 Next you write down Graham's law of diffusion, diffusion or diffusion, write down in this. Definition of diffusion you write down. It is a tendency of any gas to occupy the available volume. Next time it occurs in solid and liquid as well. Solid and liquid as well as in gases, but the rate is maximum for gaseous molecule, faster. Rate means per unit time. If I talk about rate, like you see, what is the definition of speed? It is the rate of change of distance, rate of change of distance. Distance per unit time is speed, displacement per unit time is velocity. Rate of change of displacement is velocity. Whenever we have rate, we calculate per unit time. Rate of any reaction is the rate of change of concentration of that reactant or product. Rate of diffusion is at which the process is taking place. Suppose the gas is moving from high to low pressure zone. At what speed, at what phase the process is taking place? That is the rate of that process. Next write down. It can also be defined as the intensity of gaseous molecule to move from high pressure to low pressure until the partial pressure becomes equal until the partial pressure becomes equal. Next line. The rate of diffusion or effusion. So, but here partial pressure means the partial pressure of each container. Partial pressure means the gaseous particle that is moving, pressure of that gaseous part. Suppose in we have a container connected like this. Basically the pressure of each container is the same. Note each container we cannot. Suppose A and B to mixture we have here. A and B will have here also. So, A particles moves towards B, high to low pressure. According to the partial pressure of A in this container and in this. Suppose B pressure is more here, less over here, then B moves from this side to this side. According to its pressure. A pressure more here, less here, then A moves from this side to this side. High pressure to low pressure. The partial pressure of each gas in each container becomes equal. No, whatever the gas is diffusing, pressure of that gas. Okay, pressure of that gas. Obviously, when you have mixture like this, then we have to see the total pressure here and total pressure here. According to that the gaseous particles moves from this side to this side. In the reverse. But if only one of them is there. Only one of them is there, then the pressure of that gas. Okay, that is what it means. Actually, diffusion and infusion are actually the same thing. There is no, like if you have numerical question, then there is no difference in calculating the rate of diffusion or rate of infusion. Definition is a bit different. Infusion is what? If you have, suppose if you have a tube, right, in which the air is present, filter completely. When you make a small hole into that, the air particles comes out, right. That is the process of infusion. Okay. But when it burst, that is diffusion. Bursting is diffusion. You see, infusion is, the movement of gaseous particles, gaseous molecules, small hole or tiny hole. So puncture is, puncture is diffusion. A small hole. Bursting is diffusion. Okay. Sir, this is diffusion. So this small thing is diffusion. This is diffusion. Movement of gaseous particles goes through a tiny hole. Sir, the bulb is diffusion. Wait, sir. Sir, what is the bulb? It is tiny hole. Sir, bulb is diffusion. Actually... Ah. Yeah, that is what I am saying. Yes, bulb. Sir, the bulb is diffusion. Bulb. Bulb question. No, no, no. See, if we have a balloon. Okay. Assume you have a balloon. Okay. It has a small hole in it. Sir, the gaseous particles are diffusion. No, sir, he is asking that example. No, this is not diffusion. This is a mixing of gaseous. Sir, this is a small hole. Yes. Small hole. Small particle. No, that is, it is connected with a tube, right? And the gas is partly from this side to this side. This I explained when the pressure of that particular gaseous here is considering. High to low pressure. Right? But suppose you have a balloon, right? If you make a hole in the balloon, small hole in the page, the gaseous particles come out. That is diffusion. But when you burst it, that is diffusion. Diffusion is a very important example. When you mark, cook in the kitchen, you know, you get the, you know, the perfume fragrance that you get. That is also diffusion. Right? Burst it. It moves through the air. No, burst it. It's something like, from one particular container, the gaseous molecules are going out here. So when you make a small hole, the particles come out to that, right? So one by one, they are moving. But when you burst it, all of a sudden they are diffusing. But diffusion rate is a bit faster than diffusion. The only difference we have is definition. Diffusion is the movement of gaseous particles from a tiny hole. Diffusion is what the burst is. It moves part another way. The fragrance of perfume. Right here. Given in the kitchen experiment. That is also diffusion. Okay. Diffusion rate, rate of, right on next slide, rate of diffusion. Diffusion or effusion. It is inversely proportional to the square root of density. Density of the gaseous particle, which is diffusing or diffusing. Okay? Okay. Rate you see, this is the relation we have, experimental relation. Rate we can define in many different ways. And it is equals to the volume diffused per unit time. In terms of volume, we can define volume diffused per unit time. We can also define the number of moles diffused per unit time, or we can also define distance driven or distance per unit time. In terms of distance, in terms of moles, in terms of volume, we can define the rate. So, any one of this relation you can use according to the given question. Suppose the first one we see, if we say, for two gasses, for two gasses equal volume, diffuses, diffuses in different time. Suppose we have gas A and its V volume diffuses in time T volume. Gas B is again V volume because equal volume we have diffuses in time T. So, rate of A, rate of diffusion of A is equals to V divided by T1, right? And rate of V is what? V divided by T2, okay? If I take the ratio of these two, rate of A divided by rate of V is equals to root over of density of B by density of A, which is again equals to this volume and this volume gets cancelled. So, we will write T2 by T. So, we will have relation of time from this. The question is, if it is after what time the same volume diffuses? So, T2 you have to find out, according to density we can say, okay? Even this we can relate with the moles and distance of. So, this we can write what? The number of moles of A and B. The number of moles of A and B and then distance. Okay? Case two you write down. Case two you write down. If the different value of volume of two gasses diffuses in same time. If the different volume of two gasses diffuses in same time. So, rate we can write, rate of diffusion R of A by R of B. Volume is same, right? Different volume. V1 by, so it is VA by VB. Is it possible we can write root of R? VB by T. Time is saviour, so T will get cancelled, volume will be that. Okay? If I say equal number of moles diffuses in different time, then also we will get this. If we have different number of moles diffuses, then there will be NA by NB also we can write that side. Means whatever the question is there according to that we will write down the expression, right?