But this trend ten thousand teachers at a time is a very massive program Attempts to engage up to ten thousand teachers. It does not mean that exactly ten thousand teachers in most of our workshops The teachers participating have been numbering around anywhere between three thousand to seven thousand which itself is an extraordinarily large We believe that globally there is no comparable program anywhere else in the world and we're quite proud of running it very successfully Thanks to a large team of People who help us running this program and a large number of faculty members who are willing to go out of their way To give their time energy to conduct this program. You will be spending one week here Professor Dipan Ghosh and Professor Shubh Rasad This sea of my colleagues will be engaging with you. They will speak to you later about the courses But let me just very briefly tell you about The stalwarts that we have amongst our myths Dipan is my contemporary my senior of course with my contemporary I still fondly remember early 70s when we used to play a bridge in a staff hostel room and since then There is one common thing between him and me which is very curious in the last 15 20 years Whenever we meet our alumni our students anywhere in the world Whenever I meet them, they will fondly remember me for teaching them CS 101 and Enquire equally fondly about Dipan Ghosh who taught them PH 101. Two of us have had this Amazing passion to engage young students to teach the fundamental courses He's a stalwart and I'm grateful to him for having agreed to come and join us in spite of the fact that he has formally retired now, right? Yes Professor Shiv Prasad is an equal stalwart again passionate about training young people in basics Both of them by the way have been amazing administrators as well and have handled many a great Responsibilities, but their penchant for teaching Perpetually remains with us and I'm thankful to both these senior colleagues for having agreed to participate in this workshop There's a third colleague of ours Prasad is not here because he has his regular course exam and as you know a teacher will not miss any Engagement that is required. I must digress and tell you that I have heard that in many colleges Lectures are often not held in time and sometimes not held at all Now by the way, this is unheard of in IIT Bombay simply unheard of I've been teaching here for 45 years I have not seen a single semester not starting on the appointed day and not ending on the appointed I have not seen a lecture announced at 8 30 not starting at 8 30 If there are extinguishes the teachers will announce her replacement and will conduct those lectures to replace that Occasionally requesting colleagues to take care of why I say this is that while we may be teaching physics or electrical engineering or computer science They're also teaching our students some values They're also teaching us to some disciplines and this has to be part and parcel of our ethos So the first request I would make by the way is when those teachers assemble at your place If you say 9 o'clock, you will start sharp at 9 o'clock not at 1 minute past 9 Please mark my words not at 1 minute past 9 that is very very critical very very important because Many of these 35 40 teachers will come to your remote centers may not be used to such time discipline at all And it's very very important because when you do it, they will remember when they go back after two weeks So this model as I was telling you continued successfully In fact, we extended the number of remote centers from 30 40 to about 300. We actually invited applications through newspaper advertisements But what has happened is a large number of applications are still pending from the southern states Whereas several northern states have not yet found it fit to apply We wanted to extend the number of remote centers to 500 With knowing fully well that not in every subject you would have a local expert Available to become the workshop coordinator and therefore the number of participating Coordinators or remote centers in any workshop will always be less than what you have total number So we have 300 numbers as you can see we are about 170 140 140 remote centers which are represented here But you will agree that even 140 is a good number and if 30 to 50 teachers Assemble at each of your place you will be actually doing a great service to the colleague teachers in our community The idea is that whatever you train them for should not only be on how to teach physics well Although that's the primary objective But also how to teach well in the 21st century This century has Started with some very disruptive ideas in education Many of you would be familiar with the conventional e-learning techniques and the tools that are often used I do not know in your colleges whether you use some of these tools such as Moodle or Sakai anybody who is familiar with Moodle here One two three four five. Oh large number. I'm very happy We extensively use Moodle our course administration will simply collapse if Moodle is not available Although Moodle is good. It is not good enough for what further things are happening Increasingly it is believed that our conventional lineup of courses Which span a semester or a year are not probably the right things to do Giving lectures as the main mechanism of teaching is absolutely not the right thing to do Now this might come as shocking but Increasingly people have come to believe those who have tried what was called flip classroom Those of you are familiar with the flip classroom would know for others I would like to explain that with the availability of digital technology large servers storage and excess It is now possible to pre-record your lectures and keep them in some common server such as Moodle Then you can ask your students to view those lectures ahead of coming to the class and convert the entire class engagement into a discussion session So basically what you deliver a lecture in the classroom is now done at homes or hostels and What people do at homes and hostels namely solving problems and discussing they do it in the classroom and this is called the flip class There are many teachers in IIT Bombay who have been routinely teaching their courses in a flip classroom fashion Professor Kannan pioneered that about six years ago. There have been research studies I have personally done that for a large course CS 101 equivalent to PH 101 and what we have found Absolutely impeccably through proper research and measurement that the students engagement level with the course increases from an average 45 percent to average 80 percent and This is universal finding Unfortunately, we while we hear these things We are not ready to embrace these things because we are never taught it like our concept of teaching is giving a lecture Surely if there is an extremely good lecture that you deliver You can actually retain attention of all your students for one full hour But you would agree that to consistently guarantee doing so throughout the semester for every lecture that you deliver is not easy And to do so for every student is still more difficult Students in fact panic after 10 15 minutes Then that is why we take a stock of situation often Kaka joke or ask some question or something like that because that is what the attention span of students is The point is that these discussion sessions will become increasingly the way of teaching in the 21st century Massive open online courses actually exploit the fact that students would learn more by attempting to solve problems and Instead of human discussions. They provide Discussion forum in the digital form where people interact with each other We have been adopting MOOCs on a large scale. We've been working for it for last three years This year at the beginning of the year we launched IIT Bombay X which is the extension MOOCs program for IIT Bombay through which we deliver courses But I have always believed and so have many of us that Teachers in their physical form and presence will remain eternally important for effective learning and that is because human interaction is a very Fundamental important element in any learning that happens among our students It may be because of the large practice for last several centuries, but that is how it is In fact, even in real life, we learn through association people from our mentors from our seniors from our parents from our colleagues, etc It is therefore essential that our teachers not only adequately Equip themselves with the letters that is happening in the topic that they teach But they also equip themselves with the new technologies which are emerging which the modified pedagogies Which are essentially related to these technologies and actually start experimenting and using To experiment with Adapting these massive open online courses with the conventional education IIT Bombay started an experiment with about 50 Remote centers which are autonomous institutions These have agreed for three of the courses that IIT Bombay offers to take these courses as MOOCs courses for their students So their students will study from both online courses and will also study face-to-face Where those teachers are encouraged to use this flip classroom The main point is that at the end of this semester These students will receive their official university grade which will be a composite grade Formed out of the marks scored in the local assessment and marks scored in the MOOCs That is a unique effort again globally although individual universities have tried MOOCs for adopting grades in their own local setting Such a large number of independent institutions coming together and agreeing to adapt marks Please note the the fact that each one of these is a Independent autonomous institution. So each institution decides the percentage weightage to be given to the MOOCs marks 20 percent 30 percent 50 percent whatever depending upon what they perceive as overlap and useful We'll be publishing the results and findings of this experiment by this December when we would know for sure exactly how it has been meaningful But most probably from next year onwards and hopefully by then SMIME would also be launched This would be a mechanism to be adopted by most teachers in some way or the other I have spent majority of my time in talking about these is that this is the way to go forward Conventional teaching is not dead, but will become passe unless we augment it with both the use of modern technology And the use of appropriate methodology to adopt that model in the concluding remarks I would say that very recently as of day for yesterday in our teachers day celebration I just suddenly realize I am a 21st century educator So those slides are trying to describe what I should be and I was trying to examine whether I am that person And I found out some similarity Because fortunately I am in an environment like IIT Bombay which has permitted me to do unlimited experimentation in teaching But some inadequacies as well All of you I believe have a Moodle account for this workshop I will be posting that link on the Moodle with the permission of our co-ordinators I would suggest that whenever you get an opportunity do look at it It is not exactly that what we ought to become, but it's a very very What should I say I opening set of slides It reminds us of what we ought to be in the 21st century as educators I do believe in most of what has been written I would urge you to read that and I would urge you to start thinking reflecting upon it and adopting whatever you Think is appropriate and correct. I will also say in conclusion that This is the last Workshop that we are conducting in the conventional mode that we established in 2009 namely Two weeks of extensive face-to-face training for the teachers For the last one and a half year. We have been experimenting with a partial online partial face-to-face training program We have conducted jointly also with IIT Kharagpur also has conducted separately IIT Kharagpur Incidentally is our partner in this detainee program We have conducted a workshop where the two-week activity for the participating teachers into is split in two parts The one part is face-to-face which is a one-week duration, but before that the first part Sprays that one week equivalent of workshop work into an online work to be completed over five or six physical weeks The idea is that every participating teacher does one day equivalent of Workshop work full day one full day workshop work in a week's time as per the availability of time Sunday Monday Tuesday Well, they work and this is done currently on Moodle It will now be done in the IIT Bombay X platform the MOOCs platform The idea is that for that during that one week the participating teachers Will see exactly the same video recorded lecture that they would have seen live otherwise But they will have additional practice problems and a quiz to answer every teacher will have a quiz They will do that week after week after week for about five to six weeks And then they will assemble for face-to-face interaction in three workshops Which you have conducted in this mode we have found that although the physical duration of interaction of face-to-face Learning or face-to-face training is collapsed into only one week that one week has turned out to be qualitatively far different because the teachers who come to that week are already prepared because of work that they have done This also significantly reduces the cost Incidentally the approved cost for conducting a two-week training program under a ICT is roughly 12,000 to 14,000 rupees When we started our 10,000 teachers program, we reduced the cost to 9,000 rupees When we proposed 10,000 teachers program, we said the cost would be less than 6,500 rupees. We actually been able to conduct these programs at a cost of about 6,200 With the further reduction in the face-to-face time the cost can be reduced about 3,500 rupees This of course presupposes an additional cost of establishment and infrastructure at IIT, Mumbai and IIT Kharagpur The costs are important because eventually we have to Subsist with these trainings on our own So we have started a self-funding model Where the first workshop under the self-funding model will be conducted in December in effective communications And in that model we will conduct the co-ordinators workshop But we will not give any honorarium or any TA-DA to any participant Participants will pay a charge of about 1,000 rupees for that one-week interaction plus they will bear their own expenses of travel food I was just talking to a ICT chairman who is actually making training mandatory For all science and engineering teachers in the country to understand the MOOCs methodology and how to adopt MOOCs for their training And also appropriate use of MOOCs in their own subjects that are taught Some credits are being recommended to be adopted by the university every semester and so on Which means that the need for training teachers will become more massive However, we believe that the teachers seeing the value in such training will be willing to shell out money either on their own Or their institutions where they work will do that and hopefully will continue this on a massive scale So with this I will say that this I It is my privilege to welcome you to the Last training program of its kind with which we started in 2009 The training programs will continue But these training programs shall now be properly dubbed as 21st century training programs with a very large percentage of Use of technology in both the co-ordinators workshops and the main workshops Meanwhile You are most welcome to enjoy your stay here interact with everybody interact with all of us Again, I will repeat. Please don't treat this as a any kind of one-way traffic We are all teachers here and we are as eager to learn from you as you are eager to learn from this environment Let us make this Effort Not only a very enjoyable a very fruitful effort where at the end of seven days all of you are very clear On what you are going to do when you go back just remember one thing Professor Deepan Ghosh, Prasateesh or Prasad Shuprasad Will not be physically present in any one of the remote centers. They'll be physically present here You will be there direct representatives in your remote centers So, please remember that those 30 40 50 teachers who assemble at your place They will try to see in you a Deepan Ghosh. They'll try to see in you a Shuprasad Let me tell you if I were to take that responsibility I would be very very careful. It is not easy to step into their shoes. They're not just Talbers They're not just passionate. They're extremely diligent and They work harder than most of the young people I have seen work Now that is the role you have to fulfill at your respective places Please remember that for those 50 teachers you are IIT Bombay you are the corner and We would expect you to imbibe this particular sense in you when you leave this place because after all all those teachers are coming Partly because they wish to learn physics partly because they want to have a training certificate But also partly because they're eager to see what happens in a place like IIT Bombay And you are the direct representatives of IIT Bombay in this workshop. Please help us maintain absolutely top-class stuff Although we may not be a developer, but I do not see any reason why we cannot conduct our training programs Exactly as well as MIT or Stanford could conduct is entirely possible. It's possible because of all of you. Thank you so much God bless you