 Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem, my name is Muhammad Jahangir and I am starting this new course Anatical Chemistry and Instrumentation. In chemistry, whatever you are working on, synthesizing, manufacturing, you have to use your analytical skills to determine your product or to analyze your results. If you fail to determine the attribute of your product, it is impossible to create good results. If you fail to evaluate your product, it is impossible to maintain the quality or specifications. If you fail to maintain the quality, definitely you simply spoil your product or synthesizing method. In analytical work, we have to focus on three things, analyst, equipment and methods. And to have to have good quality results, we must have trained analyst, calibrated equipment and validated testing methods. Anatical chemistry is basically a study of testing methods for determining composition of substances. This determination may be limited to determine attribute of the product, means qualitative analysis, or we have to quantify the quantity of the substances, that's called quantitation or quantification. Chemical analysis include any aspect of chemical characterization starting from collection of sample to extraction, sample preparation and evaluation of data, etc. Qualitative analysis is detection and may be identification. As a sample contains substance X, we need to answer some small questions. For example, we need to know if there are pesticide residues or not in our product, this is a qualitative analysis. In this way, we need to identify which pesticide residues are present in our product. How much is the microbial load in our product, this is a qualitative analysis and which microbes are found, their identification is also qualitative. In quantitation, we know their quantity, i.e. the number of colony forming units, number of colony forming bacteria, this is quantification, or if there are pesticide residues, then what is their quantity, it is known as quantification. Another technique in analytical chemistry that we need to use is separation techniques. Before starting this work, we need to prepare our sample for analysis. In this sample preparation, we need different types of analytical techniques or separation techniques. For example, if we are doing water testing, the amount of pesticide residues will be very less in the water. We will first need to enrich, we will need to prepare our sample, otherwise if we want to do analysis on the sample, then you will not know the quantity. This limitation is our technique for which we first prepare the sample. So, different kind of separation techniques are there, like solvent extraction, like solid phase extraction, like chromatography, sometimes use column chromatography as separation technique. In the next two slides, we will take an overview on the quality control, the process or analytical techniques that we use in the field. Quality control is required for the process industry. Any kind of process industry, whether it is making paint, pharmaceutical or food products or manufacturing, even heavy machinery industry, quality control test is also required. And in these three stages, we use quality control or analytical techniques in a raw material testing, second in process or intermediate testing and third in finished product testing, the product that has been prepared or has gone to the market to do the testing. Second place is environmental analysis, effluent water testing, waste water testing, stack emissions or gases that are coming out of the industry, we use them to do the analysis. The most commonly encountered studies, we use them to do the analysis of our blood, urine and your body fluids, in which we want to measure the nutrients, most of the time we want to do the evaluation of some drug or microbes in all the products. Fourth thing is geological analysis, i.e. in the soil, there is an analysis of materials or in the soil, there is an analysis of oil and gas traces, for this we use our analytical skills and we also need analysis for fundamental and applied research. Anything, when you prepare, manufacture, synthesis, in organic chemistry or in organic chemistry, then we need to know the quantity of the material, how much raw material has been consumed, what are the attributes of the products, what is their quality, so for all this activity we will use different kinds of analytical skills. Next slides which we will present next time, we will talk about different steps which we will use for analysis.