 And then in this short video we're going to talk about fever, so everyone knows what a fever is, an elevated body temperature, as far as its functions it appears that raising the core temperature has a couple of functions, number one it does appear to help your white blood cells kill pathogens better, and number two I think it's just because your metabolism is increasing because you're cloning and cloning millions of cells, and number three bacteria generally have pretty narrow ranges of optimal growth temperatures especially. So if you increase the temperature it is believed that our cells can function at that slightly elevated temperature better than bacteria can for example. So those are the reasons fever are valuable, of course they can get extremely dangerous and we need to control them in some situations, they can lead to febrile seizures or even death, so fevers can be a serious problem and sometimes pathogens will actually create what are known as super antigens that actually cause a fever to become harmful. So it's not always good, but those are the reasons we believe a fever is beneficial. Alright let's talk about how fevers actually occur. So the hypothalamus which to me is the homeostatic control center of the human body is what generally controls your thermostat, your core temperature. So a fever is going to involve chemicals that are going to up-regulate that core temperature, they're going to turn the thermostat up. Alright so they can be exogenous meaning coming from outside the body or endogenous, so here's a good example, you see the exogenous pyrogens there in the, a pyrogen is any chemical that increases the core temperature. So the exogenous pyrogens is talking about there, LPS is lipopolysaccharide, that's going to be the lipid atoxin that's found in the outer membrane of all gram-negative bacteria. So as your body is destroying gram-negative bacteria or as they're reproducing, they're going to be releasing this toxin to the environment, so that's going to be an exogenous pyrogens. Your immune cells are going to take up that LPS toxin and they're going to produce the endogenous pyrogens, you see here interleukin one, interleukin six and several others, two minicrosis factor alpha, these are all examples of endogenous pyrogens. They're going to head to the hypothalamus and they're going to lead to the production of prostaglandin E2 and that's what's going to turn up the thermostat in the hypothalamus. So whenever you hear the word prostaglandin you should pay attention because this is going to be where your nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, their primary function is to control prostaglandins because prostaglandins lead to pain, inflammation and as you can see here fever. This is why drugs like ibuprofen can control fevers. My son was recently sick and his fever was up to 104, we'd give him some ibuprofen and it would shoot back down about five hours later as the ibuprofen was wearing off it would start to slowly ramp up. So you could see the ibuprofen by controlling prostaglandin production was helping to control the fever but then it would come back when the ibuprofen wore off. Alright so that's the fever, that's the benefits of fever, the potential risks of fever and that's how fevers are going to be produced. I hope this helps. Have a wonderful day. Be blessed.