 Dear students, in this topic we shall discuss the hormones of neurohypophysis i.e. the hormones of posterior lobe of pituitary. The posterior lobe of pituitary is also called neurohypophysis or PERS nervosa. It stores and releases two hormones, the anti-diuretic hormone ADH and oxytocin. Both these hormones are peptides containing 9 amino acid residues. The ADH and oxytocin are synthesized and packaged in the cell bodies of two groups of neuro-security cells of the anterior portion of hypothalamus. These neuro-secretary cells are the supra-optic nuclei and para-ventricular nuclei. After their synthesis, these hormones are transported within the axons of hypothelmo-hypofysyl tract, i.e. from the hypothalamus, the nerve tract that is coming into neuro-hypofysyl is released along the tract or transported. After the transport, they are released by the nerve terminals in the posterior pituitary where they are released into the capillary bed that contains the blood. The anti-diuretic hormone promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys. As a result, it decreases urine volume. By these processes, it helps to regulate the osmolarity of blood. It also acts as a vasoconstrictor, increasing the arterial blood pressure. For this reason, it is named as vasopressin. Now we shall discuss the functions of oxytocin. Oxytocin memles are the most important function of oxytocin, which is the uterine contraction during childbirth. After childbirth, the milk ejection from the mammary gland is also controlled by oxytocin, which is its second most important function. In addition to this, there are some auxiliary functions, i.e., it functions in the regulation of mood and sexual arousal, both in males and females. Verses in which the process of parturation or milk production is not present, oxytocin is present and there are eight functions in reproduction in the motility of oviduct.