 Since the topic was so broad, I thought that I could say anything which would fit this broad topic. So yesterday we had a pretty broad discussion on global economic governance reforms. So since this was about the role of the international community, but what the international community can do, I thought maybe should talk a little bit more about the action rather than about broad frameworks. So in doing so, I want to focus on how we can better address together shocks that particularly affect agricultural livelihoods. And of course I want to talk about that particular aspect since I'm receiving an income from the Food and Agriculture Organization. But before getting to the precise shocks and what we can do about it, it's important to put it in the broader perspective of what challenges we're facing for securing food security for future generations and also for the current generations, also particularly in the context of environmental constraints. I think the first main challenge is to be able to sustainably meet growing food demand. We have still a bit of a population explosion in front of us with 2 billion more people being added to the world population over the next 35 years. Both of them will be living in cities, which also creates, together with income growth, creates large changes in food demands, particularly towards a way from staple crops, towards more fruits, vegetables and particularly meats, which are more resource intensive. Now we estimate, our latest estimates, that food demand will increase from present levels by about 50% over the next 35 years. That seems like a very achievable target, so to speak, if we look at the past history since, take the previous 40 years, the world's more or less tripled food production. So another 50% should not be a major challenge. But it is because in the past, a lot of the food expansion, the expansion of food production came from expanding land and extensive use of natural resources, where in most regions, the limits of expanding them have been reached or would be too costly to put into agricultural production. The challenge is how to do that, how to be able to feed the overall world population through more sustainable means of production, more intensive use of the existing natural resources. Now out of that, and with increasing urbanization, what we should expect to see is a lot more competition for natural resources, lands, water, forest and so on. Out of that, we should expect to see possible conflicts emerging moving forward if we don't manage them properly. Likewise, access to food will remain challenging, even though we have seen a lot of reduction in our measure of malnutrition or undernourishment because of improvement in access, but still a lot of the poor and food insecure live in remote rural areas with also difficulties in improving their income situation in order to access food. So unless we address the structural problems around access to food will be difficult to achieve the global targets of ending hunger by 2013. We're facing already many countries, a triple burden of malnutrition, still undernourishment, two billion people around the world with a lack of micronutrients, more than two billion people overweight, obese with enormous risk of additional health risks around the world. And all of that is associated with dietary changes, changing food patterns, which I mentioned before, which is also increasing the pressures on natural resources. We have to face up with climate change, which may affect the sustainable increases, and as well as what I will talk about a little bit more, transboundary past the diseases, some of which aren't being enhanced by the effects of climate change. So there's all kinds of risks there, and on top of that, there's enormous social aspects that emanate from agriculture, where we need to increase productivity, particularly areas where most of the population growth will take place in Africa and South Asia, out of which employment challenges emerge, particularly with enormous youth bulbs in those countries that are still growing, particularly in Africa, with very little opportunities for employment in non-agriculture sectors. So the question is to what extent can agriculture in part help absorb that growing labor force in order to avoid, what we say, a lot more migration that emerges out of the distress and will put pressure on other parts of the system. So I'm not going to dwell on any of these challenges, but what we'll dwell on is a bit more how we can address the challenges coming from protected crisis, natural disasters, and conflict situations that could set back the progress you can make on all these other fronts in trying to improve food security and moving forward, particularly because, well, one thing we see is that countries that are in protected crisis tend to have three times higher levels of prevalence of food insecurity and malnutrition, but also are more likely to have enormous setbacks in their development and putting additional pressure on the tensions that I mentioned before. So let me dwell a bit on those issues, to see what action can be undertaken to mitigate the effects, the risks, and out of that also get more structural progress moving forward. As FEO, among the shocks that we're trying to address and that affect agriculture livelihoods, there's a whole range of shocks, and particularly when they come together, we call them protected crisis because then typically the impacts last much longer. So let me address some of these challenges. We take natural resource hazards, natural hazards, climate-related disasters. We see an increased frequency, intensity, and impact, particularly weather-related disasters, and most of these primarily affect agricultural sectors and agricultural livelihoods. Over the past decades, we see that 80 percent of these disasters rate to climate, that agriculture sectors bear a large share of the cost up to 25 percent, a lot of the other costs tend to go into infrastructure, in the case of drought, when infrastructure is not as much affected than 80 percent is carried by agriculture sectors alone. This has also a major source of displacement of people on average over the past years, we've seen more than 20 million people being displaced just because of natural disasters. But it mentions protected crisis and conflicts, also there we see them intensifying, and most of the conflicts are being fought in rural areas, thereby also directly affecting agricultural livelihoods. Important there is that if we don't address them properly, you see protected crises relapse, even if the countries grow out of it, they relapse within 10 years unless the structural causes are being addressed. Last year, because of crisis and conflict, we had 65 million people broad estimates displaced because of that, and a lot of these people are being displaced for long periods of time. So these shocks again affect food security and agricultural livelihoods. Lastly, we see also an increasing tendency of more outbreaks of trans-boundary animal plant disease, plants, pests and diseases, some of them compounded by effects of climate change or warmer temperatures, but also of lack of control among, in on farms and in food chains. And that's affecting a lot of agricultural livelihoods and for individual farmers, those can be devastating if you get a locus plague or wheat rust, it can devastate your entire harvest and sometimes for more than one season. So what are we trying to do as FVO with partners? And I think that we're in the area of resilience building. We see a lot of partnerships emerging both across UN agencies and our partners link to the World Food Program, but also other parts of the UN system, but more importantly also engagement with underground NGOs that try to build resilience, as well as the private sector when it comes to combating plant diseases and trans-boundary animal diseases. So we have a focus on four areas of action. One is to prepare governments and national stakeholders better to be prepared to address the risk. We see still too much that governments and other actors come into action once the crisis is already there. So what it means is trying to have built in disaster risk reduction strategies into national agriculture policies and rural development policies. Likewise to be prepared to address the possible outbreak of animal diseases and so on to have an immediate response capacity. But most importantly is to build the connection between emergency relief action and development action and that's a particular challenge that we see. I'll come back to that point to the end. Second area of intervention that can be extremely effective if you have the resources you put it best in place is what we call watch to safeguard, which is early warning systems that are not just alarming, but also are directly connected how to get into action once you see a problem emerging. So we have early warning systems that relate to the outbreaks of animal diseases, the possible outbreak of plant diseases, have an integrated phase classification system that is built up from assessment of multiple stakeholders, how possible outbreaks of foods, insecurity situations, famines could be early identified in order to come to early action. Likewise on food prices, we have a system and on resilience measurement which tries to identify what are the factors that determine the degree of resilience of individual households to be able to respond to a shock in order to identify if that those indicators of resilience fall that something needs to be done in order to prevent the next shock to become catastrophic for large groups of households. Then applying the third area risk and vulnerability measures that can range from agricultural interventions when it comes to greater resistance to natural shocks, natural disaster shocks, for instance like putting in agroforestry techniques into place which provides more protection against windbreaks or connected windbreaks that can avoid soil erosion and can retain more water in the ground if applied properly. Those lot of those practices also link to what we call climate smart agriculture that if put in place they can help protect against the shocks of natural disasters as well as prepare for an adapt to the consequences of climate change. And then put into the capacity what we call prepare and respond to crisis is to have actions in place that could immediately respond to crisis where it comes, it could be food reserves, the seed reserves, fishery emergency protection if the emergencies are in fisheries and likewise for livestock. So these are sets of interventions that we put in practice with governments with stakeholders on the ground and with international partners in order to try and be better prepared for natural disaster can affect rural livelihoods. These are consistent with international policy responses. There's the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction, the Paris Agreement on Climate Change if we make true that also has clear indications how to address extreme weather events and align the climate action as related to agriculture also with better preparedness for those crisis potential crisis. And then our committee for World Food Security has an action plan for addressing protected crisis and safeguards and food security and nutrition during and after crisis. And we have a one health program which is one health for animal health and human health particularly to have a responsible character that animal health diseases don't affect also human health. So we have the frameworks in place, we have the partnerships in place yet we should fear a lot more outbreaks of crisis simply because the capacity is still limited, we've seen that with the Ebola crisis, WHO had disinvested in their emergency responses and also as FEO we had to gear up back up to be able to respond quickly. So there's still capacity constraints there, part of that has to do with how development aids comes, a lot of humanitarian aids is being provided and has increased but when it comes to specific attention which is relevant to this context but it could be other sectors, attention for agriculture has decreased which limits the capacity to align humanitarian assistance with development assistance. So principle should be all become one pot of money but the way humanitarian aid comes is very specific for specific types of actions and not easy to divert into longer term development efforts. There will be other challenges but one thing that we're looking at at the moment and I'll conclude with that is particularly development dilemmas that may emerge in crisis, in conflict situations. A lot of the action we try to aim at is to protect livelihoods, improve animal health where people live of livestock, which can be a good way to build resilience in conflict situations but the dilemma sometimes is there it can also become a source of igniting further the conflict, as we see it in South Sudan where livestock is the main agriculture assets most rural households have so by making the livestock more healthy we've also seen that becomes a pray for the rebels in order to plunder the assets of vulnerable rural households so and there are similar examples from given Syria where we also try to provide aid. We have to look at those dilemma very carefully that we protect rural livelihoods and out of that and that's why it's so important to line these immediate called emergency responses with broader development efforts such that also the root causes of the conflict will disappear. So let me stop here on hopefully a bit of a positive note how things can come together in order to build more resilience and stave off crisis but at the same time emphasize that we have not solved those problems yet and a lot more needs to be done. Thank you.